the problem of fiscal discipline in federations

... downlink, uplink, and feedback such that the overall system performance in terms of the sum of the throughputs of the downlink and the uplink is maximized In this way, we can also maintain a ... SNR in the downlink Since the obtainable beamforming gain depends on the quantization resolution, RDL is a function of the number b of feedback bits per antenna The original optimization problem ... Advances in Signal Processing as unidirectional, namely, flowing in the downlink from the multiantenna transmitter to the single-antenna receiver (the MISO-case) Furthermore, the asymptotic analysis in...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 22:20

... Objectives of the survey: The questions in the survey questionnaire were divided into three main areas of study, including: the causes of disruptive behaviours, the reactions of discipline and the codes ... behaviours as one way of defining discipline His main concerns lie in the reasons for discipline and the trends towards the emergence of the disruptive behaviors: ‘At some stage of their lives, all ... become the class character to the detriment of their peers There are a lots of ways of a disrupting a class.’ Whether discipline and discipline problems are discussed either directly or indirectly,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/09/2013, 13:06

... narrow-down close-down The first step in testing this hypothesis was to evaluate the current performance of PARTS in handling the phrasal verb construction To this a set of 94 pairs of Verb+Particle/Preposition ... adjectives This confirms my hypothesis that PARTS will have a problem solving the N/V ambiguity in cases where the lexical probability of the word points to a noun These are the very cases that should ... second, and the results of assuming a verbal tag in the third (The "choice" colunm is explained below.) The average performance of PARTS for this task is 89%, which is lower than the general...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... derived by subtracting the number of people counted in the census from the number of people measured in the survey and then dividing by the estimate of the total population according to the survey A ... million in savings is targeted for FY 2013 for a total savings in FY 2013 of $0.42 million For additional information see the Administrative Savings section of the Introduction to the Budget in Brief ... million in savings is targeted for FY 2013 for a total savings in FY 2013 of $.44 million For additional information see the Administrative Savings section of the Introduction to the Budget in Brief...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 02:20

... involves defining fiscal responsibilities of the different levels of government It also consists of fiscal instruments and procedures that have the aim of helping in the delivery of public goods ... fiscal decentralization in China include those by Lin and Liu (2000) and Zhang and Zou (1998) In Lin and Liu’s 2000 study on fiscal decentralization in China, they investigate whether the Chinese ... in the Chinese case Unlike other decentralization studies, they use the marginal revenue increments retained by provincial governments as a measure of fiscal decentralization In addition to the...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 02:15

... non-contingent being is intelligible’ seems no more implausible than the thesis ‘If the concept of a thinking being is intelligible, the concept of a non-thinking being is intelligible’.) Of course, ... ‘‘sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof’’ That is to say, the meaning that ‘evil’ has in the phrase the problem of evil’ is one of its ordinary meanings ‘‘An evil’’ in this sense of the word is ... then, is the relationship of my discussion of the apologetic problem to the problem of evil in its other forms—to personal problems of evil, or pastoral problems of evil? The answer is that the...

Ngày tải lên: 10/06/2014, 21:29

... dicusssion of the problem of evil to the problem of error, or a problem concerning the trustworthiness of clear and distinct ideas Of course, this restriction of the problem cannot hold, since error ... his theories of contingency and of individuation His genius is in bringing together in synthesis his own idiosyncratic metaphysical doctrines and the classical themes of Augustinan theodicy, including ... the traditional reading of the Tractatus Theologico-Politicus through the lenses of the Ethics, and examines Spinoza's dicta in the Tractatus concerning the spirit of Christ, the essentials of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 15:59

... Research Fund of Ministry of Educations of Vietnam, under contract NCCB 2003/18 The Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of this Research Fund The Authors would like to thank the referee ... ) exp(MT) Proof of Theorem 1: Let u (t) , u(t) ∈ U ⊂ E p are fuzzy controls with (9) b) Δu = u(t) − u(t) satisfies (6) or (7) a) The solutions of (1) are equivalent the following integrals: t ... fig.1) Fig The sheaf-solutions of Sheaf Fuzzy Control Problem (SFCP) If μ(H t,u ) is a measure of the set H t,u then μ(H t,u ) is called a cross-area of sheaf trajectory at (t,u), in particular...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 10:22

... However, this does not mean imum, then that the minimum is attained in a single point In the case of degeneracy, as commonly present in the IMRT setting, the set of minimizers is a sizeable, high ... be the set of all beamlets of an arrangement of intensity modulated beams, or the set of all arclets of radiosurgery arcs The basis set defines the parameter space of the optimisation as the ... degree the brain The setup of the optimisation problem included hard constraints on the maximum equivalent uniform dose (EUD) [3,4] of the organs at risk (optical pathways, brain, brainstem,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:21

... integration often continues in brain dead patients if artificial interventions are employed Further, the notion of ‘whole’ brain death is suspect when the brain can continue to maintain neurohormonal ... irrelevant to the diagnosis of life or death because it fails the test of integration The heart’s only purpose is to pump blood to the brain, generally considered the integrator of the rest of the body ... of the atoms that make up the brain are irrevocably destroyed If the atomic structure of the brain is disturbed but the structural integrity of the brain is maintained, there is no fundamental...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 03:20

... us the overall view of the things done from the first to the final steps in order to get the outcomes of the study Chapter will present and discuss the findings of the study Chapter 4: FINDINGS ... experience in their particular fields The later are usually written by the teachers in training institutions with a view to the teaching situation in their training institution only The aim is ... Skimming B Scanning C Guessing meaning of new words and predicting the content of the text D Recognizing the implication of the text E Summarizing F Answering comprehension questions G Others...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2015, 09:32

... one in which the painter is represented in the act of painting When we look at the painter in the painting, we are positioned similarly to the model of the represented painter We are, on the ... discovering and exposing it, the fascination of seeing it and telling it, of captivating and capturing others by it the specific pleasure of the true discourse on pleasure (71) The proliferation of ... persistence of the author either in the 31     imagination of the reader or in the writings in which authorial intervention is markedly inscribed One question that we may ask is, if the author...

Ngày tải lên: 10/11/2015, 12:27

... all? The difficulty of the quest for identity, notably of naming what you consist of inside, is contrasted with the easiness of naming objects in our surrounding at the very beginning of the novel ... essence of their own being Finally, the narrator undermines the importance of words and rather highlights the struggle: The story is not in the words; it‟s in the struggle” (294) Through gathering ... which the present thesis attempts to examine His protagonists often find themselves on the brink of existential precipice, uncertain about the status of their own identity, balancing They start the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/04/2016, 18:01

... sample of countries and show that greater volatility increases the Gini coefficient and the income share of the top quintile, while it reduces the income share of the other quintiles The challenges ... important role in buffering the effects of interest rate shocks on the economy Eliminating the working capital constraint, while keeping all shocks in place, reduces the volatility of GDP, consumption, ... 21% The majority of this decline in volatility is achieved by eliminating the shocks to risk-premium In particular, eliminating just the default risk (and allowing for the shocks to the international...

Ngày tải lên: 23/04/2016, 04:50

... buying inflows to reduce the NOFP Nonetheless, in certain cases involving large one-off inflows of FDI, the SARB may have sufficient prior information to make an assessment as to whether the inflow ... expectation of a strengthening of the rand) or by raising interest rates Under either of these options, it would probably be both difficult and undesirable for the SARB to maintain the higher rates of ... two-thirds since the currency crisis of 1998 Nevertheless, the NOFP and other indicators of international reserve adequacy remain a source of concern for investors that is reflected in South Africa’s...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2012, 09:11

... retell the story in the listening text in their own words The teacher can help them by doing a drill first using the pictures or statements in the pre-listening task and in the while-listening task ... - ADAPTING THE DIALOGUE TO THEIR LIVES (Using prompts) Explain to the students that they are going to the dialogue again in pairs, using their own information This time the teacher is going to ... in the text Some of the information has already been filled in to guide their listening Students listen and fill in the rest in note form Example: Listen to the weather forecast and fill in the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:41

... UNIVERSITY, HANOI COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES POST GRADUATE STUDIES DEPARTMENT TRẦN QUỐC VIỆT A STUDY ON THE TECHNIQUES FOR THE IMPROVEMENT TO THE TEACHING OF ORAL SKILLS IN LIGHT OF COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH ... COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN QUẢNG NGÃI PROVINCE (NGHIÊN CỨU CÁC THỦ THUẬT NÂNG CAO VIỆC DẠY KỸ NĂNG NGHE NÓI TIẾNG ANH THEO ĐƯỜNG HƯỚNG GIAO TIẾP CHO ... NÓI TIẾNG ANH THEO ĐƯỜNG HƯỚNG GIAO TIẾP CHO GIÁO VIÊN TRUNG HỌC CƠ SỞ TẠI TỈNH QUẢNG NGÃI) M.A.THESIS HA NOI-2007 ...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:41

... Techniques to Improve the Teaching of Oral Skills for Junior High School Teachers in Quang Ngai Province 14 3.1 Techniques for teaching speaking 14 3.1.1 Introduction ... colleagues of Foreign Languages Department, Quang Ngai Teachers Training College for their attention and encouragement I am appreciative of all those who have kindly advised and helped me during the ... to Assoc Prof Dr Lê Hùng Tiến and the staff members of Postgraduate Department, College of Foreign Languages, VNU-Hanoi for their enthusiastic support I am sincerely grateful to Mr Đinh Tấn Bảo...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:41

... makers In the pilot province of Lam Dong, the pilot exercises on applying the principles of Free, Prior and Informed Consent in the context of REDD+ were internationally recognized as groundbreaking ... development and decision- making processes in REDD+ Readiness Which difficulties have been generating in the process of implementing REDD? In the process of implementation of REDD at site, we have ... manipulated the whole thing for our own selfish reasons because we are more interested in the financial benefits of REDD rather than the social and environmental benefits Then now, the question is: In...

Ngày tải lên: 23/01/2013, 22:06