... Evolution ofthe Molecular Biologyof Brain Tumors andthe Therapeutic Implications high grade gliomas The structure and compounds ofthe ECM ofthe brain tissue have many specific differences from other ... infiltrate the enviro‐ ment and form it similar to the tumor tissue The process ofthe peritumoral invasion de‐ pends on the confrontation zone ofthe tumor cells andthe non-neoplastic cells and ECM ... mortality ofthe patient Moreover, the presence ofthe blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits the passage of a wide variety of anticancer agents The high incidence of recur‐ rence and poor prognosis of malignant...
... understand the viral replicative strategy and devise prophylactic measures In the wake ofthe SARS epidemic, a number of excellent review articles on the clinical and molecular aspectsof SARS epidemiology ... administration of corticosteroids [44,45] Since then, the wealth of information that has emerged on SARS-CoV molecular and cellular biology, as updated in the preceding sections of this review, now offers ... molecular aspectsof SARS-CoV biologyand how such information may lead to strategies for disease prevention The clinical symptoms of SARS are those of a lower respiratory tract infection and are...
... understand the viral replicative strategy and devise prophylactic measures In the wake ofthe SARS epidemic, a number of excellent review articles on the clinical and molecular aspectsof SARS epidemiology ... administration of corticosteroids [44,45] Since then, the wealth of information that has emerged on SARS-CoV molecular and cellular biology, as updated in the preceding sections of this review, now offers ... molecular aspectsof SARS-CoV biologyand how such information may lead to strategies for disease prevention The clinical symptoms of SARS are those of a lower respiratory tract infection and are...
... HIV-1 and other viruses [45] This work highlighted the importance of host proteins and machineries in the targeting of viral components during the gene expression and assembly phases ofthe retroviral ... targeting the binding of modified U1 snRNPs to regions of RNA adjacent to the polyadenylation signal The magnitude ofthe inhibition observed coupled with the high degree of conservation of http://www.retrovirology.com/content/3/1/77 ... components ofthe cellular endosomal sorting machinery, which regulate the delivery of cargo proteins into the MVB pathway, andthe biogenesis ofthe vesicles that bud into MVBs Three types of retroviral...
... distributed on other four aspectsthe planted intensity increased gradually in different aspect gradients •mainly distributed more on south and east aspects than on north and west aspects, andthe planted ... Interpretation of Rubber Plantation Spatial- temporal Pattern of Rubber Plantation Topographic Features of Rubber Plantation Summary and Prospect Current Spatial Pattern of Rubber Plantation ... showed the similar trend Change pattern (1980-2010): The proportion gradually declined on the flat and north aspects, while rose continually on the south aspect, and decreased firstly then increased...
... in the d13C of growth rings ofthe branch andofthe trunk [9] To study thetemporal changes in bulk needle d13C by sampling needles in regular temporal intervals, the variability due to spatial ... on the branch; and (4) thetemporal patterns ofthe different needle generations for bulk needle d13C corrected for spatial effects andthe influence of environmental factors on the detected temporal ... collected andthe absolute distance from the base ofthe branch was determined; (b) graphical representation of a transect for each growth year at the end ofthe experiment where 1, and are the growth...
... the exposure ofthe hydrophobic core of Phe12, Aib15 and Val18 to the solvent, while establishing thestructural basis for the side-chain interaction ofthe charged residues Arg16 and Glu20 The ... from the imine He proton and ˚ 3.644 and 5.121 A from the proximal guanidyl Hg11 and Hg12 protons of Arg16 (Fig 3B) On the other hand, the ˚ Oe2 atom of Glu17 is found at 5.485 A, far from the ... sequence ofthe peptide, either through the nature ofthe side chain ofthe new amino acids or through their non-native conformational features, increase the peptide–CRH complex stability with the...
... group ofthe ligand andthe NH2 of Asn470 (equivalent to Asn710 in DPP-IV) Another potential bond can be proposed between the OH atom of Tyr380 andthe carbonyl group ofthe ligand Finally, the ... lactis The results are presented in Table and Fig 4A For the cluster of lowest energy, both the position andthe conformation ofthe ligand are close to those observed in the 3D structure ofthe ... comparison ofthe active and specificity sites ofthe two X-PDAP enzymes, the bacterial PepX (green) andthe human DPP-IV (orange) (B) Superposition ofthe active and specificity sites ofthe S9 enzymes...
... could influence the shortening processes ofthe assembled PufX protein The exchange of ubiquinone between the RC andthe cyt bc1 in the presence of mutated PufX protein The role ofthe PufX protein ... neither affects the photosynthetic capability ofthe bacteria nor the efficiency of exchange ofthe ubiquinol molecules between the RC andthe bc1, as judged from the reduction kinetics of cytochrome ... important role in the structure ofthe core complex [12], we decided to investigate the possible structural role ofthe N-terminus andthe C-terminus of PufX To this aim, nine strains of Rb sphaeroides...
... all the power increases in the same temporal period andthe same frequency band The open bars represent the total power in the theta band The gray bars represent the total power in the beta band ... the case ofthe single math task, the response time is the shortest andthe theta power increase is the weakest Among the dual-task cases, the longest response time andthe greatest theta power ... data, andthe modification of paper to submit TTC participated in the design ofthe study and performed the statistical analysis HZL participated in the design ofthe study and drafted the manuscript...
... on the growth and structure of cellulolytic biofilms After the initial attachment phase when the bacteria form inverted colonies and depressions in the substrate, the biofilm maintains a thin and ... experiment The use of flat cellulose substrates coupled with sampling the biofilm structure at multiple stages of development allowed dissection ofthe multi-step process of biofilm formation and cellulose ... many ofthe cells are positioned vertically on the cellulose surface (Figures 2a and 3a) Whether this positioning is due to physical crowding ofthe cells on the surface or is the result of a...
... where WRi is the width ofthe GMO, nlines is the number of required memory objects for an operator, and w p is the bit width representing a pixel The length ofthe GMO is equal to that ofthe memory ... by the FPGA thus ensuring optimal usage ofthe block RAMs The algorithm takes advantage ofthe dual port capabilities ofthe block RAMs to achieve optimal allocations andthe possibility of allocating ... each ofthe five line pairs (the dashed line is the SRAM andthe marked line is the SDRAM) The graph shows that the performance exceeds the HDTV performance 1367 ¢ 768 progressive mode for a temporal...
... from the VSMC expression ofthe fast isoform of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (MHC) which determines the velocity of shortening during vasomotion (rev [61]) Of note, lent isoform of smooth muscle ... the movement ofthe myosin heads still remains as a matter of debate and speculation The reason for the present situation in the field ofmuscle research arises from the fact that the myosin head ... Longitudinal arrangement of actin and myosin filaments within a sarcomere Note that the half sarcomere is thestructuraland functional unit ofmuscle (Sugi, 1992) On the other hand, actin filaments...
... motions ofthe pair The vector ofthe response spectra is calculated as the square root ofthe sum ofthe squares (SSRS) ofthe response spectra for the two different directions, and this vector ... representative ofthe overall loaddeformation behavior ofthe building and compute a response history using appropriate software (e.g., Hachem, 2004) Dynamic analysis ofthe oscillator under the design ... sdof nonlinear static analyses on the one hand, and complications of complete threedimensional nonlinear dynamic analyses on the other, have led to some applications of simplified multidegree -of- freedom...
... Douglas-fir and beech at the same time The species composition ofthe young beech stand was rather similar to the community observed in the native forest Nevertheless, both beech and spruce stands had ... increased The length ofthe arrows indicates the relative importance ofthe species/variable in explaining the variability between profiles The angle between the arrows indicates the degree to which they ... indicates the relative importance ofthe variable in explaining the position ofthe tree species in the ordination space The angle between the arrows indicates the degree to which they are correlated...
... remarkable, andthe commitment ofthe faculty to the training ofthe house staff and to the treatment ofthe patients was admirable Moreover, I am describing the predominant trend at the center; there ... evaluation ofthe outcome of psychotherapy 40 Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis, andthe New Biologyof Mind I now consider each of these principles in turn and illustrate the experimental basis of this ... ourselves and each other? The only way to encourage the responsible use of this knowledge is to base the uses ofbiology in social policy on an understanding ofbiologyThe unease of social scientists...
... into the nature of replication This soon led to the discovery of mRNA, the deciphering ofthe genetic code, and an understanding ofthe mechanism of protein synthesis By 1965, we were well on the ... move out ofthe cell, and this event, together with the inactivation ofthe Na+ channel, repolarizes the cell and terminates the action potential Over the last several years, the ionic hypothesis ... symposium andthe recent progress in molecular neurobiology have contributed to our understanding ofthe signaling of nerve cells and their patterns of development and interconnection The patterns of...
... what the structure of DNA did for the rest ofbiology It unified the cellular study ofthe nervous system in general, and in fact, the study of ion channels in general One ofthe strengths ofthe ... different organic and inorganic ions of specified size to provide the first estimates ofthe size and shape ofthe pore ofthe Na+ andthe K+ channels These experiments led to the defining structural ... learning and memory, and may even be important in primates for aspectsof arousal and attention Although we are now only beginning to enter the era ofthestructuralbiologyof voltage andof ligand-gated...
... indicates the size ofthe displacement ofthe dot and thus the degree of apparent motion Note the general similarity between the performance ofthe human and that ofthe monkey andthe devastation ... began by investigating the patterns of vibration ofthe various components ofthe inner ear, andthe relationship of these patterns to the characteristics of sound waves From these observations he ... studies ofthe influence of target cells on the control ofthe neuronal number In the 1930s and 1940s, Samuel Detwiler, Viktor Hamburger, and others showed that the number of sensory neurons in the...
... spanned the transition from the twentieth century to the twenty-first century—have produced both the elucidation ofthe human genome and an increased understanding ofthebiologyofthe human ... in the sequence of bases in DNA In the 1960s and 1970s, our understanding of genes was further enhanced by the cracking ofthe genetic code, the three-letter alphabet whereby the sequence of ... application of these and other molecular insights made possible genetic engineering and more recently the sequencing ofthe human genome The current generation of physicians will be the first to reap the...