the role of capital market in economic growth and development

... in a school in Ghana or Peru would gain the same amount of knowledge in any year of schooling as the average student in a school in Finland or Korea? Still, using the quantitative measure of ... impact of school attainment on earnings. 29 using the mathematics component of the transformed and extended tests shown in Figure 4.1, replicating and strengthening the previous results by using ... plots the average annual rate of growth in GDP per capita over the 40-year period against years of schooling at the beginning of the period for a sample of 92 countries. Both growth and education...

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... expectation of a strengthening of the rand) or by raising interest rates. Under either of these options, it would probably be both difficult and undesirable for the SARB to maintain the higher rates of ... buying inflows to reduce the NOFP. Nonetheless, in certain cases involving large one-off inflows of FDI, the SARB may have sufficient prior information to make an assessment as to whether the ... approach. By stepping into the market to purchase foreign exchange, irrespective of prevailing market conditions, the SARB would be adding to pressure on the rand at times of weak investor sentiment....

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Ngày tải lên: 08/10/2013, 15:56

... the dominance of the banking sector in the financial system. At the same time, opening of markets and reforms have contributed to the strengthening of intermediation function of financial markets, ... China Statistics Yearbook, China Financial Yearbook and People’s Bank of China Statistics Quarterly bulletin. B. Development of direct financing and indirect financing markets providing financing ... and the central bank in bond market development The government and the central bank played significant roles in establishing and developing bond market in China. Since 1998, inter-bank bond market...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 07:15

... ). The renewed interest in examining the indications for BCG vaccination in the United States included consideration of the wide range of vaccine efficacies deter- mined by clinical trials and ... to explore the sources of the heterogeneity in the efficacy of the BCG vaccine reported in the individual studies. Using a model that included the geographic latitude of the study site and the data ... resurgence in the incidence of TB occurred in the United States and included increases in the number of TB cases among adults and children and outbreaks of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) involving...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 13:20

... Allen N., and Gregory F. Udell. 1998. The Economics of Small Business Finance: The Roles of Private Equity and Debt Markets in the Financial Growth Cycle,” Journal of Banking and Finance, August, ... Bank of New York, Current Issues in Economics and Finance, August. Strahan, Philip, and James Weston. 1998. “Small Business Lending and the Changing Structure of the Banking Industry,” Journal of ... understanding issues facing community banks. I. THE CURRENT ROLE OF COMMUNITY BANKS The banking system in the United States has always been unique in the sense of containing large numbers of small...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 11:20

... the dimer interface of the models or in the surroundings of the mutated residues. The models of RNase A covalent dimers in the exchanging conformation were prepared using the 7RSA structure and ... at the dimer interface of the models or in the surroundings of the hinge loop residues. Likewise, the models of nonex- changing and exchanging HHP-RNase were prepared start- ing from 1Z7X. The ... (rotation angle ‘r’) and variation of the inclination (inclination angle ‘i’) with respect to the plane of the membrane (parallel to the xy plane). Cter and Nter are the C-terminal and N-terminal structural...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 06:20

... involved in the regulation of the stability and trafficking of GAT1. It has been reported that a variety of molecular chaperones and folding enzymes assist the folding of newly synthesized proteins in ... N-linked oligosaccharide side-chains are important for the GABA transport activity. 1-Deoxymannojirimycin inhibits the GABA-uptake of GAT1 In order to gain further insight into the role of the terminal ... clarify whether N-glycans are directly involved in the GABA- uptake process and whether the modulation of N-gly- cosylation in uences the biochemical properties of this protein, quantitative and kinetic...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... disambiguated word meaning. It is the in interaction of the results of these asynchronous processes that the process of comprehension is defined. The processes are independent of the know- ledge ... affected. The study includes off-line picture naming which forces use of articles in all of the above contexts, as well as on-line production of these morphemes in an attempt to determine in which ... but are often generic and mark masculine, feminine, or plural (Gross, 1977; Goffic and McBride, 1975). And furthermore, these same articles often are not translated into meaning preserving sentences...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... most of them and access-to-input for the worst in this sub-pool. Conversely, the overbearing influence of the financial constraints in the lower half is statistically associated with a rather ... book, index of current production, the lower the supply of credit. Finally, the higher the co-ordinate on the f2 axis, e.g. the more the enterprise is faced with financial limit, the higher the ... The probability of increasing debt raises with the fact that the enterprise was indebted in the past (in all the groups). Nodebt thus appears as a strong inertial component in the credit-demand...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:20

... microfinance stands unrivalled in scale, and outreach continues to grow in terms of the number of microborrowers. Institutions providing microfinance in Asia play a critical role in increasing the ... for the same year. In terms of growth, the survey revealed annual growth rates of 35% in terms of the number of clients and 46% in terms of the size of the portfolio. This confirms that the Latin ... identify the various models and understand the existing distinct approaches to microfinance. There is significant diversity among the type of players in the microfinance industry. This includes...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 10:20

... music), taking into account the director’s – and, therefore, the composer’s – intentions, the narrative content of the film, and the overall strategy of the director in constructing the multifaceted ... theoretical – of film music perception and the role of music in film, referencing some of the most significant research investigating the relationship between sound and image in the cinematic context. ... other-worldly. In this capacity, the role of music is significantly enhanced by the level of ambiguity inherent in the visual scene. Specifically, the more ambiguous the meaning of the visual image, the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 14:20

... affinity of ChiB for allosamidin, which is an analogue of the proposed oxazolinium ion intermediate [32]. The minor (or even positive) effects of Y214F on substrate and intermediate binding and the ... conformations. The Asp142 equiv- alent in the family 18 chitinase from Coccidioides immitis was found to be in the ÔdownÕ position in the apoenzyme and in the ÔupÕ position in the complex with allosamidin ... for the position of residue 142 [34]. The pK a calculations indicate that the only candidate for a residue determining the basic arm of the pH-activity profile of the D142N mutant is Glu144. The...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 14:20