the neuroendocrine perspective the control of appetite and energy expenditure

... cord than in the brain because of the characteristics of the circulation of the CSF from the ventricles to the spinal subarachnoid space The effective distribution volume of intrathecally administered ... implanted for the relief of severe lower limb spasticity and flexor spasms The goals then are improved comfort and wheelchair posture, Intrathecal baclofen for the control of spinal and supraspinal ... dose should be used if the patient is not on oral baclofen, in case of sensitivity If the response to the initial trial is Intrathecal baclofen for the control of spinal and supraspinal spasticity...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 10:20

... roles of PrRP in the control of stress responses may depend upon the nature of stressful stimuli used Stressful stimuli affect food intake and increase energy expenditure On the other hand, food ... meals and the induction of energy consumption Energy homeostasis and stress interact with each other Stress affects food intake and energy expenditure On the other hand, energy balance conditions ... in the brainstem and hypothalamus, and induce neuroendocrine and behavioral responses Food intake also activates the brainstem and hypothalamus, resulting in the termination of meals and the...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 21:20

... early studies of our group and others, the transcriptional regulatory sequences of the H19 and IGF2 genes emerged as candidates for cancer targeted therapy H19 and IGF2 (the human P3 and P4 promoters) ... and orthotopic bladder tumor models The activity of the double promoter vector was tested and compared to the activity of the single promoter vectors The results showed enhanced activity of the ... cycles of 94°C for 30 sec, 59°C for 45 sec and 72°C for 60 sec, and finally 72°C for The PCR reactions were carried out in 25 μl volumes in the presence of ng/μl of each of the forward and the reverse...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... rather the use of the services, as measured by expenditures The impacts of the private port at Mundra in Kuchchh were different from the impacts of road and electricity improvements Although these ... Hypotheses of reduced energy costs for the poor and decreased pressure on woodlands were rejected Findings on most other energy hypotheses, including impacts on farm and nonfarm incomes of the ... obtained in other Asian countries or in other parts of the world The evidence is not sufficient to reject the null hypothesis that the poor and the nonpoor benefit proportionately Transport and energy...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 07:20

... rather the use of the services, as measured by expenditures The impacts of the private port at Mundra in Kuchchh were different from the impacts of road and electricity improvements Although these ... Hypotheses of reduced energy costs for the poor and decreased pressure on woodlands were rejected Findings on most other energy hypotheses, including impacts on farm and nonfarm incomes of the ... obtained in other Asian countries or in other parts of the world The evidence is not sufficient to reject the null hypothesis that the poor and the nonpoor benefit proportionately Transport and energy...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... needed to further explore the results of the country studies and to further develop the policy and operational implications of the research This work was completed by April 2004 and is reflected ... formed the basis for a knowledge gap analysis and the formulation of proposals for the field research, described in Chapter The study team identified research on the impact of transportation and energy ... Chapter and more fully in the Appendix A complete list of the studies reviewed is given in the Bibliography The findings of the project review are reported in Chapter The literature and project...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... lack of opportunity: it is often due to disconnection, often geographical, from the wider economy and society (Datt and Ravallion 2002, Jalan and Ravallion 2002) The provision of infrastructure and ... Analysis of Projects (ADB 1997) requires an analysis of the distribution of project effects (costs and benefits) among different groups, and a calculation of the proportion of net benefits going to the ... physical and social infrastructure, including provision of basic services that will benefit the poor… As the role of the private sector expands, that of the government should shift from owner and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... systems and scale urban works having optimal impact on the employincreasing the operational and end-user efficiency of enment and incomes of the poor, and through the promotion ergy and water ... investment to the area and supported the growth of township and village enterprises, including tourism Although the northeastern PRC is generally low in poverty, poor people from other parts of the country ... interacting areas in the rural economy: • the production and service sectors, • the institutional and social service sectors, and • the household sector In the production and service sectors, the anticipated...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... change, the impacts of changes in service provision, the impacts of transport modes other than roads, the impacts of energy sources other than electricity, and • the impacts of transport and energy ... in the design of every case study Participation of the poor, together with other stakeholders, in the design and implementation of transport and energy projects is another important aspect of the ... PRC The results of this study are reported in the Thailand country study (Chapter 6) Crosscutting Themes The central theme of the proposed research program is the impact of transport and energy...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... transport and energy infrastructure, quality and intensity of infrastructure, transport and energy expenditures, and value of transport and energy assets Other categories include household size and ... represented 30% of the sample However, these were not always the same households About 30% of the nonpoor by an income standard were poor by the asset-based standard, and about 30% of the nonpoor ... surprisingly, the poor spend less than the nonpoor on both transport and energy However, the expenditures of the poor on transport and energy are significantly higher as a percentage of their income...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... help the Thailand study team to map some of the features of their village to and use of transport and energy services in greater detail The third module asked about perceptions of the impacts of ... were work either of the other two groups They also had the most trips, and the greatest share were made by walking, followed assets and the highest debts, and gained a higher share of by own motorcycles ... favor of either the poor or the nonpoor However, it is a general fact that both roads and electricity were often provided to the better-off households in the villages before the rest of the villagers...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... employment of the poor The strategy explicitly proposes cuts in irrigation and energy subsidies and privatization of the power sector to reduce the unsustainable debt of the poorer states and to ... Power to review the situation and make policy recommendations The main lines of the proposed reform included unbundling energy services and privatizing them where possible The role of the SEBs was ... households were farmers, while 39% of the poor households and 24% of the nonpoor households were agricultural wage laborers, and 17% of the poor households and 10% of the nonpoor households were nonagricultural...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... advantage of them They see the benefits of reduced transport costs reflected in the prices of their products and of the goods they purchase, as well as in the increased presence of traders and service ... measures of the depth of poverty (average distance of the per capita income of poor households from the poverty line), the severity of poverty (squared poverty gap), and a measure of inequality (the ... considerable extent on the quality of services provided The responsiveness of these services to the needs of the poor is partly a function of public policy and partly one of political culture and institutional...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... developed for measuring the poverty reduction impacts of transport and energy projects On the other hand, the overall approach of examining the poverty impacts of transport and energy interventions ... aspects of infrastructure The study also shows that the quality and reliability of transport and energy services is just as important as the availability of infrastructure, for the poor as well as the ... choice of technology in road construction and energy generation as a policy issue This is rather surprising in the light of the widespread use of labor-intensive methods of road construction, and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... least two of the country case studies (the People’s Republic of China [PRC] and Thailand) demonstrate their importance In the case of Thailand, long-distance travel patterns reveal the role played ... particularly valuable in examining the effects of transport and energy interventions, and resulting time savings, on the lives of the poor In all of these studies, data collection and analysis should be ... involving the poor themselves, to identify and quantify such indirect benefits and their effects on the lives of the poor Policy and Operational Implications 207 not suffer in consequence At the same...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... thinking in the area of resettlement policy and planning focuses on early identification of risks such as loss of land, loss of employment, loss of shelter, loss of food security and other health ... building the asset base (physical, human, and social) of the poor However, the report also points out that the effects of transport improvements on the livelihoods of the poor depend on both the broader ... adequate account of the needs and requirements of the rural poor The transport needs of the rural poor are largely for the movement of small loads over relatively short distances Much of this is “on-farm”...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 10:23

... influence the energy consumption in each of these buildings They are the age of the building, size of the building, envelope construction, weather conditions, efficiency of the equipments and hot ... sum of these three actions The distinct effect of these three terms causes the most important stimulus for the survival of the PID control mechanism, and it also committed to the evolution of ... the present offset; (ii) integral term depends on the accumulation of past errors; and (iii) derivative term predicts the future offsets based on the current rate of change of the process A control...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:32

... system, in the distal segment of the tubule Inhibition of glucose reabsorption in the kidney, mediated by the SGLT cotransport system, represents a promising therapeutic target for the control of hyperglycemia ... hydrolysis-resistant, synthetic S-analogs of natural O-glucosides involved in the biosynthesis of chrysomelidial and salicin These substances are synthesized and secreted as part of a defense mechanism ... consider because they are not hydrolysed by β-glucosidases in the intestine and can be administered orally [27] Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of some thioglycosides...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 10:04

... instar larvae and 3-day old pupae were used The main component of one of the oils was pulegone and of the other is not yet totally identified, and it is called SEM76 In space fumigation, these two ... were found to be the most potent fumigants of all oils tested The main component of one of the oils is pulegone The other is not yet identified and it is called SEM76 (Shaaya and Kostyukovsky, ... because of the pesticidal properties of these chemicals (Fenwick at al., 1983) and because of the potential use of methyl ITC as fumigant for wheat (Ducom, 1994) In our study on the rates of sorption...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 05:20

... kinetics and use of nonthermal alternative processes.31 Most notably, as a part of the Þve-year contract between the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) and the FDA, a scientiÞc review of these ... postharvest handling, washing, and cooling and storage PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN THE ORCHARD Contamination of fruits with feces of animals such as deer,8 seagulls,9 and cattle and other ruminants10 in the ... other things, the cost of equipment and effectiveness of the process.41 While a few processes are at or near production scale, many are pilot scale and need further development Also, most of these...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 21:20