the oxford dictionary of new words pdf

... (17): (16) The new dam resisted the pressure of the water against it. (17) The man resisted the pressure of the crowd against him. Whereas the dam is supposed to stay in place as a result of its ... However, the further application of extra heavy stress (factor Db1)to the verb, as in (32c), now undoes the backgrounding effects of the four convergent factors. It overrides them and forces the foregrounding ... on it. b. The shed kept standing despite the gale wind blowing against it. c. The ball kept rolling despite the stiff grass. d. The log kept lying on the incline because of the ridge there. Patterns

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... despite the fact that in both cases the ‘‘origin’’ (O) of the frame is the speaker. (6) a. He is in front of the bush. (FoR: Relative, O: Speaker) b. He is in front of the bush from John’s point of ... distinctions, given the large theoretical variation, the bare fact that there seems to be agreement on the essential nature of these concepts is significant. The important issue concerning their ontological ... acquisition studies. By studying the way second-language learners master the structures of their L2 and the mistakes they make, inferences can be drawn about the nature of their L1 categories (Frisson

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... doubtful. Rather, all languages appear to make use of the concept, but they can differ substantially both as to the extension of the regions which they express and as to whether they use primarily ... points are of the same kind, and they should therefore not be lumped together under the cover term ‘‘landmark’’ (or ‘‘ground’’). How, then, is the translocation of trajector defined in the Geocen- ... recognition of similarities and dif- ferences among spatial situations, on the one hand, and the way space is classified by adult speakers of their language, on the other’’ (415). The problem is rather

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... and they quickly come along with the activa- tion. ‘Jesus on the Cross’ evokes the frame of ‘Roman crucifixion’, of ‘Jesus the baby’, of ‘Jesus the son of God’, of ‘Mary and the Holy women at the ... us the shoe sizes of the boxers or how many ounces the boxing gloves weigh or whether the boxers are wearing protective head gear, but a finer topology can in- clude the shoe size, the weight of ... opacity, instead of being a logical feature of certain kind of sentences, was really the manifestation of a much more general and fundamental property of discourse? ?the application of the Access Principle

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... is the sense in which one says that Heather is the Subject of the Verb sings. In other words, the term ‘‘Subject’’ confounds two different types of relations in a construction: the role of the ... Constructions other than idiomatic phrases are compositional; that is, the meanings of the parts of the construction are combined to form the meaning of the whole construction. The reason that they must ... question of different construction grammar theories: (I) What is the status of the categories of the syntactic elements in construction grammar given the existence of constructions? Beyond the meronomic

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... and the like. 9 g. The Core and the Periphery. The aim of the generative enterprise has been from the very start the search for high-level generalizations. In this process, the idiosyncratic, the ... about the mind. On the contrary, it was Generative Linguistics which imposed conditions on the structure of a more general theory of cognition. The linguistic theory required a theory of cognition ... number of ways in which the notion of autonomy can be applied to the study of language (Croft 1995; Newmeyer 1998). a. First, we can enquire whether linguistics, that is, the academic study of language,

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... these children to have simply stored the surface form they heard around them, since these forms are obviously constructed on the basis of a previously stored, relatively correct version of the ... discussion of neutralization issues within the framework I am discussing). When speakers confront such instances of category overlap, in the absence of other information, they assign the sound to the ... containing a /t/ in the appropriate location (say, by virtue of the spelling, as in city, or by virtue of being related to another form of the word, such as betting being a form of the verb bet),

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... inflectional morpheme relates the word to the rest of the construction, motivating a position on the very periphery of the word. The periphery is a precarious spot, and the grammatical categories ... not have the capacity to change the meaning or the syntactic class of the words it is bound to and will have a predictable meaning for all such words. Thus, the present tense will mean the same ... hold fast to the notion of the ‘‘aspectual pair’’) believe that the paradigm of a verb includes both perfective and imperfective forms, relegating aspect to the realm of inflection. Others would

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... solve it by first classifying the various parts of the problem. Therefore, the history of all branches of science is also a history of how these sciences have classified their research subject. ‘‘Classifi- ... Brugman, Claudia. 1981. Story of Over. MA thesis, University of California at Berkeley. (Published as The story of Over: Polysemy, semantics, and the structure of the lexicon. New York: Garland, 1988) ... word-formation 671 of the relationship between the composite meaning and the meaning of the constituents, but also of the metaphorical or metonymic relationship that holds between the literal and

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... bringing up the rear is the cart of saving. The horse is larger the greater the level of investment, and the larger the horse the larger the cart of savings it can support. The writer here uses the surface ... in this scheme of things is to put the cart before the horse. The horse is the growth of national income, propelled by the level of spending, the harness linking horse and cart the financial system, ... meanings of the phrase flew off the handle because of their familiarity with this expression (Gibbs 1992). People readily interpret the figurative meanings of idioms faster than they do either paraphrases

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... domains. The process of metaphorical extension involves imposition of an image schema, which is the basis of our understanding of the meaning of a lexical item, to a new situation for the purpose of ... responsible for creating the polysemy found in language (Brugman 1981) on the synchronic level. New uses emerge out of extensions of aspects of the meaning of a lexical item to a new context, which ... meaningless. One of the aspects of semantic change of relational grams involves a shift from describing an objective situation to representing a construal of the situation from the point of view of a conceptualizer,

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... bragging constitute the trajector of the clause; they only differ in that the former is nominal and the former processual. As the by-phrase may be the source of energy bringing about a new object or ... event. In other words, the antipassive indicates that the action is not fully carried out since there is a certain degree of difficulty for the Agent to have the intended effect on the object ... proximate, and the less topical as obviate. In the active direct clause, the Agent is the proximate and the Patient is the obviate. The inverse is used when there is a topicality switch; that is, the Patient

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... and the zone of the mundane is in the middle. The men’s house in the upper part of the clearing and the shrine above are symbolic mirror images of the menstrual hut in the lower part of the clearing, ... other words, one might also say that the German speakers were placing the real objects within their view maps of the scene. Where the speaker of English might say Slide it so the button type of ... influenced by the conventional and prelinguistic uses of containers, the arrangement of objects, and the repertoire of orientational schemas and maps. These and other findings weaken the case for the strong

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... sample of the world’s languages (or rather, against the facts of the linguistic behavior of users of a representative sample of languages from all over the world). In practice, however, the use of ... example, the satellite out expresses the motion (the path), and the main verb expresses the manner of the motion; in Spanish, it is the main verb which expresses the motion (again the path), and the ... 222). One of the notions central to Croft’s Radical Construction Grammar is that of the ‘‘semantic map.’’ The idea comes from typology, but as the title of the intro- ductory chapter to the present

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 01:20

... to the surface of another without absorption. An example is adsorption of water to the surface of a dielectric. This term is often con- fused with ABSORPTION because the spellings of the two words ... determina- tion of current of large dimension, or of the size of the ampere. ampere-hour Abbreviations: Ah, amp-hr. The quantity of electricity that passes through a cir- cuit in one hour when the rate of ... type of radar, the sync delay introduced between trans- mission of the pulse and start of the trace on the indicator screen to eliminate the altitude circle in the display. ALU Abbreviation of...

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 13:20

... energy, on account of the motion of the source and/or the detecting apparatus. 3. A small displacement in the appar- ent positions of the stars from month to month on account of the earth’s orbital ... modifying only the address part of an instruction. address field In a computer, the part of the in- struction that gives the address of a bit of data (or a word) in the memory. address generation The programmed ... electrical action of the cell, as distinguished from the sup- porting material of the plates themselves. 2. A ra- dioactive substance. 3. The phosphor coating of a cathode-ray tube screen. 4. The material...

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 13:20