the environmentally friendly synthesis of heteropolyacids

... activity of GpnGs as effectors of the synthesis of poly(A) Based on the above results, the effect of several diguanosine polyphosphates on the synthesis of poly(A) was comparatively studied The enzyme ... independent synthesis of poly(A) In order to understand why dinucleoside polyphosphates activated the primer independent synthesis of poly(A), the effect of 0.01 mM Gp4G or Ap4A on the synthesis of poly(A) ... diguanosine tetraphosphate (Gp4G), in the presence of 0.02 mM [a-32P]ATP While confirming the adenylylation of these compounds and the absence of synthesis of poly(A) by the E coli poly(A) polymerase,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... stereoselective synthesis of the methyl ester of a glandular secretion from the civet cat 1.38 (Scheme 1.9).32 In addition to the synthesis of 1.38, the authors demonstrated that a range of substitution ... Proposed synthesis of benzylic alcohol 2.27 The first step in the synthesis of benzylic alcohol 2.27 is the Wittig olefination of o-bromoacetophenone (Scheme 2.10) Following the procedure of Waser ... Development of Methodology for the Palladium-Catalysed Synthesis of Oxygen-Containing Heterocycles Joanne F M Hewitt (M Sci) A thesis submitted in part fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2014, 21:07

... augmenting the reaction to completion When the acid value (AV) of the oil is high, acid catalyst is used to lower the AV and then alkali catalyst is utilized for biodiesel synthesis Enzymes are the other ... transesterification However, the characteristics of the fuel depend on the feedstock used in synthesis of biodiesel An overview of which has been discussed in this review The solid catalysts can be ... similar Absence of calcium methoxide was confirmed by 13C NMR The activity of the collected catalyst was reduced due to decrease in strength of the basic sites The active site of the used catalyst...

Ngày tải lên: 08/10/2015, 23:24

... to the theoretical model and in the subsequent simulations [22] the corresponding ratios were KI2/KS2 ¼ and KI1/ KS1 ¼ 0.7 These values and the transition of the Eadie– Hofstee plot from the ... ([M + Na]+, 100%) RESULTS Synthesis of inhibitors The synthesis and characterization of compounds 1b, 1d, 1f, 1g and 3b (Scheme 1) is reported for the first time, and the epoxypropyl derivative ... [15] The key step is the use of Collins reagent for the selective oxidation of the primary trimethylsilyl ether of the fully silylated monosaccharide to an aldehyde (step ii) The resulting 2,3,4-tris-trimethylsilylated...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... The arrow and arrowhead indicate the positions of the PHCP and PH c552 proteins, respectively The band denoted by the asterisk on the right-hand side is the result of nonspecific staining of the ... Biogenesis of cytochrome c¢ Heterologous synthesis of PHCP by E coli The E coli System I cytochrome c biogenesis machinery, consisting of the Dsb and Ccm proteins, is responsible for the synthesis of ... confirming that the observed difference between the two proteins in the RI242 strain is a result of the absence of the DsbD protein PHCP was also synthesized as a holo-protein in the periplasm of aerobically...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 00:20

... (ALO1), which catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of erythroascorbic acid in yeasts, resulted in attenuated virulence of the Candida albicans mutant [42] If synthesized by the Rv1771 l-gulono1,4-lactone ... the host proteases On the other hand, attempts to produce a His-tagged version of the The Rv1771 gene of M tuberculosis encodes a 428 amino acid protein (Fig 2) that shows 32% identity with the ... oxidoreductases In order to determine the enzymatic activity of the GST-tagged Rv1771 protein of M tuberculosis, the oxidase activity was tested in the presence of the l-gulono-1,4-lactone and l-galactono-1,4-lactone...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... investigate the effect of the exact distribution of the language inventory size on the nature of the degree distribution of the consonants through a synthetic approach based on the principle of preferential ... occurrence Regime of Figure 3(b) also correspond to these 21 consonants On the other hand Regime of Figure 3(a) as well as Regime of Figure 3(b) comprises of the rest of the consonants The point marked ... consideration the β-distribution rather than just the mean value of the inventory size that can explain the negative slope of the first regime We look forward to the same as a part of our future work Rather,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... 7) The Vs/Vh ratio is the ratio of the reaction rates of aminolysis and hydrolysis of the acyl-enzyme The curvature of the plot of Vs/Vh vs the mole fraction of D2O indicates therefore that the ... 2% of the maximum of the amplitude of the burst phase can be observed which is considered to be the lower limit of detection Since the kcat for the hydrolysis of NIPAOB is 200 s)1, hydrolysis of ... Eqn (8) to the data For synthesis of penicillin G, a value of 0.018 mM)1 for the slope of the curve was obtained, but due to the almost linear dependence of Vs/Vh on the concentration of 6-APA...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... On the other hand, truncation of the C-terminal domain increases the bypass efficiency and decreases the efficiency of A insertion, thus reducing mutagenic translesion synthesis Taken together these ... incorporation of a G opposite the next C in the template or by misalignment of the primer-terminal G with the next C followed by the incorporation of a C We incubated either AtPOLK or AtPOLKDC in the presence ... reduction in the apparent Km for the nucleotide It is possible that deletion of the C-terminal 193 amino acids of AtPOLK modifies the conformation of the active site, causing higher affinity of the enzyme...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 10:20

... encountered, the program specifies the truth values of the variables in Dr for the given values of i and j The program then evaluates the truth value of Dr in terms of the truth values of the component ... be translated of the oscillations of the voltage of the trigger rather than by the smoother inverted construction of the oscillations of trigger voltage In any event, the translation ... deriving the Ar, the basic algorithms in the assumed decomposition of Ts The Synthesis of Basic Algorithms Parallel texts need be prepared only once by the process of Fig 3; thereafter they can...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 19:20

... content of 48.0% [43] The GC content of the region essential for the biosynthesis of SPA in the other serotype strains (b–e) of A actinomycetemcomitans is also lower than the average GC content of these ... [20] The GC contents of the genes essential for SPA biosynthesis in A actinomycetemcomitans SUNYaB 75 are lower than the average GC content (47.8%) of the genes flanking them The GC contents of ... spectrum of the product was at 590.1, which corresponds to the [M + H]+ ion of GDP-6deoxy-D-talose H NMR analysis of the structure of the purified GDP-6-deoxyhexose Approximately mg of the sugar...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... of the survey which were then sent to the Council of Europe for processing A small number of children also undertook to complete the survey online All of these surveys were processed and so the ... member states of the Council of Europe At the appointment Question 13 asked about the appointment with the health care professional and the child’s experience Firstly, it asked whether the child ... child -friendly Feeling Question 12 asked the children what their strongest emotion was when they were waiting to see the health care professional For the highest proportion of children (37.5%), they...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... hydrothermal route to the controlled synthesis of α-Fe2O3 1-D nanostructures Figure (a, e) TEM images of the products prepared by the addition of 0⋅66 mmol SnCl4, (b) a single double-shuttle of the ... shows the typical XRD pattern of the product All the reflections of the XRD pattern can be indexed to the single phase of α-Fe2O3 with hexagonal structure (JCPDS Card No 86-0550) No other phases of ... Y2005F11), the Applied Project of Yantai City (No 2005227), and the Applied Pro- Facile hydrothermal route to the controlled synthesis of α-Fe2O3 1-D nanostructures ject of Educational Bureau of Shandong...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... progresses, the growth proceeds along the active sites, resulting in the formation of elongated nanostructures in the form of rods We believe that because of the electrostatic interaction of the iron ... removal of the template by solvent extraction and calcinations, the FE-SEM micrograph (Fig 2B) reveals the remarkable effect on the macroscopic structure of the nanorods The presence of nanorods ... micelle of the surfactant helps in the morphology selectivity during the growth process The magnetic properties of the porous ␣-Fe2 O3 nanorods were further investigated using SQUID To investigate the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... used to analyze the crystallinity Results and discussion The morphologies of the final products were demonstrated in Fig 1a–c On the basis of the SEM check, the proportion of the nanowire morphology ... and composition of the solution [21] The formations of nanowires first need the anisotropy during the growth process for the nanoparticles In our experiments, the presence of the salts is also ... factor influencing the crystallization process and the growth of the WO3 nanowires With the addition of different inorganic salts, the compositions and the corresponding properties of the solution...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:04

... appropriated to that of the target-materials In addition, the concentration of the precursors seems to play a role on the control of the shape of nanocrystallites resulting of a solvothermal process ... in the solvothermal reactions The selection of the solvent plays a key-role through the control of the chemical mechanisms leading to the targetmaterial The reaction mechanisms induce, during the ... are involved during the solvothermal process: Hg2+?2Hg2+ + 2e– and Te + 2 e–?Te2– Then the reaction, with the precursor Rb2Te, leads to the synthesis of Rb2Hg3Te4 The use of FeCl2 as additive...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:08

... l-butanol The addition of the co-solvent (l-butanol) to the oil phase turned the oil phase into a better solvent and allowed significant solubilization of the surfactant into the oil with the formation ... (XPS) The calculated stoichiometry for the prepared nanoparticles taken from the atomic ratio data of EDX measurements (Fig 4) is WO3 within the limits of the experimental error The wide scan of ... signals of WO3 nanoparticles (a) sample 1, (b) sample and (c) sample respectively The co-solvent is necessary because of the hydrophilicity of the sucrose monostearate and hydrophobicity of the oil...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:08

... mechanisms of metal oxide particles in non-aqueous synthesis This section will discuss the organic side of the synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials performed in non-aqueous, but liquid reaction media The ... and the organic reaction pathways play a fundamental role in the non-aqueous synthesis of the inorganic products In this process, the formal oxygen that is required for the fabrication of the ... with the precursor to form metal–oxygen–metal groups (Scheme 2, Eq 2) The combination of these two equations leads to the elimination of R–X and H–X The other possibility is the elimination of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:11

... increasing the receptor affinity and selectivity of peptide ligands [13,14,27] The Ala-scan of OP has revealed that the side chain of each residue is required for the full activity of the peptide [12] These ... vicinity of cultured cells provoked a wave of calcium in the cytoplasm of astrocytes (Fig 3A) while ejection of culture medium alone had no effect (Fig 3B) Comparison of the amplitude of the response ... compared to the other amide protons The 3JNH-Ha coupling constants for the amide protons of cyclo128 OP were measured from the 1D 1H-NMR spectrum (Table 1) The 3JNH-Ha coupling constants of the three...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 04:21

... suitability of raw materials for use in papermaking These include: the ease of pulping; the yield of usable pulp; the cost of collection and transportation of the fiber source; the presence of contaminants; ... effectively than either of the other two acids Lignin precipitation occurs in the ethanol pulping process due to either the reduction of the ethanol concentration in the washing process or the drop in ... amounts of anthraquinone as cooking chemicals The concentration of methanol in the cooking liquor is in the range of 25-30% The one stage process is easier to control and the elimination of the first...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:20