the objective c standard library

... introduction of the general concepts and the utilities that the library uses Then, I describe all the components, each in one or more chapters The first component is the standard template library ... to C+ + and the Standard Library provides a brief overview of the history of the C+ + standard library and the context of its standardization and introduces the concept of complexity • Chapter 3: ... detailed introduction to the concept of the STL, which provides container classes and algorithms that are used to process collections of data The chapter explains step-by-step the concept, the problems,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... hide the implicit copy constructor If the type matches exactly, the implicit copy constructor is generated and called For example: template class MyClass { public: //copy constructor ... 12 describe "simple" individual standard classes: • Chapter 10: Special Containers This chapter describes the different special container classes of the C+ + standard library It covers the container ... Standard Library • Chapter 12: Numerics This chapter describes the numeric components of the C+ + standard library In particular, it covers types for complex numbers and classes for the processing...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 14:11

... • Chapter 2: Introduction to C+ + and the Standard Library provides a brief overview of the history of the C+ + standard library and the context of its standardization and introduces the concept ... presenting the contents of this book One was on the order of the C+ + standard However, this is not the best way to explain the components of the C+ + standard library from scratch Another approach was ... develop all code from scratch Now, with the second standard, called C+ +11 (see Section 2.1, page 7, for the detailed history of C+ + standards), we have a huge C+ + standard library whose specification...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 14:11

... hide the implicit copy constructor If the type matches exactly, the implicit copy constructor is generated and called For example: template class MyClass { public: //copy constructor ... 12 describe "simple" individual standard classes: • Chapter 10: Special Containers This chapter describes the different special container classes of the C+ + standard library It covers the container ... Standard Library • Chapter 12: Numerics This chapter describes the numeric components of the C+ + standard library In particular, it covers types for complex numbers and classes for the processing...

Ngày tải lên: 09/07/2014, 21:14

... Boost.Crc The Crc library provides calculations of cyclic redundancy codes (CRC), a commonly used checksum type A CRC is attached to a stream of data (from which it is computed), so the checksum can ... validate the data The library includes four sample CRC types: crc_16_type, crc_ccitt_type, crc_xmodem_type, and crc_32_type5 The author of Crc is Daryle Walker Boost.Date_time The Date_time library ... Boost.Conversion The Conversion library contains functions that augment the existing cast operators (static_cast, const_cast, and dynamic_cast) Conversion adds polymorphic_cast and polymorphic_downcast...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2016, 14:45

... included in the possible set of characters; for simplicity and accuracy the set of characters omitted are listed) no lower-case file scope objects block scope objects function parameters function ... Usability factors include the cognitive resources needed to process an identifier and the semantic associations they evoke, all in the context in which they occur in the visible source (a more ... known as the Ranschburg effect occurs.[574] If occurrences of the same letter are separated by other letters, hrtrb, recall performance for the duplicate letter is reduced (compared to the situation...

Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2013, 19:15

... 6.4.4.4 Character constants ’ c- char-sequence ’ L’ c- char-sequence ’ c- char-sequence: c- char c- char-sequence c- char c- char: any member of the source character set except the single-quote ’, backslash ... as the 8-bit control codes (what it calls C0 and C1 ) Most of the UCNs with values less than 00A0 represent characters in the basic source character set The exceptions listed enumerate characters ... significant characters specified by the standard, or can a greater number of characters be considered significant? Readers not always carefully check all characters in the spelling of an identifier The...

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 10:15

... specifies the type of the allocated object The C library is also included in the C+ + Standard, providing access to the malloc and calloc library functions (which not contain a mechanism for specifying ... greater accuracy However, in some cases the accuracy of the complete calculation may be decreased The issues associated with contracting an expression are discussed elsewhere 968 The FP_CONTRACT pragma ... array of character type, then the effective type of the modified object for that access and for subsequent accesses that not modify the value is the effective type of the object from which the value...

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 10:15

... which the result is not an integer constant all involve constructs that are new in C9 9 C+ + Like C9 0, the C+ + Standard specifies that the result is a constant The cases where the result is not a constant ... that of the object being assigned to There are also contexts (e.g., the conditional operator) where implicit conversions occur 1296 constraints 1266 C9 0 C+ + The C+ + Standard words its specification ... runtime checks sometimes issue a diagnostic when such an event occurs (Some vendors have concluded that their customers would not accept the high performance penalty incurred in performing this check,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 08:15

... parenthesized value is the percentage of all occurrences of the context that contains the operator) Based on the visible form of the c files Context | other contexts while control-expression for control-expression ... difference may result in values being accessed from registers in C9 0 while they will be accessed from storage in C9 9 C+ + The C+ + Standard explicitly specifies the behavior for creating a composite ... on whether the two pointers have compatible types Given the declarations const void *c_ vp; void *vp; const int *c_ ip; volatile int *v_ip; int *ip; const char *c_ cp; the third column in the following...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 08:15

... sufficient to change to any associated object declarations) In practice the bulk of the costs associated with such a change are created by the need to modify the operators used to access the object ... visible, a declaration of U_1 */ C9 0 The C9 9 Standard more clearly specifies the intended behavior, which had to be inferred in the C9 0 Standard C+ + The C+ + Standard specifies this behavior for class ... syntax C+ + The term tag is not used in C+ +, which calls the equivalent construct a class name Table 1463.1: Occurrence of types declared with tag names (as a percentage of all occurrences of each...

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 15:15

... object is new in C9 9 C+ + The concept of current object is new in C9 9 and is not specified in the C+ + Standard It is not needed because the ordering of the initializer is specified (and the complications ... necessary conditions for two function declarations to be compatible The second condition is specified in the following C sentence C+ + The C+ + Standard does not define the concept of compatible ... benefit in block scope Block scope definitions that include the static storage-class specifier have no linkage and may contain 435 no linkage block scope object an initializer C+ + The C+ + Standard does...

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 15:15

... increasing the complexity of the flow of control) and can increase the probability that the comprehension process reaches the wrong conclusion (unlike other constructs that change the flow of control, ... the use of the integer constant rather than the character constant ’\0’, on the grounds of improved reader recognition performance The character constant ’\0’ is the most commonly occurring character ... of the dynamically executed branches executed by burg Static count is the total number of conditional branch instructions in the program image Of the 17,565 static branch sites, 69 branches account...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 09:15

... C= { c a B }} rescan A={ a b c a b a C= { c a B={ B C A }}} paint A={ a b c a b a C= { c a B={ b c a }}} A={ a b c a b a C= { c a b c a }} A={ a b c a b a c a b c a } 25 26 simplify a b c a b a c ... might be searched first, followed by the contents of the directory containing the c file, while in "q-char-sequence" case the contents of the directory containing the c file might be searched first, ... occurs because the ## operator does not cross replacement boundaries C9 0 The explicitly using the concept of a placemarker preprocessing token is new in C9 9 C+ + The explicit concept of a placemarker...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 09:15

... Introduction Execution environment Stage Fetch Fetch Fetch Fetch Fetch Decode Decode Decode Decode Decode Execute Execute Execute Execute Memory access Memory access Memory access Write back Stage ... calculated The general principles driving the discussion that occurs in these coding guidelines subsections include: the more practice people have performing some activity the better they become ... ISO C+ + Standard meeting There is a close association between C and C+ + and the aim of this subsection is the same as the C9 0 one: document the differences Other Languages The choice of other languages...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 07:20

... provide the correct answer In fact as subjects’ confidence increased, the accuracy of the calibration of their own ability went down Once they had seen the question, and answered it, subjects were ... in the selection of an objective or in the specification of the means to achieve it, irrespective of whether the actions directed by this decision-scheme run according to plan Mistakes are further ... process In this case, the effect seen will match that of an SbS process A recency effect occurs when the most recent evidence is given greater weight than earlier evidence A primacy effect occurs...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 07:20

... There is no check that the value maps to a character in the execution character set Characters in the source character set, which are not in the execution character set, are often mapped to the ... replaced by one space character 126 Commentary white space 780 significant The C committee had to choose how many space characters a comment was converted into, including zero The zero case had the ... optional construct, feature test macros C9 0 The C9 0 Standard did not contain any conditional constructs C+ + IEC 60559 29 The C+ + Standard also contains optional constructs However, testing for the...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 07:20

... character A character that modifies a base character, the ô above, is known as a combining character (the visible form of some combining characters are called diacritic characters) Most character ... the extended multibyte character source contain character set Commentary The mapping from physical source file multibyte characters to the source character set occurs in translation phase Whether ... semantics for them in source code (they are usually mapped exactly from the source to the execution character set) Java defines the same control characters as C and gives them their equivalent Ascii...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 07:20

... the C9 9 Standard C+ + There is no such macro, or requirement specified in the C+ + Standard Other Languages The specification of the Java base conversions is poor Common Implementations Experience ... namespace, local, function prototype, and class A C declaration at file scope is said to have namespace scope or global scope in C+ + A C declaration with block scope is said to have local scope in C+ + ... Lisp, base the terms inner scope and outer scope on a time-of-creation basis rather than lexically textual occurrence in the source code Coding Guidelines The discussion of the impact of scope on...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 07:20

... +∞ − i∗∞ The library functions creal and cimag provide direct access to these components C+ + Clause 26.2.3 lists the first parameter of the complex constructor as the real part and the second parameter ... duplicates the wording in footnote 28 515 The three types char, signed char, and unsigned char are collectively called the character types Commentary This defines the term character types C+ + Clause ... from the occasional surprise, this incorrect assumption does not appear to have any undesirable consequences Example char p _c, *p_p _c = &p _c; signed char s _c, *p_s _c = &s _c; unsigned char u _c, ...

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 07:20