the simple behavior of complex systems

... student was studying the civil rights record of the Johnson Administration, another the effects of lengthening the schoolday for elementary students, another the question of whether a computer could ... to the slacking student and the rest of us, “What can any person in the face of all the world’s challenges? He or she can try.” xi The 100 Simple Secrets of Successful People As I conducted the ... dozens of pictures of women and asked to choose the six that other people would think are the most beautiful The person whose answers most closely resembled the collective opinion of the other...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2013, 16:10

... Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without ... permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without ... permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 11:36

... wavelength of 1.540600 Å The X-ray data was collected using an MBraun curved PSD with a chamber depth of cm The focal radius of the system was 57 mm, and the cm length of the PSD subtended ∼25° 2θ of the ... however, the assignment of component polymorphs to sample mixtures depended on the XRPD results Conclusions Interconversions of the Polymorphs of Disodium Salt The interconversions of polymorphs of the ... anhydrous thermal event Form I to Form II melt of Form II Form I to Form II melt of Form II loss of water melt of Form I Form I to Form II melt of Form II loss of water melt of Form III melt of Form...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 03:20

... uniformly bounded then the null solution of Eq.(12) is uniformly stable b If the C0 - semigoup operator (T (t))t≥0 satisfies the hypothesis of theorem (2.3) then the solution of Eq.(12) in the case µ ... such that the solution of Eq.(4) in the case µ = will be asymptotic equivalence to the solution of Eq.(4) in the case µ = 0(in the following we will give µ = 1) .The obtained result of this part ... we can show that the null solution x(t) ≡ of Eq.(4) is uniformly stable ii) By assumption (ii) of the theorem there exist the positive constants C and λ δ= Ce−λt , T (t) ∀t > By the similar argument...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 11:20

... varied and the range of variation relative to the normal value of the reference state The last four columns show the percentage of the total variation range of the load parameter where the simplied ... quality for none of the reactions except the ATPase reaction On the other hand, the quality achieved with the LL rate law uctuated less from one reaction to the other than with the other simplied ... (GSH), the two cardinal metabolites that mainly determine the integrity of the cell The goodness of these simplied models was evaluated by using the solutions of the full mechanistic model as the...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... respect to the anatomical conditions, and the tibiae were mounted eccentrically in the sagittal plane to mimic the soft tissues of the calf At the site of the osteotomy, the distance between the bone ... at the distal end of the frame, which was fixed to the base plate of the test machine In this manner, the distal articular joint line of the composite bone did not contact the base plate of the ... measure the interfragmentary motion at the site of the defect, the relative motion of the bone fragments to the rings and the relative motion between the rings There were three transducers at the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... opposite behavior has been explained through the creation of dopant levels near the valence band of TiO2 on Fe+3 ion incorporation Therefore, the relative shift of the absorption edge of the semiconductor ... depends strongly on the difference between the ionic radius of the dopant and the host cations, as well as on the chemical nature of the dopants To evaluate the bandgap energy of the nanoparticles ... with the increase of the dopant concentration, suggesting that the incorporation of Eu ions suppresses the growth of TiO2 nanocrystals to a great extent In order to verify the presence of Eu in the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 23:20

... proof of Lemma 1.3 is given in Section Based on the method of proof and the validity of Theorem 1.1 for systems after suitable modifications of the definition of Tp,k in 1.3 and of the hypotheses ... derive the case κ from the case κ ≥ by regularization of the coefficients and stability of the Fredholm index The major obstacle in doing so is the mere CM regularity of ∂Ω, since Theorem 1.1 with κ ... ellipticity hypotheses such as strong ellipticity and/or less general boundary conditions Agmon , Browder , Denk et al 8, Theorem 8.2, page 102 The idea of the proof of Theorem 1.2 is to derive the case...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... Senior Lecturer in the School of Mathematics, University of Manchester, UK His research interests include climate modeling, extreme value theory, distribution theory, information theory, sampling ... Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, the George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA He is the Senior Co-editor-in-Chief of the thirteen-volume Encyclopedia of Statistical ... Coauthor of over 300 papers on statistical methodology and theory, 25 books in the field of statistics and quality control, three Russian-English scientific dictionaries, and Coauthor of the often-cited...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... knowledge of the instantaneous channel parameters, while the transmitter is not aware of the information about the channel parameters In the following, we will describe the statistical property of the ... for the channel capacity of the Nakagami fading channels The conservativeness of the lower bound comes from the diagonal assumption on Q If, on the other hand, Q is nondiagonal, some kind of knowledge, ... in the space of the fading matrix A The set is the largest possible set for which CΘ , the capacity of the compound channel with parameter A ∈ ΘR , satisfies CΘ ≥ R The outage probability is then...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... for another: the history of Work the System is a perfect illustration of the systems mindset that is the centerpiece of the book itself I self-published Work the System in the spring of 2008 This ... your world, examining the comings and goings of the day as if they are tangible, physical objects You see the separateness of the systems of your life; the components are simple and understandable ... The imbedded vision of the world as an orderly collection of processes, not as a chaotic mass of sights, sounds, and events The crystal clear understanding of the mechanical way the systems of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/07/2014, 22:38

... i r mi , r m= ˆ r i=1 mi The proofs of the following theorems can be obtained similarly as the proofs of Theorem 6.20.1, Theorem 6.20.2 in [1], so we omit them here Theorem Assume that xF (x) ... Suppose further that lim sup x,y→∞ H(x, y) < − λ∗ , x (2.2) Then every solution {xn }∞ n=−m of (2.1) is bounded Proof The proof follows from applying the mean value theorem and the proof of Theorem ... and i=1 αi = then Theorem remains true The following theorem gives a sufficient condition for the boundedness of every solution of (2.1) Theorem Assume that the sequence {λn }n is as in Theorem and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 05:20

... bounded, then the height distribution Derivation of Results We establish the five parts of Theorem Since the analysis involves a routine use of the saddle point method (cf [1, 12]), we only give the ... for large b (cf Theorem 2) The proof is delayed until Section It is based on an asymptotic evaluation of a certain integral Summary of Results We let Hn be the height of a b-trie of size n We denote ... better understood by viewing the problem as first fixing k and b, and then varying n (cf Section 4) Theorem For b → ∞ the distribution of the height of b-tries has the following asymptotic expansions:...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 06:20

... product over the vertices of G of the weights of the spins times the product over the edges of G of the weights of the spin-pairs In this language Z W (G) is the partition function of the the electronic ... think of the weights λ·,uv as a measure of the likelihood of seeing the different spin-pairs across the edge uv The probability of a particular spin configuration is thus proportional to the product ... think of {1, , m} as the set of possible spins that a particle may take For each v ∈ V we think of the weights λ·,v as a measure of the likelihood of seeing the different spins at v; furthermore,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 13:21

... then yields the result 3.2 (λ([0, x])(1 − λ([0, x])))p/2 The proof of Theorem Proof The proof is completely analogous to the proof of Theorem 1, due to the fact that the entire structure of the ... |g(a) − g(b)| dadb The result then follows from Theorem and ess sup0 3.5 x ∗ |g(x)| = DN (P) The proof of Theorem P Proof We go back to our definition of DN as the expected value of the random variable ... suitable decompositions of the unit cube (i.e bounds on the volume of the set A from the proof) The second way seems to lead to a very technical path while the first way seems to be the more manageable...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 12:22

... carcinomawere compared with the group of 10,061 cases, mostly of the invasive ductal type (91% of cases), observed during the same period The focus of the study was the comparison of ductal carcinomas ... that a total of 23 patients had MRI of the breast On further review of these pathology cases, there were 12 patients with mixed ductal/lobular carcinoma who had MRI of the breast We then compared ... presence in the ductal and lobular component of the tumor Although the E-cadherin staining is weaker in the lobular regions of the tumor, it is nonetheless present Overall, 90% (6/7) of the cases...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 03:21

... observed On the other hand, direct injection of arginine into branches of Douglas fir from the end of April to the end of June did not stimulate flowering (McMullan, 1980) It seems therefore that ... either by stem girdling or by root flooding at the end of shoot elongation The level of ACC and its malonyl form (MACC) increased rapidly in the shoots just after stem girdling and at the end of ... biochemical marker that is specific to the transition stage and, if possible, at the level of the shoot instead of the meristem Certainly, protein analysis using the molecular biology tools could...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... of this mixture was added over the first layer and 1.5 ml of DMEM was placed into the basal compartment of the chamber that was thereafter maintained for 24 hours at 37°C To test the effect of ... studying the effect of EGCG on the migration of invasive cell lines The effect of EGCG on cell migration was higher when cells were cultured in 2D systems (65% decrease in presence of 7.5 μg/ml of ... concentration (μg/ml) Figure zymography of the gelatinolytic activities of MMPs zymography of the gelatinolytic activities of MMPs Analysis of the gelatinolytic activities of MMP9 (92 kDa), pro-MMP2 form...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:21

... is the total suction pressure, Lp is the deformed projection length of the cell inside the pipette (cf Fig 2.4(a)), L p is the rate of change for Lp, Rc is the radius of the cell body outside the ... 2000; Tseng et al 2002) These techniques generally probe different aspects of the mechanical behaviors of the cells Because of the heterogeneity and viscoelasticity of cells, the measured mechanical ... fluid shear in the blood vessels can regulate the gene expression of endothelial cells (Chien 2003) The dynamic compression of cartilage are known to modulate the proteoglycan synthesis of chondrocytes...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 11:01

... capable of contracting the disease and becoming infective, • (I), the infective class, i.e., the class of those individuals who are capable of transmitting the disease to others, • (R), the removed ... that the support of π ∗ and the empirical density of π ∗ Figure 3: Trajectories of S(t), I(t) in Example 3.2 Figure 4: Phase portrait of (2.1) and the support of π ∗ in Example 3.2 and the empirical ... total variation of the transition probability to the invariant measure (see [6, 15]) As a result we have the following theorem for the model (1.2) Theorem 3.2 Let (S(t), I(t)) be the solution to...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 10:41