... finished product, then adjustments will have to be made to the product's design Similarly, market research, which examines the extent and nature ofthe demand for products, has the role of guiding product ... not only the result of product research, but is also influenced by testing and market research If the testing stage (after assembly and inspection) reveals unacceptable problems in the finished ... product sales, also serves to foster future sales by devising suitable advertising for the goods Thus the reality of consumer goods manufacturing goes well beyond a simple linear production process...
... itself both at the level ofthe immediate chromatin environment ofthe intergenic region, and also at the level of topological status ofthe DNA as a result of transcription ofthe adjacent genes ... DnaC [14] Rather the role of ATP in the reaction is to serve as a switch that controls the activity ofthe helicase The ATP bound form of DnaC severely inhibits the helicase activity of DnaB and ... by unwinding of this intrinsically less stable region of duplex [6] A further level of complexity arises from the fact that DnaA is a member ofthe AAA+ family of ATPases This class of protein...
... Professor ofthe History of Science and Medicine at the University of Chicago Among his publications are Darwin and the Emergence of Evolutionary Theories of Mind and Behavior, The Meaning of ... had the patience to read through the entire manuscript The deep knowledge of these scholars ranged from the history of science to contemporary biology, from the logic of argument to the logic of ... however, the aspirations ofthe liberals crashed upon the failure ofthe Frankfurt Parliament Periodically through the 1830s and 1840s, students in the new Burschenschaften (the fi rst of these...
... article describes the findings ofthe first Page of 14 stage - the qualitative research which fed into the design ofthe questionnaire and contingent valuation The focus ofthe study in Vietnam ... whether they were satisfied with their current work and lifestyle, and the majority reported that they were satisfied with the current conditions The main reasons given were stability of their ... retention of doctors in rural areas This section presents the findings ofthe interviews, following the themes laid out in Table Motivation to join the profession Medicine is a high-ranking profession...
... years It was the mother who answered the questionnaire in 92.52% ofthe sample, and it was the father in 7.48% ofthe sample No parent in the patient group refused to participate in the study, ... questionnaire in 89.5% ofthe sample, it was the father in 4.57% ofthe sample, and it was someone else in 6.28% ofthe sample Distribution of all participants in terms of gender and age group ... Score, the mean is computed as the sum ofthe items divided by the number of items answered in the Emotional, Social, and School Functioning Subscales The sequential validation procedure of the...
... ofthe time Some ofthe time All ofthe time Knee pain present at night: None ofthe time Some ofthe time All ofthe time Knee pain worse on movement: None ofthe time Some ofthe time All of ... practice The lack of standardisation in the choice of instruments limits the generalisability of results Furthermore, ofthe five instruments included in the review that were based on the views of ... measures of health and quality oflife [2] Only three ofthe five instruments that incorporate the views of patients have been adequately evaluated for reliability and validity Of these, the Knee...
... scores ofthe DQOL were moderately correlated with the D-39S (except sexual functioning) and the RAND-12 Magnitudes in the correlations of all DQOL domains with the physical relevant domains ofthe ... among domains ofthe DQOL with the D-39S and the RAND-12 As described in the Introduction, because the DQOL essentially measures satisfaction and impact of diabetes treatment, whereas the D-39S measures ... discriminant validity ofthe DQOL against the D-39S and the RAND-12 In general, domain scores ofthe DQOL were moderately correlated with the D-39S (except sexual functioning) and the RAND-12 PHC and...
... the ED and at the time of follow-up (FU) Another consideration is validity: the strength ofthe association between the candidate instrument and other relevant outcomes (construct validity) The ... correlated with the PedsQL™ total scores at FU, with the exception of caregiver missed work or school (Table 1) The negative direction ofthe correlation reflects that the longer the duration of fever ... analyzed by means of a paired t-test The effect size was then calculated by dividing the overall mean change in score by the standard deviation ofthe score at baseline As a point of reference, an...
... Finally, there was no report by the patients or guardians of any lack of comprehension regarding the questions The lack of validation studies on assessment scales ofthe quality oflife among ... individuals off treatment Therefore, the occurrence of illness implied limitations and difficulties The analysis ofthe Corrected Item-Total Correlation proved the satisfactory homogeneity ofthe instrument ... treatment on the quality oflifeof patients Moreover, decisions for the implementation of improvements in public healthcare may be adopted based on the impact of interventions on quality oflife [1]...
... cross-cultural adaptation, the group of specialists stated that the concept ofthe impact of childhood cancer on the quality oflifeofthe families used for development ofthe original instrument was ... Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Health and Quality ofLife Outcomes 2008, 6:35 the health-related quality oflifeof parents/guardians The score is computed as the sum ofthe 20 ... illness, the assessment ofthe heath-related quality oflifeof parents and families could contribute toward their healthcare needs [3,21,22] This study presents the reliability and validity of the...
... Comparisons to the mean scores ofthe other subscales within the present study to those ofthe previous PedsQL™ school study [3], the mean scores on the social functioning scale of both healthy ... as the sum ofthe items divided by the number of items answered (this accounts for missing data) The physical health summary score is the same as the physical functioning subscale To create the ... summary score, the mean is computed as the sum ofthe items divided by the number of items answered in the emotional, social, and school functioning subscales If more than 50% ofthe items in a...
... development ofthe study question to the revision ofthe final manuscript Each ofthefour authors has made a significant contribution at each phase ofthe study AQLQ12+ Standardised version ofthe Asthma ... The results of this analysis suggest that the AQLQ12+ is valid for measuring asthma-specific quality oflife in adolescents 12–17 years The similarity ofthe measurement properties ofthe AQLQ12+ ... Quality ofLife Questionnaire AQLQ(S) Standardised version ofthe Asthma Quality ofLife Questionnaire All four authors have played a major part throughout the entire study process from the development...
... QoL Quality ofLife QUALEFFO Quality ofLife Questionnaire ofthe European Foundation for Osteoporosis References Gold DT: The clinical impact of vertebral fractures: quality oflife in women ... decrease of vertebra height)) One ofthe secondary endpoints ofthe clinical trial was the change in QoL, which was assessed at baseline (M0) and then every six months using the SF-36 and QUALIOST® The ... 93.3% of patients and were therefore included in the analyses ofthe hypothesised structure and internal consistency reliability Longitudinal data were available for 80.9% ofthe patients for the...
... child QOL For the total sample, there were statistically significant correlations between parents' ratings of their own QOL on the SF-36 measure and their ratings ofthe child's QOL on the PedsQL™ ... standard of 0.70 for Cronbach's alpha coefficients for adequate internal reliability [35] Range of measurement for the PedsQL™ was determined based on the percentage of scores at the extreme ofthe ... psychosocial health domains Finally following on from the findings of Eiser, Eiser and Stride [22] on the effect of mother's own wellbeing on their ratings of their children's QOL, we expected that parents'...
... identified problems After the revision ofthe second version, the Chinese version ofthe FIM was finalized and to be field-tested in the current study The reports of all the steps in the translation process ... reach the value of 0.85 Discussion The current study presents the feasibility, reliability and validity ofthe Chinese version ofthe FIM This is also the first report of psychometric properties of ... evaluated, and the Chinese versions ofthe Asthma Module and the Cardiac Module are being developed [15] The objective ofthe current study was to evaluate the psychometric properties ofthe Chinese...
... now, validation ofthe Japanese version has not been conducted The aim of this study was to demonstrate the reliability, validity, and feasibility ofthe Japanese version ofthe PedsQL 3.0 Cancer ... version, the interviewer was the child’s parent After the parent completed the parent proxy report separately from their child, they read out the questions for the child’s self-report and marked the ... means the patient was receiving medical treatment such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery (n = 88; 35.9%) Off-treatment status means the patient completed all therapy by the time of the...
... proportions The presence of floor and ceiling effects (>25% ofthe respondents have the minimum and/or maximum score) was evaluated for thefour subscale scores [23] The response rate ofthe Asthma ... guarantee the power of test, the groups of Children and Teens were combined into one group for subsequent analyses because ofthe small sample size of Teens (n = 9) In this study, the majority ofthe ... [19,20] In order to improve the assessment ofthe impact of asthma on the pediatric HRQOL in the context with Chinese culture, we decided to generate the Chinese version ofthe PedsQL™ 3.0 Asthma...
... limitations The unavailability of information on nonrespondents and investigation of only a sample from Tehran, the capital city of Iran, may limit the generalizability ofthe findings to other parts of ... health-related quality oflife in Greek children: psychometric properties ofthe Greek version ofthe Pediatric Quality ofLife Inventory(TM) 4.0 Generic Core Scales Quality oflife research : an ... Quality oflife research : an international journal of quality oflife aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation 2011, 20(1):31-36 24 Linguistic validation ofthe PedsQL - a Quality of Life...
... chemotherapy Convergent and discriminant validity was examined by correlating the scales ofthe Japanese version ofthe PedsQL™ Brain Tumor Module with the theoretically-predicted scales ofthe ... ofLife Outcomes 2010, 8:38 http://www.hqlo.com/content/8/1/38 Page of 14 Table 4: Factorial validity ofthe Japanese version ofthe PedsQL™ Brain Tumor Module Child-report (n = 137, 64% ofthe ... Additionally, proof ofthe validity of our results was evidenced on several points The fixed scale-development methods ofthe present study ensured the content validity and the results ensured...