testing and logical fault tolerance for parallel programs

... justification of voluntary trades The demand for publically documented objective evaluations of social programs arises in large part from a demand for information by rival parties in the democratic ... of Y1 and Y° (given D = and X), the distribution of is normal with mean and variance VAR(L) and deconvolution is easy to perform Under this assumption, we can estimate the voting criterion and ... level or better for every value of a This evidence suggests that personal objectives and program objectives are aligned for adult women Results for youth are mixed For male youth, for whom the mean...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 01:20

... TOOLS AND ENVIRONMENTS FOR PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING Edited by Salim Hariri Manish Parashar A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION TOOLS AND ENVIRONMENTS FOR PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED ... processed in parallel and thus Tools and Environments for Parallel and Distributed Computing, Edited by Salim Hariri and Manish Parashar ISBN 0-471-33288-7 Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Inc PARALLEL ... Marinescu Parallel Computing on Heterogeneous Networks / Alexey L Lastovetsky Tools and Environments for Parallel and Distributed Computing / Salim Hariri and Manish Parashar (Editors) TOOLS AND ENVIRONMENTS...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... discussed References and resources for providers and patients are listed at the end Ten Points for Testing and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Target all testing for TB infection to ... fundamental aspects of testing and treatment of LTBI (see “Ten Points for Testing and Treatment of LTBI”) and provides a Five-Step Guide Topics covered include whom to test for TB, revised LTBI ... Department guidelines for this test Another blood-based test, the Elispot® is approved for clinical use in Europe and is undergoing testing in the United States Testing programs using the QuantiFERON®...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... California students take tests that are a part of the Standardized Testing and Reporting (STAR) Program Most students take the California Standards Tests (CSTs), which were developed for California ... schools and are aligned to the California content standards California standards are statements of what students are expected to know and and what schools are expected to teach Students and their ... test that is right for his or her age and individual needs • The California Standards Tests (CSTs) are for California public schools and are aligned to the state content standards Students in...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 19:20

... memory and on disk 1.3 Existing Approaches to Software Fault Tolerance Current strategies for reducing the impact of software errors on systems fall into two classes: fault prevention and fault tolerance ... Since fault prevention alone is not effective, software fault tolerance techniques are used to detect and mask errors when they occur in the system Like hardware fault tolerance, software fault tolerance ... of outages to 62% By 1989, the second and third largest contributors, operations and hardware, were at fault only 15% and 7% of the time, respectively For Tandem, the trend is not due to worsening...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 13:32

... Normal (e-006) Fault (e-004) Data Normal Normal Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Variance 3.0529 4.7796 1.3400 1.2244 1.0634 1.0831 2.6596 2.5383 Mean of variance 3.91625 1.651467 fault detection ... signal with wear fault between swash plate and slipper of hydraulic pump were used for fault detection Figure 13 shows the residual error of wear fault between swash plate and slipper Fault detection ... experiments that different types of faults might represent the same fault form, accordingly, the proposed method is not suitable for performing fault location but for conducting condition monitoring...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 00:20

... balance in all cases 13 5.5 Parallel Performance in the GeForce 9800 GX2 GPU In this subsection we evaluate the parallel performance of both G-ATDCA and G-RX in the NVidia GeForce 9800 GX2 GPU Table ... Center in Maryland and an NVidia GeForce 9800 GX2 GPU Experimental results, oriented towards analyzing the target/anomaly detection accuracy and parallel performance of the proposed parallel algorithms, ... “Massively parallel Fourier-transform spectral imaging and hyperspectral image processing,” Optics and Laser Technology, vol 25, p 202, 1993 T El-Ghazawi, S Kaewpijit, and J L Moigne, Parallel and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 18:20

... (fault avoidance and fault tolerance) , and (2) those that contribute to validation of the software after it is developed (fault removal and fault forecasting) Briefly, the techniques are: • Fault ... prevent fault introduction and occurrence; • Fault removal: to detect the existence of faults and eliminate them; • Fault/ failure forecasting: to estimate the presence of faults and the occurrence and ... software testing, formal inspection, and formal design proofs 10 Software Fault Tolerance Techniques and Implementation 1.3.2.1 Software Testing The most common fault removal techniques involve testing...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... diversity for fault tolerance Team-Fly® Structuring Redundancy for Software Fault Tolerance % purposes—data and temporal diversity To assist in developing and evaluating software fault tolerance ... combination of techniques from four risk mitigation areas: fault avoidance, fault removal, fault forecasting, and fault tolerance Unfortunately, there is no single combination of these techniques ... Redundancy for Software Fault Tolerance "# • They provide well-defined interfaces for the definition and imple- mentation of fault tolerance schemes • They consist, in general, of three parts of a fault- tolerant...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... A., and T Anderson, Fault Tolerance: Principles and Practice, New York: Springer-Verlag, 2nd ed., 1990 [61] Duncan, R V., Jr., and L L Pullum, “Object-Oriented Executives and Components for Fault ... Cost-Effective and Flexible Scheme for Software Fault Tolerance, Univ of Newcastle upon Tyne, Tech Rep No 372, 1992 [65] Xu, J., A Bondavalli, and F DiGiandomenico, Software Fault Tolerance: Dynamic ... basis for understanding the space and time requirements of, and possible trade-offs between, the software fault tolerance techniques being considered for use Software fault tolerance also introduces...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... 92] summarizes the key fault tolerance activities and issues for this phase • Description of system behavior in presence of faults: Fault assumptions (faults considered, faults discarded); • System ... Concept,” in M R Lyu (ed.), Software Fault Tolerance, New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1995, pp 1–21 [21] Anderson, T., and J Knight, “A Framework for Software Fault Tolerance in RealTime Systems,” ... Software Fault Tolerance Techniques and Implementation Table 4.2 Software Fault Tolerance Dependability Investigations Comment References Combined analysis of hardware and software fault tolerance...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... illustrations and discussion of architectures for NVP tolerating one fault and that for tolerating two consecutive faults 4.2.3.2 Performance There have been numerous investigations into the performance ... combination of distributed and/ or parallel processing and recovery blocks that provides both hardware and software fault tolerance The DRB scheme has been steadily expanded and supported by testbed ... invocations Laprie and colleagues [19] provide illustrations and discussion of architectures for NSCP tolerating one fault and that for tolerating two consecutive faults 4.4.3.2 Performance There...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... [16] Anderson, T., and P A Lee, “Software Fault Tolerance, ” in Fault Tolerance: Principles and Practice, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1981, pp 249–291 [17] Randell, B., Fault Tolerance and ... variants, executive, and DMs (ATs and voting type); additional execution time for the executive and the DMs; and synchronization overhead 170 Software Fault Tolerance Techniques and Implementation ... software fault tolerance techniques described The structure of the table and the entries for the RcB, NVP, and NSCP techniques were developed by Laprie and colleagues [19] Entries for the DRB, CRB, and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... Software Fault Tolerance Techniques and Implementation The NCP technique uses a decision mechanism (DM) (see Section 7.1) and forward recovery (see Section 1.4.2) to accomplish fault tolerance ... Section 7.1) and both forward and backward recovery (see Sections 1.4.1 and 1.4.2) to accomplish fault tolerance The technique uses one or more DRA (see Sections 2.3.1 through 2.3.3) and at least ... software fault tolerance techniques depends on the performance of the re-expression algorithm used Several ways to perform data re-expression and insight on actual reexpression algorithms and their...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... Redundancy for the Detection and Tolerance of Software Faults,” Proceedings: Interface ’90, East Lansing, MI, 1990 [13] Anderson, T., and P A Lee, “Software Fault Tolerance, ” in Fault Tolerance: ... selfprotective and self-checking components, and is derived from an approach to fault tolerance in which system goals are made explicit It was evolved from the efforts of Taylor and Black [9] and Bastani and ... Other Software Fault Tolerance Techniques $! Table 6.3 Some of the Other Software Fault Tolerance Techniques Technique Name Description Algorithmic fault tolerance Algorithmic fault tolerance describes...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... t/(n − 1)-Diagnosability and Its Applications to Fault Tolerance, ” Proceedings: FTCS-21, Montreal, Canada, 1991, pp 496–503 [33] Xu, J., and B Randell, “Software Fault Tolerance: t/(n − 1)-Variant ... P -N., and J Blankenship, “Correspondent Computing for Software Implementation Fault Tolerance, ” Proceedings: Symposium on Applied Computing, 1990, pp 12–19 [31] Wu, J., “Software Fault Tolerance ... voting and 2-out-of-n is the lower bound [33] For m = 2, consensus voting is the same as majority voting Consensus voting and CRB-based systems were found [27] to perform better, and more uniformly,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... background, and design and programming guidelines and techniques for software fault tolerance The next three chapters described design diverse, data diverse, and other software fault tolerance ... AT for a given situation ATs can be designed so that they test for what a program should or for what a program should not 314 Software Fault Tolerance Techniques and Implementation Testing for ... Software Fault- Tolerance, ” in J Zalewski and W Ehrenberger (eds.), Hardware and Software for Real Time Process Control, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., NorthHolland, 1989 324 Software Fault Tolerance...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 12:23

... subjected to electrophoresis at 250 V and 25 mA at 4°C for h and gel slices were stained for ADH (Harris and Hopkinson, 1976) The genetic control of ADH banding patterns was interpreted from the ... Hopkinson DA (1976) Handbook of Enzyme Electrophoresis in Human Genetics North Holland, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Hickey DA, McLean MD (1980) Selection for ethanol tolerance and Adh allozymes in ... electromorphs of l parents, F and F progeny of several single-pair matings The genetic indices were calculated by standard statistical formulae (Ferguson, 1980) Ethanol and acetic-acid tolerance patterns...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... transfer vectors and Gag-Pol expression constructs are outlined in Figures and The constructs based on HIV-1 and SIV have been previously described [4,32] and were kind gifts of D Trono and K Uberla ... resuspended in DMEM containing 10% FCS and 1% PSF and centrifuged at 10,000 RPM for minutes The supernatant was removed and cells were resuspended in DMEM/10% FCS and plated onto Poly-D-Lysine coated ... lentiviral and adeno associated viral vectors expressing therapeutic genes that will affect differentiation and serve as markers of cell fate is a promising approach for procuring cells for transplantation...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21