... and other state agencies as core participants.
Lofgren & Benner ThePoliticalEconomyoftheNew Biology’ – preliminary draft only
5
core theme in the understanding ofthe role ofthe ... Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative
Lofgren & Benner ThePoliticalEconomyoftheNew Biology’ – preliminary draft only
6
These then are the state functions ... and the Birth of
the US Biotechnology Enterprises. American Economic Review 88 (1).
Lofgren & Benner ThePoliticalEconomyoftheNew Biology’ – preliminary draft only
2
The Political...
... will, among others, be of a public choice nature and include the importance of
the particular financial institution to the local economy and its potential systemic impact
on the rest ofthe financial ... credit away from
other segments oftheeconomy like the small and medium-sized enterprisesat the
time ofthe systemic crisis. This, coupled with the fact that significant forbearance of
already weak ... the subject of intense debate, with proponents of
a sudden shift of views of (foreign) investors as the main cause on one side and
proponents of weak fundamentals as the major cause on the other...
... Section ofthe De-
partment of Economics of Princeton University. Although
the Section sponsors the publications, the authors are free
to develop their topics as they wish. The Section welcomes
the ... characteristics of central-
bank charters grouped into four clusters: the appointment, dismissal, and
legal term of office ofthe governor ofthe central bank; the institutional
location ofthe final ... Bank, and the Reserve Bank ofNew Zealand,
exemplify the variations in approach. Five aspects ofthe division of
responsibilities between the government and the central bank illustrate
these differences...
... regimes the level of redistributive
spending should be minimal. The third tenet ofthe formal voting
theory emphasizes the importance ofthe form ofthe voting game’.
On the contrary, there ... interact with the main macroeco-
nomic variables, such as the level of GDP per worker, the openness
of the economy, the level of debt and the share of agriculture, and
with other socio- economic ... regime the size ofthe public sector should be small,
a substantial part ofthe electorate being excluded from the decision-
making process. So, independent ofthe type of economy, the level of...
... change for the time being. Now the strategy is
essentially a return to the ‘policy of a calm hand’ (Politik der ruhigen Hand) of the
summer of 2001, in the hope of some sort of spin-off from global ... changes in the gross pay of active workers. The main aim ofthe government’s
pension policy was to adjust the revenues ofthe pension insurance funds to the
expenditure required to serve the entitlements ... weakening ofthe tripartite structure
of the Bundesagentur to a rather vague appeal to the ‘elites ofthe nation’ to assist in
creating employment opportunities for the unemployed. The commission’s...
... historical roots
of the tussle over the naming of football codes can be traced back to
the nineteenth century, with much ofthe battle fought in the pages of
the press. Then, as now, the matter was ... written, there is enough evidence to compile a
snapshot of these codes in the early part ofthe twentieth century.
In the case of rugby (later rugby union), it is clear that the ante-
cedents ofthe ... considerations
were at the heart ofthe formation of a semi-professional rugby league
in the north of England in 1895.
54
Given the class dimensions ofthe
game in the Australian context (described...
... capture the societal
debates about environment and politicaleconomy rather than just the
academic debates over the theories ofthepoliticaleconomyofthe
environment.
Naturally, given the breadth ... 88
4.5 Theeconomy as a circular flow system 89
4.6 The environmental Kuznets curve 92
4.7 The vicious cycle of poverty and environmental
degradation 96
4.8 Theeconomy as a subsystem ofthe ecosystem ... extension of historical, political, and
socioeconomic processes that started long ago. It is reasonable, however,
to point to the 1960s as the beginning ofthe rapid intensification of
the process of...
... dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Political Science
in partial fulfillment ofthe requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy,
The City University ofNew York
2010
xi ... factions ofthe military competing against each other for political
power and the spoils of office. Nevertheless, under a bureaucratic polity, where the
governing elites are embedded in political ... 1963). The relationship of technocrats to the specific bureaucracies in which they
work influences the leverage that they have with thepolitical leadership.
16
indigenous elites, and the economy, ...
... individual has ofthe likely behavior of
others. Strategies are designed based on the individual’s perceptions ofthe likely
benefits or costs that they will receive in light of their own and others’ ... perceive to be related to their actions and those of others. The
payments people receive or costs they have to pay, the respect they earn from others,
the acquisition ofnew skills or knowledge ... now
includes of cials ofthe agencies themselves.
What’s wrong with development aid? Almost every part or process ofthe aid system
has been criticized, from the geopolitical agenda of donors to the distributive...
... capture the societal
debates about environment and politicaleconomy rather than just the
academic debates over the theories ofthepoliticaleconomyofthe
environment.
Naturally, given the breadth ... communication. The World Wide Web had just 50 pages
in 1993; by the end ofthe decade there were 50 million.
6
The number
of Internet users went from 25 million in 1995 to 400 million by the end
of 2000. The ... 88
4.5 Theeconomy as a circular flow system 89
4.6 The environmental Kuznets curve 92
4.7 The vicious cycle of poverty and environmental
degradation 96
4.8 Theeconomy as a subsystem ofthe ecosystem...
... readers to put the development
industry into the context ofthe global politicaleconomyof develop-
ment, or at least that is the book’s aim. In other words, despite all the
recent talk of poverty ... examples to illustrate the inequities of the
trading system, the persistence of unequal exchange, the myths
surrounding the benevolence of aid, phantom aid and the degree of
capital flight and ... canvass but below the canopy
there remain only discrete stalks descending into the soil below.
Metaphorically, these stalks are the nation states, emerging from the
THEPOLITICALECONOMYOF DEVELOPMENT
[5]
Bracking_02_cha01.qxd...
... introduces the reader to the
contours ofthepoliticaleconomyof development and the institutional
regime within which ‘creditor states’
13
compete and co-operate in the
extension of markets. The term ... the Northern states, borrowing
money from them rarely helps the poor, it just deepens the debt cycle and
turns the private sector ofthe developing country into a playground for
the rich ofthe ... sources. The Great Predators then
lend, with attendant terms of conditionality. But because these Great
Predators are captured by firms of Northern states, and because they
serve the interests of their...
... possibilities
and denials. In other words, in the promotion ofThe Market’ of the
structural adjustment programme (SAP) period, a deepening of the
management of markets by the IFIs took place: markets ... critically obscures how the
divide between the global haves and have-nots is maintained; the
technical slights of hand are the implementing policy machine of the
politicaleconomyof development. It ... 1674 of April 2006, which endorses the 2005 World Summit
statement ofthe same.
2. In some countries, such as Nigeria, these claims ran into billions of
pounds.
MONEY IN THEPOLITICALECONOMY OF...
... the ‘winners’ ofthe Second World
War. Since 1948, these have pooled their resources in a global system of
public credit. Politically, this system collectivised the management of
empire, as the ... present
consumption of finance and working capital. In the case ofthe poorest,
there has even developed a tendency to highlight the relevance of such
flows by the use ofthe annual ‘net receipts’ ... investors’ belief in the
power ofthe creditor states to control risk on their behalf, ominously,
by more crude political means if necessary. The banks endorse the
political management ofthe system itself.
In...