the other genome in the human genome

... sequences contained in any of their strain members For the 216-probe set, the minimum number of probes differentiating a DENV-1 strain from the all other strains belonging to one of the three other serotypes ... contained in any of the other dengue genomes considered) 402 Fig Distribution of the percentage of human- blind 22-mers per genome that are unique (i.e not contained in any of the other dengue genomes ... refer to the sequences that are present in the genome of interest and absent from the host genome as being ‘host-blind’ (human- blind, mosquito-blind, mouseblind, rat-blind, etc.) sequences The greater...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 11:20

... each internal exon compared to the other exons in the transcript The lowest 10% were considered spliced out and the others to be spliced in The top 10% were identified as highly expressed for the ... [GEO:GSE16190] The sequencing reads were extended to the average size of fragments in the library [35] and the number of overlapping sequence tags was obtained at 200-bp intervals across the human genome The ... exon inclusion into mature transcripts The main- tenance of these marks in coding exons might be assisted by DNA sequence conservation, as indicated by the observation that coding sequences in the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:22

... is called the ‘cooling’ model; otherwise, if the beginning hot allele frequency was 0%, it is called the ‘heating’ model Both cooling and heating models were simulated For all the combinations ... repairing a small region (called the tract) from the chromosome that initiates a double-strand break by copying from the other chromosome At the center of the tract was the breakpoint of the crossover, ... [32] and the variation in the zinc finger array of the Prdm9 gene can explain only about 18% of variation in human recombination phenotype [38], it is unlikely that the 13-mer motif and the Prdm9...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:23

... element recombining with other Alus in the gene The Y-subfamily is young and therefore shows lower than average divergence relative to other genomic Alus, which might explain its high recombination ... any of the pathways influencing the L1 lifecycle are more vulnerable to insult from TEs Thus, to evaluate the impact of these elements on the stability of the human genome and human disease, it ... take into account their cumulative activity in a specific genetic background as well as the potential modulating effects of the extracellular environment The increasing ease of sequencing genomes...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:20

... submicroscopic inverted sequences [21] The majority of the nine visible inversions occurred along the chimpanzee lineage, but inversions on chromosomes and 18 are specific to the human lineage These findings ... are counted, there are a total of 479 inversions in the database Figure  shows an overview of the current inversions reported in the human genome The inversions are found across the size spectrum ... of inversion variants in the human genome The blue lines in this ideogram show the human chromosomal distribution of the 479 non-redundant inversion variants reported in the Database of Genomic...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:20

... fusion like the syncytin genes [2628] and iii) a hypothesized role in preventing the immune response against the developing embryo by means of the immunosuppressive domain [52] Two seemingly intact ... mutation or a single insertion-deletion event Within our list of intact or almost-intact viral ORFs in the human genome, we detect only a single gag gene and two pol genes that are not from the HERV-K ... provirus (DNA) integrated in the host genome A: Genomic A: Genomic organization of simple retroviruses when present as a provirus (DNA) integrated in the host genome The regulatory long terminal repeats...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... RBPSUH (Recombining Binding Protein SUppressor of Hairless), which is a J kapparecombination signal-binding protein We further explored the biological properties of the associated genes at the significance ... detects human lineage-specific acceleration relative to the chimpanzee, and the identification of ANC sequences is mutually exclusive in the two species, which is not the case in the two other studies ... confirm the validity of the obtained results Two recent studies [18,19] have also described ANC sequences in the human genome A total of 37 of the 202 human accelerated regions (HARs; 18%) in the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 07:21

... across the human genome, and to integrate indels into SNP marker maps in order to aid in the identification of natural genetic variation Recent theoretical work has considered the distribution of indels ... bases and the flanking five bases on either side of the indel to exceed a minimum Phred quality score of 22 If these minima were not met, then the indel was not reported For this study, indels and ... of time [3] The solid line represents the fit from a cubic smoothing spline, whereas the dashed line is the fit from a robust linear regression Genome Biology 2007, 8:R180 http://genomebiology.com/2007/8/9/R180...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... experience Between the receptor and the change in membrane voltage that signals the presence of an odor to the brain lies a complex biochemical pathway, and mutations in any of the proteins in this pathway ... receptor called OR7D4 gave the strongest response, suggesting that this is the high-affinity androstenone receptor in humans Polymorphisms in OR7D4 were then identified in 391 individuals and two nonsynonymous ... intact and a pseudogene form in different individuals Menashe et al [11] genotyped 51 odor receptor loci in 189 individuals of several ethnic origins to screen for SNPs that distinguish the intact...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... reported the presence of in vitro antisense synthesis in their cDNA preparations [25] These findings indicate that much antisense transcription is due to in vitro synthesis and not in vivo cDNA synthesis, ... nontranscribed regions of the genome, demonstrating that much of the genome is transcribed Overall, these studies significantly enhance our understanding of the transcriptome of the human genome Results ... homologous to other proteins in GenBank A small fraction (two out of 27) of these is spliced Additional studies of the entire human genome are thus likely to expand the number of protein coding genes...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... identified a hotspot initially inferred from the observed nonuniform distribution of recombination within the human ␤-globin gene cluster [15,16] These and other AHR hotspots cluster within small regions ... distribution of recombination events (in other words, a hotspot-like pattern of recombination) occurs throughout the human genome [6,10] Furthermore, the local positions of recombination hotspots ... fine-scale variation in recombination rates across the human genome Nat Genet 2004, 36:700-706 Hurles ME, Willey D, Matthews L, Hussain SS: Origins of chromosomal rearrangement hotspots in the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... conservation at the genome- wide level They are following up on their findings by screening hypersensitive sites in multiple cell types (such as the ones listed on the ENCODE website [http://www .genome. gov/10005107]) ... sequencing to map them onto the genome, and integrated the resulting maps with the University of California at Santa Cruz (UCSC) genome browser [http:/ /genome. ucsc.edu] for visualization They found ... is seeking to maximize its potential by focusing on a well defined subset of the human genome and incorporating computational tools for correlating multiple datasets Beyond simply cataloging functional...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... elements in the human genome In this scenario, dsRNA duplexes in pre-mRNAs would be edited by the ADAR in the nucleus, but other kinds of mRNA processing and function would be largely unaffected The ... of the adenosines (A) on each strand being deaminated to I in an almost random fashion These edited RNAs are not destined for translation in the cytoplasm; editing may lead to a number of distinct ... be edited (Figure 2b) The authors [9] went one step further in this analysis - instead of examining existing cDNA sequences for evidence of editing, they asked whether the existence of oppositely...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... illustrating the major components involved in REST-mediated local chromatin remodeling and their relationships to our findings A schematic diagram illustrating the major components involved in REST-mediated ... after taking into consideration the information in our controls, we concluded that much of the reduction in H3K9ac was in fact a direct consequence of REST binding (Figure 3) Further investigation ... comparison, the zoom -in profiles for the four RE1 groups and their controls are re-drawn in the bottom panels The color scheme and line style in the bottom panels apply to Figures 5-7 The x-axis shows the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 21:20

... Having closed three gaps on chromosome 15, we sought to determine how many other gaps in the genome might be closable by this method In NCBI human build 36 there are 260 remaining gaps (excluding ... identified, or because the intervening sequences did not propagate well in the cloning vectors used We note that despite intense finishing efforts by the sequencing centres to capture all human gene models, ... here, we propose they remain gaps because they contain sequences recalcitrant to the standard bacterial cloning methods used for libraries in the HGP The human genome still contains 127 class III...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 21:20

... sequences in other parts of the genome They are abundant in the human genome and covers almost 50% of the human genome (Treangen et al., 2012) Table 2.2 summarises repeat type, number, percentage of genome ... variant?” In 44 Figure 5.1a, when the breakpoints of the two variants match perfectly, there is no doubt in calling them the same variant In Figure 5.1b, the breakpoints are different but the two ... (Handsaker et al., 2011) Genome STRiP is one of the highest performing method used in the 1000 Genomes pilot Project, indicating that there is benefit in combining different approaches (Mills et al.,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:14

... conserved in human, mouse and several other mammals, and one CNE was determined to regulate the expression of cytokine genes interleukin-4, interleukin-13 and interleukin-5 located in the same ... the protein-bound DNA sample missing bands in DNA sites (“footprints”) where the protein has bound and protected them from cleavage To identify the binding sites, the positions of the footprints ... 2002) Of these functional sequences, 1.5% is accounted for by protein-coding genes and the remaining 3.5% is functional noncoding sequence Functional noncoding elements in the human genome include...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:08

... It included mapping and sequencing the genomes of human organisms, storing this information in databases, improving tools for data analysis, transferring related technologies, and addressing the ... directed the NIH National Human Genome Research Institute efforts During the 13 years, important contributions also came from other collaborators around the world, including United Kingdom, France, ... China and Japan [3] Why genome is so important? We know that a genome is the entire DNA in an organism, including its genes Genes carry information for making all the proteins, which determine...

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2015, 22:37

... PRDX5 in silencing of the transcription of heterochromatin Discussion In this study we found that PRDX5 gene expression in cultured human A549 cells as well as in several other human cell lines ... affected in KD-1 cells No change in the abundance of b-actin gene transcripts or of transcripts containing Alu or LINE1 sequences was found in the KD-1 clone, but a significant increase in the abundance ... [21] As NRF2 sites in the PRDX5 promoter may be involved in the maintenance of constitutive expression of PRDX5 in the absence of oxidative stress, we examined whether it can be inhibited by specific...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20

... protein, how can one determine whether it contains any functional domains of interest? What other proteins contain the same functional domains as this protein? How can one determine whether there ... encouraged the notion of making the scientific literature freely accessible through the Internet The contribution of scientists in many countries to the sequencing of many genomes, including the human genome, ... leading the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (IHGSC) to pursue a staged approach in sequencing the human genome The first stage generated draft sequence across the entire genome1 The...

Ngày tải lên: 10/04/2014, 10:58