... tissue and gastrointestinal tract, as well as other sites, are known to reach the CNS to effect changes in feeding behavior and energy expenditure Thus, insulin, leptin and ghrelin, as well as other ... closely and rapidly with reciprocal changes inthe levels ofthe orexigenic and anorectic Signaling mediators inthe treatment of obesity neuropeptide expression inthe hypothalamus [22] Thus an increase ... explored further Other areas ofthe brain have also been shown to regulate feeding via AMPK [35,36] Of interest is the extensive use of fructose as a sweetener inthe human diet [37] Glucose and fructose...
... at each phase ofthe cell cycle by various complexes of cell-cycle-related molecules, including cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, their inhibitors andthe retinoblastoma protein (RB), as well ... calorie intake induces expression of RMI1 and E2Fs in adipocytes, and these changes in expression are expected to increase a positive interaction between the molecules The increased expression of ... recruitment of preadipocytes [12], suggesting that these cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors are important inthe regulation of adipocyte number The S-phase kinase-associated protein (Skp)1–CullinF-box...
... fluvoxamine binds to sigma-1 receptors inthe intact human brain at therapeutic doses [25], suggesting that sigma-1 receptors are involved inthe active mechanisms of fluvoxamine [19] Interestingly, ... that activation ofthe dopaminergic system by the inhibition of dopamine transporter may be involved inthe mechanism of unwanted effects (deterioration of psychosis) of sertarline in this case, ... effective inthe treatment of psychotic major depression, andthe switch to sertraline worsened the psychotic symptoms inthe patient The mechanisms underlying the opposite effects of these two...
... approved the final manuscript Competing interests The funding source had no influence on study design, inthe collection, analysis, and interpretation ofthe data, inthe writing ofthe manuscript, ... ofthe healthcare system is not satisfactory There are limitations inthe reimbursement of anti-HBV therapy, either inthe selection of agent or the duration of dosing Therefore, lamivudine and ... telbivudine are more widely used in treatment of CHB In this systematic review, we focus on the comparison ofthe efficay of lamivudine and telbivudine inthe Figure Effect of telbivudine vs lamivudine...
... pathophysiology and significance of VPA-induced carnitine deficiency and evaluated the literature pertaining to carnitine supplementation during VPA therapy inchildren Despite the lack of prospective, randomized ... further investigations in controlled, randomized and probably multicentre trials to evaluate the clinical value andthe appropriate dosage of L-carnitine in each of these conditions Competing interests ... [38] Administration of exogenous carnitine is thought to decrease ammonia levels by binding to VPA, thereby enhancing the β-oxidation process and production of acetyl-CoA, and relieving the inhibition...
... pressures and short-term survival, in comparison to the single use of epinephrine This study adds some evidence to the existing literature ofthe epinephrine-vasopressin combination benefits and further ... vasoconstrictive Page of (page number not for citation purposes) effect ofthe combination ofthe two drugs in comparison to epinephrine alone inthe first minute of CPR with an increase of CPP This increase ... interpretation ofthe clinical outcome in vasopressin studies The authors recognize several limitations inthe interpretation ofthe present findings The study was conducted on apparently healthy pigs and...
... [16] andthe possibility of costs minimization [8, 14] The disadvantage of lacking inspections ofthe sponges can be compensated by daily controlling ofthe canister fluid and monitoring ofthe inflammation ... of an endoprosthesis involving the local tissue and causing an immune reaction [15] The most common problem hereby is the draining sinus, prolongating and preventing wound healing The pathophysiological ... haemodynamics, the surrounding tissue is decompressed and local microcirculation is re-established The increase ofthe oxygen gradient facilitates the transportation of toxins and inhibitors inducing thereby...
... approximately 15 minutes, the physicist then loaded the corresponding radiation plan onto the controller unit contaminating the field The catheter end was passed through a hole inthe drape and a FlexiShield™ ... Results The radiation oncologist then broke scrub, attached the XB controller to the catheter, and inserted the radiation source into the balloon The radiation therapy was then Figure and no evidence ... cavity through a small incision inthe lateral breast and inflated with exactly 40 cc of saline (Figure 1) The conformity ofthe CED to the surrounding breast tissue was then evaluated under direct...
... for PTSD is challenging due to the complexity ofthe symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities Psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy are the two main classes of PTSD treatment Inthe Cochrane systematic ... three symptom clusters of PTSD, as well as alleviating the symptoms of depression, andin improving the quality of life measures The current evidence base of randomized clinical trials is unable ... arousal [15,16] The implication ofthe limbic kindling-like phenomenon inthe pathophysiology of PTSD has stimulated clinical research in antiepileptic drugs inthe treatment of PTSD Topiramate...
... 2004, of portacaval shunting, thereby decreasing first pass metabolism; decrease in quantities and affinity of plasma proteins, thereby increasing free-drug levels; increase in volume of distribution ... syndrome), including carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, and lamotrigine The triad of hypersensitivity includes fever, rash and internal organ involvement with onset of symptoms within to weeks of ... pre-dialysis and 2–3 hrs following the post-dialysis dose There is a case report in which lithium levels were maintained inthe therapeutic range by intraperitoneal administration of lithium during continuous...
... provide written informed consent Use of other natural health products, including glucosamine and chondroitin, one month prior to study and during the study, other than multivitamin and mineral supplements ... capsule contains 375 mg of glucosamine HCl (USP Grade) and 300 mg of chondroitin sulfate (USP Grade) The subjects were instructed to take two G+C capsules inthe morning and two inthe evening for ... acetaminophen or ibuprofen within days of randomization Subject is unwilling to stop taking pain medication other than the study medication (for arthritis or other types of pain) or is unwilling...
... These results are largely robust to including the proportion of Group pupils inthe surrounding area as the explanatory variable, rather than the total number of Group pupils inthe surrounding ... treatment in 1998 This was partly because of confusion inthe field about pupil age, and partly because inthe early stages ofthe program several ofthe Kenya Ministry of Health nurses administered ... To the extent that childrenin Busia also self-treat helminth symptoms with herbs, in this study we measure the net benefit of deworming drugs above and beyond the impact of herbs andof any individually...
... the quantum theory The only uncertainty, according to Einstein, lay in our inability or lack of ingenuity in measuring the objective properties of such systems When Bohr and Einstein met at the ... totally independent ofthe state ofthe observer This is the deeper meaning of Einstein’s great discovery Behind all phenomena are laws of nature, andthe form of these laws, their most elegant mathematical ... On Incompleteness 29 Mathematics: The Ultimate Certainty? And so we turn to mathematics for a final certainty and begin with one ofthe simplest and purest operations the act of counting Of all...
... world of objects, but in society andin minds More particularly, it happens inthe minds ofthe users, which are intrinsically integrated with the activities ofthe users Those cultural and material ... outlining the history ofthe World Wide Web It asks who invented the Web, what were the resources used in its invention, and what actually was invented inthe process Many ofthe details of this ... that there is a normal way of using the phone, and a corresponding standard interpretation ofthe meaning ofthe thing In some circumstances a telephone may be a perfect hammer; most ofthe time,...
... screening including erythrocyte sedimenta- Page of tion rate and C-reactive protein was normal Plain radiographs revealed areas of periprosthetic osteolysis inthe femur andthe tibia, and a ... image ofthe left knee showing the introducing cannula and simultaneous venting ofthe medial tibial condylar cyst Discussion When dealing with massive periprosthetic osteolysis the aims of surgery ... years later In January 2005 the patient began to develop similar medial pain and swelling inthe left knee A bone scan showed increased activity inthe medial femoral condyle indicating possible...
... caspase-3 and cleaved PARP proteins in mice Increase inthe expression of caspase-3 and cleaved PARP proteins noticed inthe mice treated in vivo with GnRH-Ag also showed increase inthe number of atretic ... receptors, and steroidogenic and apoptotic factors inthe ovary was investigated following in vivo andin vitro administration of GnRH agonist inthe intact cyclic mice Methods Animals All the experiments ... planned and executed the experiments, responsible for data interpretation and writing ofthe manuscript, AK helped in planning and supervised the work, participated in data analysis and interpretation...
... Journal ofthe International AIDS Society 2004, 6:56 http://www.jiasociety.org/content/6/3/56 sharing, and education that must attend expanding global HIV/AIDS care initiatives Authors and Disclosures ... Bio Med Central and every scientist can read your work free of charge "BioMed Central will be the most significant development for disseminating the results of biomedical researc h in our lifetime." ... grants for clinical research and/ or honoraria for educational and/ or advisory activities from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Idenix, Merck, and Roche...
... Annals of General Psychiatry 2009, 8:16 the treatment of acute mania, the approval of quetiapine andthe olanzapine-fluoxetine combination against acute bipolar depression andthe approval of olanzapine, ... dose at the end ofthe study was 15.5 mg daily The results suggest that in weeks to and then again at week there is a significant reduction inthe MADRS scores inthe aripiprazole group in comparison ... aripiprazole at the end ofthe 74-week period was 23.6 mg daily It is reported that 29 out ofthe 66 patients relapsed (16 out ofthe 39 inthe aripiprazole group (41%) and 13 out ofthe 27 inthe placebo...
... contributions All ofthe authors have been involved in drafting this paper and have read and approved the final manuscript KG conceived the idea ofthe paper, reported the case, performed the literature ... concerning radiotherapy and followed up the patient at his out-patient clinic AK was the radiologist performing the preoperative and postoperative CT and MRI scans and wrote the part ofthe paper ... radiotherapy and conventional fractionation while minimising the risks of RT-inducing brain injury like radiation necrosis and cognitive decline The optimal radiation dose has not yet been defined We...
... HT at the Tomotherapy Unit ofthe Grupo IMO inthe context of multidisciplinary national and international treatment protocols All the patients were treated with curative intent, including those ... to the Tomotherapy treatment planning system (Tomotherapy Inc., Madison, WI) to perform inverse treatment planning The planning goal was to deliver the prescription dose to at least 95% ofthe ... Krasin et al presented a planning study comparing different conventional photon, electron and IMRT techniques inthe treatment of intraocular retinoblastoma IMRT plans achieved best sparing of the...