... large number of samples, and lead to better understanding ofthe contribution of Candidatus ‘Accumulibacter phosphatis’ to phosphorus removal in EBPR process - 41 - Journal of Water and Environment ... values for the DNA standards versus logarithm of their starting copy number was constructed A typical linear regression line is shown in Figure The averages of R2 value andthe slope ofthe calibration ... quantification results of laboratory-scale and full-scale activated sludge by the quantitative PCR method and by the FISH method, and their correlation The results from laboratory-scale activated...
... The first part of this report briefly outlines the mathematical basis ofthe method The second part presents two applications ofthe method tothe metabolism of erythrocytes andofthe microorganism, ... used to build up mathematical models ofthe gene-regulatory, signal-transducing and metabolic networks of a cell andto integrate them into whole-cell Ôin silicoÕ models The predictive capacity of ... the thermodynamic equilibrium constant ofthe reaction to take into account that reversing the direction of fluxes becomes more and more unfavourable from the thermodynamic viewpoint, as the thermodynamic...
... five Mandarin vowels [a], [i](yi), [u](wu), [e], and [o](wo) with four tones: the flat tone (tone 1), the rising tone (tone 2), the falling and rising tone (tone 3), andthe falling tone (tone ... representation ofthe envelope, that is, the formant structure, of voiced speech Therefore, the aim ofthe mel-scale subband integration (and, additionally, the truncation ofthe sequence of cepstral ... 450 Hz to 100 Hz, andthe formants ofthe vowel are 384 Hz, 2800 Hz, and 3440 Hz, which are extracted from a real female vowel The sampling rate is 8000 Hz, andthe total duration ofthe signal...
... operator P and give the e relation between T0 -periodic P C-mild solution andthe fixed point of P After showing the compactness ofthe Poincar´ operator P and obtaining the boundedness ofthe fixed ... sometimes andthe conditions for Banach fixed point theorem are too strong Our method is much different from others’, and we give a new way to show the existence of periodic solutions In addition, the ... number; and δ ∈ N τk δ denoted the number of impulsive points between and T0 The operator A is the infinitesimal generator of a C0 -semigroup {T t , t ≥ 0} on X; f is a T0 -periodic, with respect to...
... from the EcoRI site upstream ofthe U6 promoter tothe BamHI site downstream ofthe terminating sequence, were sequenced and then inserted into the cloning site ofthe baculovirus transfer vectors ... pCEP4 as the template The CMV promoter was inserted into the HindIII and EcoRI sites upstream ofthe EBNA1/OriP sequence The CMV-EBNA1/ OriP unit was digested with PmeI, and inserted into the NaeI ... the BamHI site downstream ofthe terminating sequences, were sequenced and then inserted into the cloning site ofthe pVL1392-EPCMV baculovirus transfer vector to produce the plasmid pVL1392-EP-shRNA...
... Figure The GSH/GSSG ratio ofthe prototype and expanded models The GSH/GSSG ratio ofthe prototype and expanded models The prototype model (A) andthe expanded model (B) Page of 11 (page number not ... hexokinase and pyruvate kinase, andthe maximum activity of these enzymes was allowed to change according tothe ratio of GSH and GSSG The equations and parameters used are derived from the literature ... evidence ofthe disease until the RBCs are exposed to oxidant stress The compensatory effect ofthe de novo GSH synthesis and GSSG export pathways may thus help to explain why many varieties of G6PD...
... transfer its momentum hq and energy ∆Eo tothe v v electrons ofthe solid The projection of q upon the surface kx determines the plasmon wave vector and, together with the dispersion relation, the ... schematic sketch ofthe cavity system considered in this chapter The distance ofthe center ofthe cavity tothe surface is h The major and minor axis ofthe cavity are denoted ˆ as a and b respectively ... specifically, the Maxwell equation for the considered cavity system was solved The solution shows the effect ofthe aspect ratio ofthe cavity on the field structure and spectral response ofthe system...
... refractive index of water 120 Fig 12 A schematic sketch ofthe cavity system considered in this chapter The distance ofthe center ofthe cavity tothe surface is h The major and minor axis ofthe cavity ... assist the development of bio-compatible implants (8) All these and many other examples have substantiated the significance of PLs, and an understanding of their molecular mechanisms is therefore ... Nano-focusing of Optical Energy anditsApplicationto Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Study by Kiang Wei Kho SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OFTHE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY...
... Repair of fans, motors and voltage regulator; Repair and maintenance of refrigerators and air conditioning Since the time factor and scope ofthe research, the thesis will develop a process to apply ... sectors of interest focus, especially in the matter of raising the quality and effectiveness of training The quality ofthe training is closely related to many factors, including theapplicationof ... like the theory of psychology of activities of A.N.Leonchiep, theory of formation of period-based intellectual actions of P.Ia.Galperin, theory of learning via the circle of experience is one of...
... c) FDDI, d) token ring In the autumn of 1999, out of 80 questions, the number ofthe first and second types were 22 and 18, respectively 4.3 Implementing a QA system For the first type of question, ... search their knowledge base (i.e., memory) for the description of a given term, and compare that description with four candidates Then they would choose the candidate that is most similar tothe ... description For the second type of question, human examinees would search their knowledge base for the description of each of four candidate terms Then they would choose the candidate term whose...
... antigen binding and presentation to CD8 + cytolytic T cells In HFE, the proximity ofthe two a helices andthe presence of amino acid side chains that project into the groove appear to prevent peptide ... located at the end of an a-helical region ofthe HFE a1 domain (V100 and W103A) as being of particular importance for TfR1 interactions [16,17,20] The effect of HFE binding to TfR1 is to lower the affinity ... 3222 in the presence or absence of tunicamycin Drug treatments resulted in the accumulation of forms ofthe mutant proteins that were of lower apparent molecular mass andof similar size tothe unglycosylated...
... prefer to avoid resizing and referencing is to (1) find the least upper bound ofthe types ofthe frames being unified, (2) update one frame's type tothe least upper bound, and point the other's ... one ( ) for unifying the representatives ofand , one ( ) for unifying the representatives ofand , and one ( ) for unifying the representatives ofand Notice that the set of representatives for ... representation to it, and (3) recurse on respective pairs of feature values The frame does not need to be resized, only the types need to be referenced, and in the special case of promoting the type of a...
... lexical forms andthe inflection forms ofthe two morphemes preceding µ; the POS tags andthe lexical forms ofthe two morphemes following µ; the lexical form andthe inflection form of µ The preceding ... tags andthe lexical forms ofthe two words preceding w, which are given by HMMs; the POS tags andthe lexical forms ofthe two words following w; the lexical form of w andthe prefixes and suffixes ... }: the set of classes, # xi : the ith training example, # yi ∈ C: the class of xi , # k: the number of classes, # l: the number of training examples, # ni : the ordered indexes of C # (see the...
... information Therefore, the global information is also used to detect the beginning ofthe clauses If the end of a clause is given, the bunsetsus tothe left ofthe clause should satisfy the two conditions ... because in the three cases the bunsetsu tothe immediate left depends on the target bunsetsu On the other hand, the bunsetsu “父から, chichi-kara” is the most likely to be the beginning since the bunsetsu ... boundaries The main reason for this is our method could not distinguish between the ends ofthe inserted clauses and those ofthe sentences, since the same words often appeared at the ends of both, and...
... into the pattern ofthe multicomponent mixture distillation and better understanding ofthe methods of design ofthe units used for the separation of these mixtures As Chapter introduced, the ... ofthe feed components) As far as the aim of distillation is, more often, the separation ofthe mixture into pure components, we are mostly interested in the sharp splits The rest ofthe splits ... recovery andthe problem ofthe maximum yield ofthe most valuable products in the separation of thermolabile mixtures (e.g., the maximum yield ofthe light product in oil refining) Applicationof optimal...
... independent of others, MI is Knowing the theoretical values of both entropy and MI, we can compare the calculated estimates for a finite sequence tothe theoretical values to determine the magnitude of ... overestimation of MI in finite sequences is a factor ofthe length ofthe string, alphabet size, and frequency ofthe characters that make up the string We investigated the significance of this error ... properties of a protein sequence To improve our characterization, we combine these different methods to create of vector of MI scores Using the flexibility of MI and existing knowledge of protein...
... assigning tothe pair [u1,s , v1,s ] the values ofthe corresponding two components ofthe vector h that are input tothe sth operation ofthe first stage ofthe flowgraph If, however, both of these ... components ofthe vector x j −1 that are passed tothe sth operation ofthe current stage ofthe flowgraph Again if both of these components are equal to zero, then arbitrarily define the corresponding ... kernels in a flowgraph ofthe structure shown on Figure so that the first output y0 ofthe flowgraph is unity and all the others are zero provided that the vector h was the input tothe flowgraph This...
... equal tothe LS estimator Also, the MV estimator is a special case of TDC with μ = The most straightforward way to specify the value of μ is to assign a constant value to it, independently ofthe ... sensitive to variations ofthe background noise level, more than tothe absolute level ofthe noise [38] For all estimators that combine the removal ofthe noise subspace with the suppression ofthe ... is provided by the SDC estimator Here, the estimate is found by minimising the signal distortion subject to constraints on the energy ofthe projections ofthe residual noise onto the signal subspace...
... ofthe original values) Such a reduction in flux due tothe deletion of either ofthe two ICL genes would be too small to lead to elimination ofthe bacilli Competitive inhibition of ICLs The ... inhibitor of ICL1 and ICL2 along with inhibition of ICD1-kinase and/ or the proposed inactivator of ICD2 Inhibition of ICD1-kinase and/ or proposed inactivator of ICD2 would increase the amount of ... represents the sum of flux through ICD1 and ICD2, and solid line represents the sum of flux through ICL1 and ICL2 The effect of inhibitor is shown by varying the ratio of I/KI the simulation, driving the...
... vector and clone sequence, ccv,end and νcv,end denote the positions ofthe end ofthe matched region on the clone and vector sequence, respectively Likewise, cce,start and ece,start denote the ... positions ofthe match of clone and Ensembl sequence o is the start position ofthe ORF on the Ensembl transcript sequence For clones that are in-frame tothe vector-encoded start codon and His-tag, the ... insert has to be cloned in-frame tothe vector-encoded start codon and His-tag The reading frames ofthe clones' cDNA inserts were determined from the positions of Ensembl transcript and vector sequences...