the autonomic nervous system

... access to autonomic function that no other system of the body can boast The Nervous System Divisions What is the Autonomic Nervous System? Function of ANS Two Divisions Sympathetic NS The Stress ... cardiac autonomic nervous tone The effect produced on the heart when only the parasympathetic nerve fibers (which are carried in the vagus nerve) are controlling the heart rate The parasympathetic ... works  Physiological changes to the nervous system  Stimulation of the Vagus nerve through breathing practices  Activation of the Parasympathetic NS  Induction of the relaxation response  Yoga...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2015, 01:08

... compose the output of the sympathetic system make it possible for these disparate effectors to come together in a coordinated, systemic change The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system ... Parasympathetic Division of the Autonomic Nervous System The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is named because its central neurons are located on either side of the thoracolumbar ... mechanisms in the body, which is also part of what the endocrine system does The key to understanding the autonomic system is to explore the response pathways the output of the nervous system The way...

Ngày tải lên: 25/08/2016, 13:51

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 01:20

... by the time of the emergence of the Plathelminthes in the evolutionary history The eye of the planarian is one of the most ancestral and primitive types of visual systems in animals and is 950 ... cloning the planarian cytochrome b561 cDNA [40] The cytochrome b561 gene product was specifically expressed in the planarian nervous system [40], suggesting that the AsA-related electron transfer system, ... used in the present study The broad white bar and the two flanking small white bars represent the coding region and the noncoding regions of the planarian PHM cDNA, respectively; whereas the two...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... that the lack of CCR5 does not protect from MS, but rather it may predispose to the chronic course of the disease [69] This would further imply that in view of the redundancy in the chemokine system, ... protection from MS, and the lack of effect of CCL3 deficiency in mice [67] illustrates redundancy in the chemokine system Although some of the data on the role of CCR5 in the pathogenesis of MS ... Sozzani S: The chemokine superfamily: crosstalk with the IL-1 system Immunobiology 1996, 195:522-49 Stoll G, Jander S: The role of microglia and macrophages in the pathophysiology of the CNS Prog...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... disciplines discuss aging of the autonomic nervous system from a variety of perspectives Given the fact that aging of the parasympathetic elements of the autonomic nervous system is not nearly as ... that the central nervous system has received far more research attention than has the peripheral nervous system Nevertheless, age-related changes and diseases involving the peripheral nervous system, ... Autonomic Nervous System Boca Raton, CRC Press, 1993 Lipsitz LA: Aging and the autonomic nervous system; in Robertson D, Low PA, Polinsky RJ (eds): Primer on the Autonomic Nervous System San...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 20:20

... transmitters require the same data used to establish the transmitters of the autonomic nervous system (seeChapter 6: Neurotransmission: The Autonomic and Somatic Motor Nervous Systems) The transmitter ... into the dorsal cord, and motor commands exit via the ventral portion The preganglionic neurons of the autonomic nervous system (seeChapter 6: Neurotransmission: The Autonomic and Somatic Motor Nervous ... damage to the corpus striatum or to selected circuits ending there (seeJones, 1998) The hypothalamus is the principal integrating region for the entire autonomic nervous system, and, among other functions,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/07/2014, 20:21

... are planned that further reduce the dose of craniospinal radiation to 1,800 cGy, virtually no attention has been paid to the possible contribution of the chemotherapy to the cognitive decline ... support to boost the immune system, and either no craniospinal radiation or focused radiation to the tumor bed The increased risk of neurotoxicity associated with very high doses of chemotherapy is ... combination chemotherapy to the treatment regimens instead For example, attempts to reduce the dose of radiation to the brain and spinal cord from 3,600 centiGray (cGy) to 2,400 cGy led to the development...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... chemotherapy or if they represent a combination of the response to chemotherapy and, for example, physiological changes caused by the body’s reaction to the presence of a tumor In addition, the ... seen in the CC of the control; (b) in the CC from a 5-FU-treated animal, the cellular density in the CC has decreased markedly (e,f) The expression of MBP seen in control animals (e) (the fiber-like ... contribute to the effects of chemotherapy on cognition The ability of irradiation to the CNS to suppress the generation of new neurons in the hippocampus has been suggested to be relevant to the understanding...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... also found that the agents caused increased cell death and decreased cell division in the subventricular zone, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the corpus callosum in mice These effects ... injury due to cancer treatment The knowledge gained from this and other studies will guide the development of translational clinical research to protect the nervous system from injury, to better ... hippocampus and the corpus callosum), primarily in progenitor cells and oligodendrocytes To determine whether these findings resulted in functional impairment, they investigated the auditory brainstem...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... in the nonneurological control brain Both nNOS and iNOS immunoreactivity was recognized in the brain of control goats No inflammatory cells were found in the brain sections of control animals The ... positive-staining bacteria were found in the neuronal processes Both nNOS and iNOS immunoreactivity were found in a proportion of the neurons in the brainstem and the staining pattern was similar to ... occurred This is the first study of NOS expression in the goat brain with listeriosis The involvement of iNOS in bovine and caprine listeriosis has been reported previously, and the increased expression...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:23

... wrote the initial draft WY drew the pictures WZ revised the draft SL described the MRI features GL provided the pathological diagnosis TJ was the surgeon and gave the final approval of the version ... Angiitis of the Central Nervous System: a Case Report and Review CNS Spectrums 2008, 13:209-213 Page of 10 Ozawa T, Sasaki O, Sorimachi T, Tanaka R: Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: ... angiitis of the central nervous system: serial MRI of brain and spinal cord Neuroradiology 2001, 43:599-607 14 Moore PM: Diagnosis and management of isolated angiitis of the central nervous system...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 02:20

... previous studies on neuronal degeneration in dt/dt mice focused on the sensory nerve system [3,5], whereas the autonomic nervous system was seldom addressed In our previous study of spinal motor ... dt/dt mice (Figure 1) Sympathetic denervation in the sweat gland of dt/dt mice To investigate sympathetic innervation, the skin of the footpad was immunoassayed using the antibody against PGP 9.5 ... on these findings, we hypothesize that BPAG1 gene has an important role in the normal development of the ciliary ganglion The loss of BPAG1n, a cytoskeleton linker protein, in neurons of sympathetic...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... known that the nanoparticles will interact with the proteins present in the biological system, i.e the material surrounding the nanoparticles are proteins present in the nervous system of the cockroach ... model system We study the effects and interactions of negatively charged gold nanoparticles (nAuNPs) with the cockroaches CNS in vivo The authors refer to the nervous system as the brain and the ... Begley DJ: Delivery of therapeutic agents to the central nervous system: The problems and the possibilities Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2004, 104:29-45 29 Vinson SB: The role of the foreign surface...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 00:22

... the neurons The research group detected the significant presence of H2S in the brain homogenate preparation of CBS-/- mice (Shibuya et al., 2009) Kimura further observed that 3-MST acts together ... (Sparatore et al., 2011) These findings highlight the potential therapeutic benefit of H2S in PD which can be achieved either by the administration of exogenous H2S or the modulation of endogenous ... for the dementia (WHO) The DSM-IV-TR, 28       also classifies the DAT as early onset (65 years or below) and late onset (65 years or above) (APA) The DM-IV-TR further categorizes DAT of the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 08:17

... functional therapeutic effects to ameliorate the diseases The most ideal human gene therapy is the perfect combination of these three components to generate a safe and effective way for the delivery ... central nervous system (CNS) Chapter Introduction In the past decades, more than 400 clinical gene therapy studies have been evaluated, yet only a few have been directed to diseases of the nervous system, ... into the cells, release from the endosomal compartment into the cytoplasm, and uptake of the DNA into the nucleus This multi-step process indicates that there are many factors affecting the transfection...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 10:15

... functions of the therapeutic genes 1.1.2 Non-viral and Viral Gene Delivery Systems Depending on the usage of vectors, there are two main types of gene delivery systems: non-viral and viral systems ... within the cell is reverse transcribed into double-stranded DNA which can then integrate randomly into the host cell genome The use of retrovirus vectors for gene delivery to the nervous system ... non-viral gene delivery remains a critical drawback of the system On the other hand, viral gene delivery systems are favoured because of the high efficiency of infective viral vectors Many types...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 11:28

... 2001) These data indicate that the expression of Rag1 in the nervous system is conserved among vertebrate species and suggest a function 1.2.2 A brief overview of the nervous system The nervous system ... According to these functions, the nervous system is categorized as sensory system, integrating system and motor system respectively (Delcomyn, 1998) The structural organization of the nervous system ... 12 1.2 Rags in the nervous system 13 1.2.1 The expression of Rag genes in the nervous system 13 1.2.2 A brief overview of the nervous system 16 1.2.3 Questions about the neuronal function of Rag1...

Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2015, 17:09

... specificity of the therapeutic gene is primarily determined by the activity of the promoter at the transcriptional level, and the duration of the transgene expression can also be influenced by the selection ... cells in the nervous system, carrying out the fundamental tasks of receiving, conducting and transmitting signals Therapeutic protection of these cells is one of the main goals of gene therapy ... of promoters The gene delivery vector that carries and transfers the gene into the nuclei of target cell is another key Chapter Introduction issue of gene therapy The tropism of the vector can...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:30

... axons that they have reached their target neurons in the tectum The Recombination activating gene-1 (RAG1) is expressed in the vertebrate immune system and in the nervous system, including the zebrafish ... plate The eye is covered with a melanin rich retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) The RGCs in the eye project their axons to the optic tectum in the midbrain Apart from the major target, which is the ... 1999) The role of Eph-Ephrin signaling is well studied in the visual system (discussed in first section), but they are also known to be involved in axon guidance elsewhere in the nervous system The...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:31