the brain mind and its conscious states
Báo cáo khoa học " The nutrients of exotic mushrooms (Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus species) and an estimated approach to the volatile compounds " potx
... 1.15 and 0.71; minerals: Na range and average are 1.3–20.1 and 10.11; K, 182.5– 395.9 and 264.7; Mg, 8.6–24.5 and 11.6; Ca, 1.4–3.9 and 4.2 There are less amounts of scientific data and the researches ... and 1.23 These values were the highest in the first and second stages of mushrooms Texture values of P ostreatus and P sajor-caju were 0.30 and 0.33 kg/ mm2, they possessed very close values The ... nutrients and volatiles and some properties of L edodes and Pleurotus spp Thus, this research will be a contribution to the literature from the point of interesting ratios for both Turkey and the world...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Implication of the glutamine synthetase ⁄glutamate synthase pathway in conditioning the amino acid metabolism in bundle sheath and mesophyll cells of maize leaves doc
... assimilation and amino acid synthesis [7] The stalk and leaves below and above the ear act as the source organs for nitrogen reallocation in the reproductive stage of maize [8,9] In the source ... of the total amino acids in the light and 56% in the dark (Fig 7A) The total amount of alanine, serine and glycine was reduced from 33% in the light to 25% in the dark (Fig 7A) Glutamine and ... GSs (GS1 and GS2) occurs in the two cell types [23], but the localization of the major Fd-GOGAT between MCs and BSCs remains controversial [24] Therefore, we rst determined the cellular and subcellular...
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Ecology and Management of Commercially Harvested Chanterelle Mushrooms pdf
... Feibelman and others 1994 Largent 1994 Danell and others 1995 Largent and Sime 1995 Hibbett and others 1997 Redhead and others 1997 Bruns and others 1998 Bergemann and Largent 1998, 2000 Pine and others ... its own family, the Gomphaceae, and a different order, the Phallales Analyses of DNA (Bruns and others 1998, Hibbett and others 1997, Humpert and others 2001, Pine and others 1999, Villegas and ... Sources include Bruns and others 1998, Dahlman and others 2000, Feibelman and others 1997, Hibbett and others 1997, Kirk and others 2001 The two most commercially valuable and widely collected...
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MUSHROOMS Cultivation, Nutritional Value, Medicinal Effect, and Environmental Impact SECOND EDITION ppt
... constitute the skeleton of the organic molecules that make up the cells These organic molecules include the lipids of the membranes, the polysaccharides of the cell walls, the nucleic acids, and the ... inside the termite mounds for their own use and also for their young The worker termites (which incidentally are blind) collect the wood and other organic matter found near their nests and use ... absorbed by the hyphae and used for the necessary metabolic requirements of the fungus Growth of the mycelium results in fusions of the hyphae and a close association of the hyphae with the substrate...
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Báo cáo Y học: Cloning and expression of two novel aldo-keto reductases from Digitalis purpurea leaves potx
... putative AKR, whereas the other three are postulated to be alcohol dehydrogenases Nevertheless, the high degree of homology of their amino-acid sequences and those of the alfalfa and D purpurea ARs ... interesting correlations between the enzymatic activity on steroids, the organ-specific and developmentally regulated expression of the genes, and the specific biosynthesis and accumulation of cardenolides ... Nevertheless, the limited knowledge on the intermediates and enzymes of this biosynthetic pathway, besides the broad substrate specificity of these AKRs, are major restrictions to elucidate the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Assimilation of excess ammonium into amino acids and nitrogen translocation in Arabidopsis thaliana – roles of glutamate synthases and carbamoylphosphate synthetase in leaves ppt
... synthesis in Arabidopsis [9] The amino acids are then translocated in the apoplasm and in the phloem via the plasma membrane-located amino acid transporters [10] Glutamine and asparagine, and ... pool levels within the leaves, and nitrogen transport to the growing apical sinks and roots via the phloem First, the glutamine synthetase (GS)glutamate synthase (GOGAT) cycle is the major assimilatory ... ()922 70) The translational fusions to the uidA gene under the control of the gene promoter were constructed by inserting the PCR product in-frame to the 5Â-end of the GUS reporter gene In the leaf...
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mr bloomfields orchard the mysterious world of mushrooms molds and mycologists oct 2002
... egg hatches, the receptacle expands by absorbing water and ruptures the skin, carrying the spores on its tip into the air The jelly lubricates the extending shaft and helps keep the mass of spores ... body beneath the soil and become exposed as the mushroom surfaces and expands its cap Very few genes specify the emergence of the fruiting body and the bolete remains buried when these mutate ... tinea capitis, the fungus invades the hair shaft, weakening the structure with an enzymatic vomit, and then reemerges on the outside of the hair and showers the scalp with spores These spores can...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Facile template-free synthesis of pine needle-like Pd micro/nano-leaves and their associated electro-catalytic activities toward oxidation of formic acid" pot
... the mechanism for shape separation YD is the PI of the project participating in the design of the study and revised the manuscript, and conducted coordination PY, CW, and JX gave the advice and ... electrocatalytic activity of the catalysts and the anodic scan allows the formation and builds up of the poisonous intermediate, we thereby focus our observations on the evolution of the anodic scans, as ... of the oxidized Pd oxide and the removal of the incompletely oxidized carbonaceous species formed in the forward scan The oxidation peak in the forward scan is usually employed to evaluate the...
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Báo cáo khoa học " An examination of antibacterial and antifungal properties of constituents of Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) and Oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) mushrooms " doc
... Wildtype hand bacteria Wildtype hand bacteria Wildtype hand bacteria Yeasts and filamentous fungi Aspergillus flavus QC 6658 Aspergillus fumigatus 27.5 Aspergillus niger 27.5 Candida albicans Candida ... were added and the inoculum allowed to dry prior to incubation, as detailed above Following this, plates were examined visually and any inhibition noted and its diameter measured (mm) and recorded ... environmental and clinically important microorganisms using Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) and Oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) mushrooms 0.1% (w/v) peptone saline acted as the negative control and the antibiotic,...
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Báo cáo khoa học " Chitin content of cultivated mushrooms Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes Janos Vetter " doc
... of sporocarps (pileus and stipe) of the three cultivated species and to establish and compare the chitin contents of some common and frequently used varieties, such as the most important cultivated ... flushes 1, and 3, respectively) Comparing the data of flushes for pileus, between flushes and there was a significant difference (p < 0.05), but among the other consecutive flushes (1–2; 2–3) there were ... species had higher, and the wood-rotting L edodes, and mainly the P ostreatus, the lower levels The Table Chitin concentration of different varieties of Pleurous ostreatus Variety and part of fruit...
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Báo cáo tin học: "Spanning Trees with Many Leaves and Average Distance" ppt
... vertices, where the maximal interior path has order t and there are k leaves on one side of the binary star and l on the other See Figure Let R(n, t) denote the binary star of order n where the maximal ... sometimes the minimum degree and sometimes the second smallest degree) Conjecture 177 remains open The proof of Theorem is not difficult, but we defer all proofs to a later section The next theorem is the ... G, then σG (u, v) denotes the distance between u and v in G This is the length of a shortest path in G connecting u and v The Wiener index or total distance of G, denoted by W = W (G), is the...
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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Seasonal and intraspecific variation of frost tolerance in leaves of three Canarian laurel forest tree species" doc
... laurel forest tree species growing in the Canary Islands in order to understand whether the effect of freezing temperatures in the past could be the cause of their present confinement Chlorophyll ... the cold season Data represent the mean of six measurements with their standard deviations MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Plant material Leaves inserted in the upper and outer crown (sun leaves) and ... gradually The first symptoms were a blushing of the main and secondary veins Then small brown necrotic patches appeared on the surface of the leaves which, with the decrease in temperature, covered the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "An efficient micro-method of DNA isolation from mature leaves of four hardwood tree species Acer, Fraxinus, Prunus and Quercus" pdf
... table I Among the four commercial kits tested, only the Nucleon Phytopure kit yielded DNA but only from in vitro culture and not from other sources of plant material The method of Sul and Korban ... tube and centrifuged at 17 000g in order to pellet possible debris The supernatant was then transferred to a new tube and an equivalent volume of isopropanol was added to the aqueous solution The ... aqueous solution The tube was swirled gently and a white DNA precipitate appeared The tube was then centrifuged at 17 000 g and the supernatant was withdrawn The DNA pellet was washed with mL 70 %...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Consequences of an excess Al and a deficiency in Ca and Mg for stomatal functioning and net carbon assimilation of beech leaves" ppt
... K+ fluxes between the guard cells and the epidermal cells On the other hand, such investigation gives no information about Ca2+ and Al3+ concentrations in the apoplast or in the cytosol 2.4 Statistical ... 21] and Picea abies [16, 32] This study confirms that Al reduces the uptake and the translocation of Ca and Mg The raise in K leaf concentration could not be attributed to the depletion in Ca and ... fractions in the air and in the sub-stomatal spaces (µmol mol-1); PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density (µmol m-2 s-1); SD, standard deviation INTRODUCTION The role of nutrient imbalance in the worsening...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "The effect of light acclimation of single leaves on whole tree growth and competition – an application of the tree growth model ALMIS" doc
... each other decreased to less than 50% of the external level The first leaf of the adaptive type then switched its gas exchange from sun to shade characteristics Thereafter, the sun type and the ... either of the other types Subsequent differences between the carbon gain of the first leaves of the sun type and the adaptive type reflected the interplay between increasing total foliage and ... area), but the actual pool sizes result from the matter fluxes within the whole system The formation of new internodes and roots depends on the local supply of assimilates in the Meristem and Roottips,...
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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Limitation of photosynthetic activity by CO 2 availability in the chloroplasts of oak leaves from different species and during drought" pdf
... than the atmospheric (c and the sub) a stomatal (c CO mole fractions; c was ) i2 a /c 0.37, 0.42 and 0.47, and c 0.64, 0.59 , a /c i and 0.60 for Q petraea, Q ilex and Q robur, respectively These ... experiments, the calibration of the relationship between Φ and Φ was perII eformed at 2% O and 350 μmol mol CO and by -1 , measuring A and Φ at increasing irradiances II eΦ was then ... of the adaxial surface was computed (400-700 nm) as the difference: over RESULTS the PAR with T, transmittance and R, reflectance These values were compared to the computed mean value of the...
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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Starch and soluble carbohydrates in leaves of water-stressed oak saplings" ppsx
... saplings of Q petraea The aim of these experiments was to assess whether the decline in leaf photosynthesis was accompanied by a change in the partitioning of photosynthates and whether this change ... soluble carbohydrates (Turner and Jones, 1980; Morgan, 1984) We studied the effect of a moderate soil drought on the rate of CO assimilation and the amount of soluble and insoluble carbohydrates ... between starch and sucrose synthesis (Vassey and Sharkey, 1989) In spinach, this change in the partitioning between starch and sucrose synthesis was related to an increase in the activation of sucrose...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Distribution and variations of potassium and calcium in different cross sections of Picea abies Karst needles and Fagus sylvatica (L) leaves exposed to ozone and mild water stress" docx
... occurred in the endodermis, mesophyll and vascular bundle and in beech, they were in the parenchyma and vascular bundle and the epidermis for Ca only All these interactions were essentially in the NFA ... entering The chambers with roofs then had 70 cm deep trenches dug around them to prevent the incursion of soil water into the chambers The drought stress was begun July 1993 and then the following ... beginning of the drought period and then remained The control trees outside chambers and the trees in the NFA NS chambers were not significantly different for any measured parameter There 3% difference...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Photochemical efficiency of photosystem II in rapidly dehydrating leaves of 11 temperate and tropical tree species differing in their tolerance to drought" doc
... petraea and which was inincrease in PS II thermal deexcitation related to reduced electron consumption and decreased activity of the carbon reduction and photorespiratory cycles The question nevertheless ... note that the lowest π and ψ and wtl highest D occurred in Q petraea in the tl stand Finally, ψ at a deficit of 0.3 varied w between -2.0 and -3.8 MPa which was largely below the turgor ... kept in mind that the photochemical efficiency also decreased rather early in this species and that P candicans, one of the most drought-sensitive species tested here, also displayed rather high...
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