the nature of science is such that
Metaphor, based on the association of similarity, is one of the two basic types of semantic transference that have been an interest for many linguistic researchers
... what part the language is playing, what it is that the participants are expecting the language to do for them in that situation, the symbolic organisation of the text, the status that it has, ... nature of the social action that is taking place: what is it that the participants are engaged in, in which the language is an essential component?+ The TENOR OF DISCOURSE concerns who is taking ... is thus a theory of the global distribution of the units of the grammar. The English grammatical rank scale recognized by Systemic Functional Grammar is as follows: In turn, each unit has their...
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Ideas Into Words Mastering The Craft Of Science Writing
... all of them, or al-most all. This is going to be awful!—an old-fashioned epi-demic like none of us has ever seen!” The better the scien-tist, the larger the scruple and the more he insisted ... for this book is available from the British Library.would go no further—“30 percent; we cannot say morethan 30 percent”—till they were sure I had the message.Then they would shut the of ce ... rethink this, Rob. And I’d say, No, it’s fine the way it is. Rob, do you think the reader wants to know allthis? Rob, what is it, really, that you want to say?Most of the time, of course, Elise was...
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Mastering the craft of science writing part 17
... that, it’s no wonder that many of us tenseup when we sit down to write. But fortunately, the How of writing is not the heart of the matter, and we all once knew it.Since you are reading this ... grips with the material. They are deer in the headlights.Paraphrasing for someone like me helps them learn that they can figure it out, because I won’t let them off the hooktill they hazard ... and polish (alwaysfun, the exercise of craft), then start a new segment on that momentum. The next day I could start by polishing yester-day’s rough edges, and so it went. But to achieve that...
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Mastering the craft of science writing part 4
... all of them, or al-most all. This is going to be awful!—an old-fashioned epi-demic like none of us has ever seen!” The better the scien-tist, the larger the scruple and the more he insisted ... to much of today’s research is mistaken or incomplete.Furthermore, the longer you live, the more of the “facts” inyour head will be erroneous. Science keeps moving and the Todal takes the hindmost, ... you to say this maxim several times: The reader is smart. The reader is smart. The reader is smart. . . . ”“Fifty percent of everything I am teaching you is wrong. The trouble is, I don’t know...
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History and Nature of Science
... again, so the scientist looks at nature and tries to understand it. The curiosityCHAPTERHistory and Nature of Science IN THIS chapter, you will read about what drives science, the nature of scientific ... facts is first observed. The theories arethen developed by looking for more facts that fit into the theory and by modifying the theory to include or explain the facts that do not fit.BeliefsOne of ... havediscovered the true nature of their planet, have observedother galaxies, and have landed on the moon. The im-mense progress people have made in science is wellexpressed in this quote:“The...
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Tài liệu Unit 5: The nature of things ppt
... to existing words (the base or root) to form new words is common in academic English. Prefixes are added to the front of the base (like dislike), whereas suffixes are added to the end of the ... of Philip Island are very small, as can be seen in the photograph. They are also a tourist attraction. They walk along the same pathways from the sea to their nests every morning, and tourists ... change the class of the base word, but suffixes usually do change the class of the word. The most common prefixes used to form new verbs in academic English are: re-, dis-, over-, un-, mis-,...
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Tài liệu Mastering the craft of science writing part 1 pdf
... the page, gathered it togetherwith one or two others and, still not looking up, passedthem to me. It was a short essay for the Johns Hopkins Maga-zine, which she edited, but this was one of ... 2002011065A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library.As I stepped into her of ce, I found Elise in her deskchair, bent over a page of manuscript rolled up into hertypewriter. ... Cataloging-in-Publication DataHancock, Elise.Ideas into words: mastering the craft of science writing / Elise Hancock.p. cm.ISBN 0-8018-7329-0 — ISBN 0-8018-7330-41. Technical writing. I....
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Tài liệu Mastering the craft of science writing part 2 pdf
... education, or interest in it. Science writers and editors needn’t start off knowingmuch science. Some of the best of them do, but some of the best of them don’t. They must, though, be able to ... and shake off the high intimidation quotient of adense, jargon-laden article in the Proceedings of the National Acad-emy of Sciences. Elise was a member of this breed; she was anEnglish major ... in the pages of this book. I speaknow not of such matters of common sense and good profes-sional practice as double-checking names, though thesecount, too. But rather of a rich sensibility of...
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Tài liệu Mastering the craft of science writing part 3 docx
... part of learning, so much so that ani-mal trainers count on them. They call them “prelearningtemper tantrums,” because the frustration means that the creature is about to get it.Neurologists ... that s the way animals learn, including human ones. The harder the firing ,the stronger the pathway. That is why memo-ries from combat or other trauma can remain so vivid andtrip so easily. The ... way.This affinity is one reason that I believe you will find iteasy to work with scientists. The other is that the two groupsshare a goal, helping the public know what science does andwhy it matters....
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Tài liệu Mastering the craft of science writing part 5 doc
... professionalnetwork as well, but the network is the least of the gift, be-cause a so-called “network” is really more like a tribe. If youare the right breed of cat for your mentor’s tribe, the ... it up abit—then this’ll be yellow.”What I love about this story is the way it captures both the light and dark sides of the trait. People so curious they mustalways check out the obvious, ... had discovered that experts do not,in fact, follow the rules they will give you if you ask whythey do what they do. Rather, experts are persons to whomevery case is a special case because they’ve...
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Tài liệu Mastering the craft of science writing part 6 pptx
... you get the picture.Spot what appeals to the visual sense. Today’s technology lets uslook at everything from the eyes of flies to the birth of stars,from the bottom of the ocean to the everyday ... whole class of story ideas arrives from the otherdirection: from outside the world of research, in the form of a question, observation, or piece of news.To under-stand the phenomenon then brings ... gettingenthused.First of all, get out of your own way. Remember that youIdeasintoWords30 The challenge is twofold: not only to see the important item,buried as it is among other research “news” that will...
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Tài liệu Mastering the craft of science writing part 7 ppt
... it. The beauty of case studies is that they carry the readeralong on the wings of story, to which you can append pods of explanation as needed. At the same time, they anchor is- sues in the ... needs. For example: the Insured, the Uninsured, the Doctor, the Insurance Company, the Taxpayer, the Hospital, the Residents and Medical Stu-dents, the Medical Teachers, the Makers of Medical Parapher-nalia ... expertiseto the table .The science writer knows how to translate science for the public, while the scientist knows the sci-ence. Whenever you start writing about any particular piece of research,...
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Tài liệu Mastering the craft of science writing part 8 pptx
... to the science. Simple can be best, especially if time is short. For example:“I have studied the material you sent me, and it seems to me the heart of the matter is [FILL IN THE BLANK]. Is that ... have that missing background to give the readers (or to artfully write around). The next time youcover this discipline, you’ll be that much better off.An omnium-gatherum of question ideas: The ... interpretation? What is the cen-tral issue?What was the biggest surprise you got in this work?How did you first get the idea?What comes next? Is the next experiment already clear to you?What is the next...
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Tài liệu Mastering the craft of science writing part 9 pptx
... lotby osmosis. Science, the journal of the American Association for the Ad-vancement of Science, is also weekly, and its front section of science news is without peer. Because it is a scientific ... inter-views, the machine took enough attention that my rapportwith the other person suffered, plus I often lost track of the content. The problem is that, when I’m typing at the speed of speech, the ... don’t understand” is an honorableadmission, one that is made daily, because it is the basis of all scientific investigation. To ask the right question, youmust first realize that you don’t understand.Be...
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Tài liệu Mastering the craft of science writing part 10 doc
... relevant. The key issue, in this case, is herd immunity to disease: the idea that if almost all of the group are immune, even the unvaccinated few are safe because they never get exposed—how could they? ... Queen of the Desert” (The Best American Science and Nature Writing, 2000,reprinted from the Atlantic Monthly), which relies largely on afillip of surprise, even exoticism:Julian Skidmore is lithe ... intrigued by the “baroquemasterpiece of biological engineering” that the camel is, until Murphy thumped me over the head at the close.“We could do a lot of good for other countries where theyreally...
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