the guts of dna and rna

... making more DNA, the processes of replication, and several of the applications related to DNA sequencing Then it’s off to RNA and protein synthesis We also spend some time talking about the Human ... such, there must be an associated equilibrium constant (K) The equilibrium constant in the preceding equation is Kw The value of Kw is the product of the concentrations of the hydrogen ion and the ... physiological buffers In the human body, the pH of various body fluids is important The pH of blood is 7.4, the pH of stomach acid is 1–2, and the pH in the intestinal tract is 8–9 If the pH of blood is more...

Ngày tải lên: 26/03/2014, 22:51

... G-tracts of one strand and only the 3¢-end G-tract of the other strand [30] (Fig 3D) The core of this structure, called the (3 + 1) core, has three strands oriented in one direction and one strand ... G-quadruplexes, there remain many challenges associated with the structure and molecular recognition in the human telomeres These include: (a) the structure and dynamics of all possible DNA, RNA and DNA ⁄ RNA ... to the situation for human telomeric DNA A Long human telomeric DNA and RNA sequences The next step toward understanding the structure of the ‘real’ telomeres is to address the question on the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22

... amount of the RNA- RNA interactions contain compensatory base changes across the binding sites The algorithm presented herein is an extension of the PETfold algorithm [25] and makes further use of the ... description of the scoring of single-stranded positions However, they are scored the same way as in the original PETfold approach; for more details, see [25] The PETfold score is the sum of the evolutionary ... s1 and s … s , where s1 is a ncRNA and s is its target sequence For convenience, we adopt the convenk tion of RNAcofold and assume that the positions in s1 k k are numbered ≤ i ≤ | s1 | and the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 17:20

... years [2] The aim of this work to carry out homology modeling of both DNA and RNA polymerases from the linear mitochondrial plasmid of M perniciosa With the accomplishment of this work, these models ... observed in the whole structure As well as other polymerases from that family, this polymerase showed the three standard domains of the group: Palm, Fingers, and Thumb The active site of the DNA polymerase ... structure of the DNA ciosa mitochondrial plasmid polymerase from the M perniThe 3D The 3D structure of the DNA polymerase from the M perniciosa mitochondrial plasmid Magenta: helices; yellow: strands;...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20

... emphasis on the induction of DNA fragmentation, which is one of the most typical characteristics of apoptosis Regulators of DNA fragmentation One of the terminal processes of apoptosis is DNA degradation ... They induce the permeabilization of the mitochondrial membrane with the release of cytochrome c and the formation of the apoptosome [38] The major pro-apoptotic protein Bax exists mainly in the ... signal on and off Caspase activation is under the direct control of kinases and phosphatases, and the indirect control of phosphorylation through the regulation of other apoptotic proteins Furthermore,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... 589 and 597 within RGG3 are important for the binding of RGG3 to G-quadruplex DNA and RNA In ssDNA and ssRNA RGG3 (nM) Fraction of RNA bound Fig Binding affinity of RGG3 to Htelo or rHtelo The DNA ... poly G and poly U RNA in vitro [8] On the other hand, Hume et al [15] suggested that EWS binds to the proximal-element DNA of the macrophage-specific promoter of the CSF-1 receptor gene The RGG ... previously [43] The 32 P-labeled 25-mer primer annealed to the 3¢ end of the template and could be extended by a DNA polymerase upon the addition of the dNTPs If complete extension of the primer occurred,...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 01:20

... and mss are the intercepts and slopes of the lower and upper baselines of the melting curves, respectively; T is the temperature of interest in Kelvin, a is the molar fraction of strands in the ... sets of the temperature-dependent thermodynamics for the DNA/ DNA and RNA /DNA oligonucleotide duplexes In the present study, we determined the temperatureindependent and temperature-dependent thermodynamic ... As the enthalpy and entropy changes are state functions, their values, in nature, are dependent on the temperature of interest Table summarizes the thermodynamic parameters of the 24 DNA/ DNA and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... Eqns (19) and (20), respectively m Thermodynamics of the binding of ADM and (1,10-phenanthroline)-copper to DNA Fig A comparison of the UV and visible spectrum of BLM-A5 after the cleavage of calf ... curves The molar ratio, r, of DNA to L is defined as r ¼ nDNA;0 =nL;0 ¼ DNA 0 =½LŠ0 ð17Þ where nDNA,0 and nL,0 are the initial amounts of DNA and L, respectively Substituting Eqns (15) and (17) ... binds to DNA and DNA L the complex between DNA and L The intrinsic binding constant, KB, is defined by the equation [24,28,29]: KB ¼ y ð1 À yÞð DNA 0 À ny½LŠ0 Þ ð14Þ Here, [DNA] 0 and [L]0 are the initial...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 04:21

... distance of 50 mm underneath the dishes and the particles passed through 50 mm of helium and the thin mylar bottom of the culture dishes before entering the cells through the bottom of the dishes ... fraction of the DSB (about 1% of DSB induced by g-rays and about 10% by a-particles) are causing cell death On the other hand, the values of a for formation of chromosome fragments and colour ... problem The RBE value of 14.6 for cell reproductive death is similar to values in the range of to 15 published for many other lines of cultured cells [45] The RBE of derived for the induction of DNA- DSB...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... pathway to further our current understanding of the underlying mechanisms of AdbFGF-siRNA-induced growth suppression and apoptosis of glioma cells Materials and methods 2.1 Cell Culture and Adenovirus ... Interestingly, the expression of pSTAT3 Ser727 moderately decreased at 24 and 48 h and then restored to the control level at 72 h Furthermore, compared with the levels under the control and Ad-GFP ... http://www.jeccr.com/content/30/1/80 Page of Figure Ad-bFGF-siRNA reduces the activation of upstream molecules and the expression of downstream molecules of STAT3 in U251 cells (A) Ad-bFGF-siRNA (MOI = 100) reduces the phosphorylation/activation...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:21

... conceived the study, was leading the execution of the experiments, and participated in the writing of the manuscript K.S coordinated and supervised the study and was involved in the writing of the ... amounts of PCR products indicative of the presence of similar levels of these cellular RNAs in all three particle preparations These results suggest that packaging of these RNAs was independent of the ... independent of genomic RNA [28,32] Furthermore, the efficiency of encapsidation of most of the cellular RNAs seems to reflect their cellular abundance [28,32,33] One of the first cellular RNAs identified...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... The presence and the therapeutic efficacy of anti-EGFR antibody in serum from the DNA vaccine group of mice The presence and the therapeutic efficacy of anti-EGFR antibody in serum from the DNA ... naked DNA vaccine elicited Th1-bias immune response Hence, the choice of the route of DNA immunizations and formulation of DNA could thus represent an important element in the design of EGFR DNA ... with the design of the experiments and prepared the draft manuscript, MCY, CFT, CCW, PSL and HJY performed the experiments; CML provided advice on the design of the study and commented on the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... Woods The Influence of the Ku80 Carboxy-Terminus on Activation of the DNA- Dependent Protein Kinase and DNA Repair is Dependent on the Structure of DNA Cofactors In mammalian cells DNA double strand ... in which the initial radical induced on the DNA produces a single strand break The radical is then transferred to the other strand causing the second break7 Of these two possibilities the latter ... in which the initial radical induced on the DNA produces a single strand break The radical is then transferred to the other strand causing the second break7 Of these two possibilities the latter...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 09:33

... involved in the maintenance of the methylation pattern during DNA replication where, the methylation of the parental strand is faithfully copied onto the daughter strand Two other families of enzymes ... discovered that they are involved in the longevity of Drosophila The intactness of the gene was required for the maintenance of the normal life span and over-expression resulted in prolonging the life ... al., 2001) 1.2 DNA methylation and cancer The analysis of the DNA methylation profile, suggests the existence of several differences between normal and cancer cells Both sporadic and hereditary...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 15:55

... access to the array and, if other clients had already referenced the data of the array, the physical memory cache of the array would be directly accessible to the client with no further message ... 5.5 Fault Handling The Mach page fault handler is the hub of the Mach virtual memory system The kernel fault handler is called when the hardware tries to reference a page for which there no valid ... entirely responsible for the initial values of this data and the permanent storage of the data if necessary The Mach kernel makes no assumptions about the purpose of the memory object In order...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 15:05

... worked in the communications sector Twenty years later, though the number of men remained unchanged, the number of women rose to 550 000 A similar situation was seen in the wholesale and retail ... 450 000 by 1995 The number of men grew only marginally from 425 000 to 480 000 over the same period In defence, the number of men declined from 225 000 to 200 000, while the number of women rose ... answer: The two decades between 1975 and 1995 brought significant changes in the representation of women in Freedonia's work force, according to the graphs In 1975, for example, some 300 000 men and...

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2012, 10:02

... evidence is the lack of rigour and generalisability Furthermore, the magnitude of the effect of the MET may be influenced by institution-specific administrative features and policies Buist and coworkers ... of centres Before -and- after studies lack rigour and generalisability they are In the words of the slogan of the American Society of Critical Care Medicine, we need to deliver the ‘right care, ... lack of statistical power due to the large variance in outcome incidence and wide standard deviation and the lower-than-expected incidence of the outcome measures under investigation Given the...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 10:35

... ideas…related to the topic of the text drew the attention of 40% of the teachers and 12.5% of the students This shows that words and structures are of importance in avoiding the students’ misunderstanding ... in their mid-term and final exams for scholarship one hand and not re-taking the exams on the other hand Furthermore, the University of Odonto and Stomatology has been now co-operating with other ... true to the content field which forces learners to train themselves more outside the classroom to update them and meet the demand of their work Being aware of the great importance of ESP in the teaching...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:50

... level of Proficiency at Hanoi University of Industry” is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts is the result of my own work, except where otherwise ... improve the situation of teaching and learning speaking English to the year non-major English students would be made The thesis consists of three main parts: the introduction, the development, and the ... the conclusion The introduction - gives rationale for the study and sets up the aims, scopes and methods of the study The develoment - which is considered as the main part of the study, includes...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:50