the genetic diversity and global molecular epidemiology of hiv

... representative of the diversity of P1 with a divergence up to 17.8% were selected These isolates are representative of the diversity of the other parts of the genome as phylogenetic reconstruction from the ... accumulation of gus-si-RNA and accumulation of mRNA in the del area, and an absence of gusmRNA in the dis area (Figure 6B, lanes 6–7) Then, for the same samples, we investigated the presence of P1 in the ... host we highlighted the functional diversity of RYMV isolates on silencing suppression The functional diversity at the scale of virion is not correlated to genetic diversity of the P1 protein suppressor...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... Overview of research methods, evaluation on genetic diversity and identification molecular maker in Dendrobium species 1.3.1 The concept of genetic diversity Genetic diversity is the diversity of the ... identify the diversity in the gene level, provide the basis for assessing the conservation value of species and populations Therefore, the creation of a database of DNA (DNA fingerprinting) of the ... study of genetic diversity Biodiversity is essential for the survival of the species, natural communities and very important for humans 1.3.3 The method of evaluation on genetic diversity and indentification...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:47

... environment and transmission to the community The present study was undertaken with the aim of determining epidemiology of clinical and carrier staphylococci and molecular studies of their acquisition and ... study AA and MAK coordinated and participated in design of the study MR and KHB participated in the design and coordination and helped in the draft of the manuscript MJD and Page 13 of 15 (page ... all the microbiological, molecular and clinical laboratory experiments as a part of his PhD thesis and has written the draft manuscript MAT and JAK provided strains and helped in the design of the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:20

... under the best-fit GTR+I+Γ model of evolution, based on the L-genomic segment of SWSV and other well-characterized hantaviruses The phylogenetic positions of SWSV variants from Finland and Hungary ... performed molecular genetic studies and sequence and phylogenetic analyses Preliminary data were provided by SA and JWS AGH and JAC provided tissues and carried out the molecular identification of wild-caught ... Northern Europe, including Scandinavia and Great Britain (but excluding Ireland), and across Russia (Fig 1), provided an opportunity to investigate the genetic diversity and phylogeography of...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:21

... Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2006CB101902), the '863' Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (20060102Z1097 and 2006AA10Z185), and the National ... the Xcc strains tested The wxc genes are involved in the biosynthesis of the LPS O-antigen, which is the most variable portion of LPS [19,68] The diversity of the wxc cluster indicates that the ... display of the aCGH clustering result of the two sequenced genomes of the Xcc strains 8004 and ATCC33913 Each row corresponds to the specific ORFs on the array and the ORFs are arranged in the genome...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... : The comparison of the model with the predictor of the Karakiewicz nomogram only with the one with predicators of both the Kattan nomogram and the Karakiewicz nomogram b : The comparison of the ... model with the predictor of the Kattan nomogram only with the one with predicators of both the Kattan nomogram and the Karakiewicz nomogram c : The proportion of the variation explained by the Kattan ... a : The comparison of the model with the predictor of the Karakiewicz nomogram only with the one with predicators of both the Leibovich prognostic score and the Karakiewicz nomogram b : The comparison...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:56

... with the glutelin fraction, which showed a high degree of polymorphism, finding up to 32 polymorphic bands in all the trees evaluated On the other hand, the understanding of the genetic diversity ... 0.283) The 27.0% of the genetic diversity of this last group was detected among populations; however, this value was higher in Cordoba with 34.8% of total genetic diversity The proportion of genetic ... population genetics, breeding and genetic resources Suderland, Sinauer Associates Inc Publishers: 64–82 HUANG H., DANNE F., KUBISIAK T.L., 1998 Allozyme and RAPD analysis of the genetic diversity and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 10:22

... While there have been larger, more detailed studies reported in the medical literature, this is the first such report from the UAE and therefore we not know whether our experience is typical of the ... MH Participated in the molecular analysis and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing RA participated in the coordination of the microbiological and biochemical analysis Page of (page number not ... person spread We report the clinical characteristics of bacteraemia in Tawam Hospital, UAE and investigate the molecular epidemiology of S maltophilia bacteraemia isolates from the hospital aiming...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:20

... took place in the USA, Japan, and other countries in the 1970s (subgenogroup B1), in Hong Kong, Australia, and the USA in the 1980s (subgenogroups B1, B2, and C1), and especially in the Asian Pacific ... than 93% of the nucleotide identity between the C2-like isolates and the reference strains, each gene region of these two isolates was further sequenced and recombination analyses conducted The nucleotide ... changing of subgenogroups, and the potential of severe and fatal outbreaks on their way, it is a must to monitor the recombination events as well as antigenic and genetic evolution of EV-71 very...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 01:22

... or JPY), Tennessee (TN), or the Netherlands (NL) and 16 AMPV F sequences The first two digits of the HMPV sequence names indicate the year of the isolate The names of the AMPV sequences indicate ... Japan, and the Netherlands Our data confirm that there are four distinct genetic lineages of HMPV, provisionally designated as A1, A2, B1 and B2 [32] These data further show that these genetic ... strains of HMPV and assigned to one of the four proposed lineages (A1, A2, B1, or B2) based on phylogenetic analysis, discussed further below [32] Of the 68 strains sequenced, 34 (50%) were of the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:20

... interpreted the data, and wrote the manuscript MS, RRG, and AK helped design the study, performed detailed phylogenetic analysis of the sequences, and helped write the manuscript SHQ and HJ together ... intervals for the origin of HTLV-2 as it migrated out of Africa and Asia and into the Americas via the Bering land bridge and 40,000 – 60,000 ya as confidence intervals for the origin of HTLV-1 in ... outside the diversity of all other PTLVs The observed low nucleotide substitution rate, absence of evident genetic recombination, and conserved genomic structure of HTLV-4 demonstrate the genetic...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... linked mother-infant pairs The degree of genetic variability of the env gp41 sequences from five mother-infant pairs was determined on the basis of pairwise comparison of the nucleotide and deduced ... sets, the levels of genetic diversity ranged from 0.01 to 0.03 when estimated by both Watterson and Coalesce methods The HIV- 1 populations found in the mothers displayed overall same genetic diversity ... Length of infection: The closest time of infection that we could document was the first positive HIV- 1 serology date or the first visit of the patient to the AIDS treatment center where all the HIV- 1...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... originated from the evolutionary process of the genetic code as suggested by the GNC-SNS primitive genetic code hypothesis The discussion on the robustness of the genetic code is consistent with the results ... composed of 64 codons and 20 amino acids (see Table 2) Origin of the Genetic Code (GNC-SNS primitive genetic code hypothesis) Our studies on the origin of the genetic code were initiated from the ... 2002) The GC-NSF(a) hypothesis on creation of the first family genes under the universal genetic code led us propose subsequent theory on the origin of the genetic code as GNC-SNS primitive genetic...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2015, 11:13

... necessary for the establishment of a zoonotic virus The host must be susceptible to the virus, the environmental conditions must provide stability and viability of the virus and the host, and the virus ... to the development of a disease In the past, the detection and characterisation of novel viruses on the base of genetic information, was impossible However, the development of deep sequencing and ... Ethiopia in the east and down to South Africa in the south (Fig 1) Colonies have also been recorded on several off-shore islands in the Gulf of Guinea, Zanzibar, Pemba and Mafia, on the Arabian...

Ngày tải lên: 25/11/2015, 15:24

... all the NMR and force field data The quality of the ensemble of protein structures can be evaluated by the number and the size of constraint violations, the total potential energy as well as the ... on the refolding of α-Lactalbumin showed that the intermediate, often called the burst-phase intermediate, accumulated quite quickly at the beginning of the refolding within the dead time of the ... Furthermore, due to the bumpiness of the landscape, protein molecules can be trapped and accumulated at local minima before they finally fall into the global minimum, so folding intermediates and...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2015, 12:54

... samples, pairs and randomly cloned DNA fragments with complementary sequences with the sequence of the samples The RAPD markers used in the study of diversity and genetic mapping of the typical ... ZG and MTD65 The above information is very useful and can be applied in breed selection and creation The structure of the thesis The thesis comprises of 115 pages, which are divided into the ... SSR molecular indicator The correlation between RAPD and SSR is in the analysis of soybean To compare the correlation of the two molecular indicators RAPD and SSR with the polymorphic analysis of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/04/2016, 10:05

... 1969) 1.2.4.7 Measure of the loss of genetic diversity Measures of the loss of genetic diversity can be derived from fe, fge, and Nenf The amount of genetic diversity (GD) in the reference population ... the diversity of the whole set of breeds and H(S\K) is the heterozygosity of the set without breed K The aggregate diversity D is the sum of both components (i.e CB and CW) weighted by F ST and ... to the members of Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Southern Vietnam and the recent Institute of Animal Sciences of Southern Vietnam, Ministry of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/05/2016, 21:05

... shows the final example, a universally conserved component of the core of the signal recognition particle (SRP) The structure of the complex (PDB code: 1HQ1) and the binding affinity of a series of ... on the presence or absence of a cytosine at position )5 in the RNA A likely explanation for the importance of the )5 cytosine mutation is offered by the observation that the amino group of the ... are located in a double-stranded region of RNA, and not interact with the protein [54], yet the disruption of the helix clearly affects the binding energy The effect of these changes in RNA conformation...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... constant value of Hz for the H1 signal of the GlcNAc residue and the NMR chemical shifts of H5 and C5 of the rhamnose residues showed that the former is b-linked and the latter are a-linked The NOESY ... the major O repeat of the OPS has structure 2: each other in the position of substitution of one of the rhamnose residues (RhaIV) in the main chain and the site of attachment of the GlcNAc side ... either the LPS core structure or /and in the mode of the attachment of the OPS to the core Therefore, strains of pathovar porri are clearly distinct from other P syringae pathovars in serology of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... into the pH dependence of their NMR parameters over the pH range 3–8 Obviously, the pH titration curve of the amide proton and the titration curve of 31P of phosphorylated serine residue have the ... pKa1 and pKa2 The pKa value is determined from a fit of the phosphorus chemical shifts of the without ionic, monoionic and diionic forms of the phosphate group as a function of pH [33,34] The phosphorus ... neutral pH, affects the electrostatic potential and quite often the conformation of the modified protein Even in the absence of rearrangement, the change in the electric field and steric hindrance...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20