the web as a dynamic graph

... Barbara Santa Barbara, California Michael T Goodrich Leonidas Guibas S Gunasekaran University of California, Irvine Irvine, California Stanford University Palo Alto, California Louisiana State ... an operation as being the amount you charge the operation rather than the amount the operation costs You can charge an operation any amount you wish so long as the amount charged to all operations ... Arrays An array is conceptually defined as a collection of pairs The implementation of the array in modern programming languages such as C++ and Java uses indices starting at Languages...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2015, 09:45

... interest assessed by a tax authority are likely to be the major source of financial damage, there certainly are other tax-related damages that can Professional Liability Suits Against Tax Accountants ... employee of the client While data are clear as to whether the tax filing was inappropriate, there is not always a clear indication in the data whether the tax accountant error led to the improper ... of tax damage Further, the data available often made it difficult to quantify the amount of tax damages (e.g present value of future tax payments) Therefore, TAX DAMAGES is an indicator variable...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 08:20

... [25] The operators KIND and SAMPLE follow Cad.son's analysis [10] of the semantics of bare plurals THE, as an operator, takes three arguments: a variable, a sort (unary predicate), and a proposition ... classes that can be phrased as the of a For instance, suppose CURRENT-SPEED is a binary relation relating vesselis to SPEED, a subclass of ONE-D-MEASUREMENT An attribute treatment ... Hinrichs, E.W., Ayuso, D.M., and Scha, R The Syntax and Semantics of the JANUS Semantic Interpretation Language In Research and Development in Natural Language Understanding as Part of the Strategic Computing...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... reuse The advances in the Internet and the World Wide Web play an important role as we have seen many web- based design tools emerging in the past few years that enable geographically separated ... targets a distributed collaborative EDA design system that is scaleable, adaptable, and secure It includes a data manager, a server wrapper package, Java client package, proxy services, and a ... clause with the satisfied literal marked in pink and unsatisfied literal in green As we can see, for a satisfiable instance, each row has at least one literal marked in pink The blue (shaded) area...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 12:20

... over-sampled case has a similar structure to the critically sampled case, and the rationally over-sampled case has a better parallel structure, since it has ' relatively small 2-D ^ x M M An et al ... thus we have sampled the frequency axis such that in each period of length there appear M equally-spaced sampling points a distance Q/M apart 44 M Bastiaans We then define the array Amk as a kind ... providing stability in signal representation, as opposed to efficiency, has also become clear by means of the application of frame analysis and the Zak transform Some of the main tasks that can be accomplished...

Ngày tải lên: 05/06/2014, 11:56

... impose the same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available Typeset by Newgen Imaging ... democratic followers; and (3) a theory compression’ occurs as interaction accelerates’, making the world a far smaller and more immediately reactive place; and, as the range and depth of shared activities ... making assumptions about human cognitive capacities and about institutional capabilities that are not plausible in any remotely large-scale and pluralistic society I argue, further, that all attempts...

Ngày tải lên: 10/06/2014, 22:17

... appropriate, as the basic mechanisms and modelling approaches are similar in all kinds of plants WITHIN-TREE ALLOCATION: BASIC PRINCIPLES AND MECHANISM In the last 50 years assimilate allocation ... grandidentata Leaves are numbered from basal (L1) to apical (L3) Arrow widths are roughly proportional to assimilate fluxes (redrawn after [17]) 2.1 A dynamic allocation pattern The direction of assimilate ... major factors such as water, major mineral nutrients or light availability affect the relative carbon allocation to the different plant parts, particularly the shoot:root ratio, in a way that...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:22

... hybrids are very common An analog/digital hybrid refers to a drawing that may incorporate one aspect of analog media, such as a sketch, and another aspect of digital media, such as Photoshop shading ... storing graphic data: raster and vector Photoshop is the primary raster-based program used in digital rendering Programs like Illustrator and AutoCAD are primarily vector-based, although there are ... in the same way as a vector line Using Raster Images in Vector-Based Programs Many different graphics techniques, such as importing a base map into Illustrator, use raster images in vector-based...

Ngày tải lên: 26/03/2016, 18:42

... and Riga, and then Tel Aviv again and Kfar Saba again and Beer Sheva again, to Haifa and Jerusalem and Stockholm and, finally, those two days in Copenhagen‖ (72) On a practical note, this travelling ... I was interested in was almost too tantalizing, too powerful, to bear: my leg was shaking as I sat in Susannah‘s car and watched Manhattan drop behind us […] I was, once again, prey to fantasies ... It has won many literary prizes, including the Costa Biography Award, the Galaxy New Writer of the Year Book Award and the Royal Society of Literature Ondaatje Prize The novel has been translated...

Ngày tải lên: 14/04/2016, 18:03

... addition, the SIH is not always available and users have to activate it manually Other visual improvements for dialogue-based computer tutors have been explored in the past (e.g talking heads (Graesser ... positive effect, the S users are asked to rate first the poorer version of the system (noNM) and then the better version (NM) In contrast, F users’ task is easier as they already have a high reference ... betweensubjects factors was applied The within-subjects factor was the NM presence (NMPres) and the between-subjects factor was the condition (Cond)1 The significance of the effect of each factor and their...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... not the property that is the denotation of "talk" is in the set of properties that John has THE FIRST MECHANISM - EXTERNAL MANAGEMENT The mechanism that evaluates a formula with respect to a model ... model has been augmented with a table that contains each ~-expression and the ima6e of its denotation in the current stage of the dynamic model When the domain of the ~-expression expands, the correct ... individuals and has as its denotation the set of properties that John has The sentence "John talks" translates to: (2) [~ P P(j)](talk) This formula evaluates to true or false depending on whether...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... takes as input the n a m e of some actual database frame, and produces a lexical frame whose spelling slot now contains the n a m e of the database frame, and whose semantics corresponds to the ... beforehand, given that the database frame is named Pullum Instead, the mechanism just introduced would note, in analyzing the query, that Pullum was the n a m e of a frame in the target database; ... fact that in generaJ auxiliary verbs have as their complement a verb phrase in base form (e.g the base V P be a manager in un'/[be a manager) One of the exceptions to this generalization is the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... this reason both types of anaphora considered so far are usually called "denotatlonal anaphora" This name is unfortunate as it blurs the main idea behind this type of anaphora, viz The fact that ... DRT and Helm's File Change Semantics are two (very similar) attempts ¢o unify the familiarity/novelty theory and the quantlficational theory of noun phrases and, as special cases, the referential ... individuals can have the same name and pPopeP names ape ThePefoPe tPanslated as noPmal pPedlcaTes ConTPaPy To Kampts oPiEinal notation° but in aEPeement with The pPac~ice now EenePally adopted0 we...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 10:20

... provided as a percentage of the capture operators total salary costs on a daily basis • Cataloging/Metadata (required for digitization and/or created at capture stage) as a percentage of total salary ... Metadata/Cataloging: The creation of metadata records for the digital material This work may also involve cataloging the analog material or searching for information to enhance the metadata record ... purposes (The appendix on metadata provides more detail on different types of metadata, and on specific metadata schemes and their uses. )The availability of accurate metadata is as important as the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 14:20

... political party, the Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan (JUP) He called his political ideology Nizam-e-Moestafa, as in the example of his beloved Prophet “Mohammad Moestafa Sallallaahoe alaihi wa Sallam” He arranged ... Islam: ‘Three mosques, the Masjid-al-Haram [at Makkah], the Prophet’s mosque at Madinah and the Masjid-al-Aqsa at Jerusalem have an exalted position in view of their […] religious sanctity No other ... son, Mahmud Ahmad, was elected leader, another faction was created under Muhammad Ali The first group called itself the Qadiani, after their headquarters and birthplace of the Founder, while the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 23:20

... pre-argumentative features in such a way that, given the situation and the adequate topoi, the argumentation of an utterance -in that situation and within the corresponding cultural frame- of the ... by the sentence can be represented at this level (in particular, the logical information as well as the conventional implicature ; the pre-argumentative aspects of the sentence are described at ... adepts than ~ the last one Anscombre, Jean-Claude and Oswald Ducrot : L'argumentation dans la lan~ue, Mardaga, Bruxelles, 1983 Bruxelles, Sylvie and Pierre-Y~es Raccah : "L'analyse Argumentative" report...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

... phonological features Phonology yearbook 2, 225-252 Kalman, Laszl6 and Andras Kornai 1985 A finite-state approach to generation and parsing Paper presented at the Generative Grammar Fiesta, Salzburg ... e s A and B will remove their addresses from the top level before forwarding the graph The graph on Figure 6, on the other hand, will be unable to activate any of the addressees because of the ... n c e s in the feature structures and their representations Since the map graphs of the m o l e c u l a r machine contain no node variables, unification essentially means the elimination of missing...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... of mateship, anti-authoritarianism, and physical prowess Therefore the two films are comparative in the sense of they both represent the typical Australian Male, however they contrast in a sense ... Far Away looks into the typical Australian Male elements and focuses on them to make the film relatable and emblematic of the lifestyle and lives of the shearers That is the brawling, hard drinking, ... relationship (Smith, J 1998) The cultural factor that the three drag queens are excepted by the Aborigines is intriguing in that the larger townships not accept them as they accept aborigines The...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 22:49

... classifying an instance as negative (i.e., non-anaphoric) Given this observation, we can naturally define the conservativeness of an anaphoricity classifier as follows We say that classifier A is ... being anaphoric rather than as a binary-valued feature Future work will examine alternative encodings of anaphoricity The Constraint-Based, Globally-Optimized (CBGO) Approach As discussed above, ... CBGO always has a larger value than the default value employed by CBLO This provides empirical evidence that the CBLO anaphoricity classifiers are too liberal in classifying NPs as non-anaphoric...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 03:20

... of the illness itself, but rather by the perceived threat it poses to the intactness of the self, i.e the impact and meaning a disease has for a patient In addition, personality factors are assumed ... study was to evaluate the validity of the PRIMS-RII as a measure of suffering in people with diabetes Although the concept of suffering is abstract, the vast majority of patients was able to ... moderately related to diabetes-related distress, as assessed by PAID, while IPM was additionally associated negatively with well-being In contrast, no association was found between well-being and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20