... RealPro (Lavoie and Ram-
bow, 1997), transforms them into English sentences.
Figs. 5 and 6 show the control flow in DIAG-
NLP2 for feedback generationfor ConsultInd and
ConsultRU. Step 3a in Fig. ... empirical base for aggregation rules than what
is normally found in the literature, e.g. (Dalianis,
1996; Shaw, 2002).
As regards NL interfaces for ITSs, research on the
next generation of ITSs ... briefly de-
scribe that as well. We will then discuss the formal
evaluation we conducted and our results.
2 Natural Language Generationfor DIAG
DIAG (Towne, 1997) is a shell to build ITSs based
on...
... can
create a scavenger class for the CS1 traffic, allocating bandwidth even less than best effort for
it. This prevents traffic anomalies that can impair network performance.
More detailed descriptions ... Server (CA server)—Used for IKE authentication for crypto IPsec tunnels.
• AAA server—Used to control AAA functions on network devices and to provide a repository for
account information, authorization ... Integration Design for the Next Generation WAN Edge v2.0
OL-11727-01
Design and Implementation
iACL and Logging on the Cisco 7304 and the 7301 Platforms
On the Cisco 7304 or Cisco 7301 platforms, the...
... The test is intended for students en-
rolled in grades three through eight and includes an exit-level component.
The state requires satisfactory performance on the TAAS exit-level tests for
high ... accommodations on test performance
and assist them as they work with others to formulate and refine NAEP’s
reporting policies.
19
4
State Policies on Including,
Accommodating, and Reporting Results
for Students ... as to hear firsthand accounts of states’ experiences. This information is
useful for NAEP’s stewards as they formulate new policy for NAEP and is
especially relevant, given the comparisons between...
... constraint solver
for a satisfying assignment ¯s
1
of ϕ, then a satisfying assign-
ment ¯s
2
for ϕ∧¬[¯s
1
], then for ϕ∧¬[¯s
1
]∧¬[¯s
2
], etc. Iterating
157
Dynamic Test Input Generationfor Database ... and directing test cases to ex-
ercise different program behaviors. Unfortunately, for many
applications, manual and directed testgeneration is pro-
hibitively expensive, and manual tests must be ... SAT
solver [8, 10, 25]. First, for each atomic formula of the form
x IS NULL we set the variable x to NULL, and then propagate
NULL values through the formula. If the formula evaluates
to UNKNOWN,...
... 2002 to 2004, and
the test set consists of sentence pairs from NIST
evaluation data from 2005 to 2006. There are 759
testing cases for measure word generation in our
test data consisting of ... target
information during the measure word generation
process. We do not integrate our measure word
generation module into the SMT decoder since
there is only little target contextual information ... al., 2002) changes be-
fore and after applying our measure word genera-
tion method to the SMT output. For our test data,
we only consider sentences containing measure
words for Bleu score evaluation....
... this system’s performance is satisfac-
tory, its behavior is not like human beings. For a
computer system, the lenient testing collection is
fuzzier and contains more information for judg-
ment. ... lenient metric is applied
for generating the gold standard for this collection.
5 An Opinion System CopeOpi
A Chinese opinion extraction system for opinion-
ated information, CopeOpi, is introduced ... pages 89–92,
Prague, June 2007.
c
2007 Association for Computational Linguistics
Test Collection Selection and Gold Standard Generation
for a Multiply-Annotated Opinion Corpus
Lun-Wei Ku,...
... for a Large-Scale Test Facility for Research on the Effects of Extreme Winds on Structures
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/6458.html
Committee to Review the Need for a Large-scale Test Facility for ... Need for a Large-Scale Test Facility for Research on the Effects of Extreme Winds on Structures
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/6458.html
Review of the Need for a Large-
scale Test Facility for Research
on ... full-system testing vs. small-scale or component
testing?
Although respondents highlighted many benefits of full-scale testing over small-scale or component testing,
they also pointed out that tests...
... Trainable sentence planning for complex in-
formation presentation in spoken dialog systems. In
Association for Computational Linguistics.
R. Sutton and A. Barto. 1998. Reinforcement Learn-
ing. MIT ... context or the user. Reinforcement
Learning (RL) provides a principled, data-driven
optimisation framework for our type of planning
problem (Sutton and Barto, 1998).
3 The Information Presentation ... al.,
2007). We therefore include “cognitive load” as a
variable when training the policy (see Section 6).
In addition to the trade-off between length and
informativeness for single NLG strategies,...
...
computer in logical synthesis of counting circuit. This is the aim of this article.
1. Synthesizing counting circuits using similar forms
For the method of synthesizing digital counting circuits ... can form the relation between P, F and ε for two forms of
circuit functions. (Figure 5)
with ∆ε = 2
ℓ
= 2
3
= 8
Nguyen Quy Thuong
62
Through investigating circuit functions forms B for ...
Now we can form a formula to find B:
()
=Π +
=
k
BQb
ii
i1
, with
=
=
=
1b0
i
b
i
0b1
i
(12)
From this we can form the formula to identify the circuit function for each
corresponding...
... such as RELATIVE CLAUSE for the
INFER relation, PERIOD HOWEVER CUE WORD for
CONTRAST, and ALTHOUGH ADVERBIAL CLAUSE
for CONCESS, that we hypothesize to result in more
formal language. Extravert ... indicate a range of settings for this
parameter, suggested by the psychological findings,
to produce introverted vs. extraverted language.
SPaRKy produces content plans for restaurant
recommendations ... full dataset of
160 averaged ratings for the random parameter utter-
ances. Each utterance was associated with a feature
vector with the generation decisions for each param-
eter in Section 2....
... in the grammars. The system is
tested on two implemented HPSG gram-
mars: Jacy for Japanese, and the ERG for
English. Using this system, we were able
to increase generation coverage in Jacy by
18% ... that
it can be used for both parsing (interpreting text
into semantics) and generation (realizing seman-
tics as text). Since both parsing and generation use
the same grammar, their performance is closely
related: ... provides
much useful information for subsequent process-
ing. However, this is generally at the cost of re-
duced coverage, due both to the difficulty of pro-
viding analyses for all phenomena, and...
...
- If p~, then p is a formula.
-
If p and q are formulas, then (-p),
(p v q) are formulas.
- If m is a unary temporal operator and p is
a formula, then (m p) is a formula.
- If m is a binary ... logic, however,
is expressive power that is not necessarily
present in modal temporal logic. (But, see [K amp
68] and [GPSS 80] for comparisons of the
expressive power of modal temporal logics ... any of the
stronger forms of future possibility can be
derived it would be desirable to provide
information to that effect.
For example, if a student is not registered
for a course and has...
... 3rd Logic Programming Conference,
Uppsala, 1984.
Farinas del Cerro, L., Arthaud, A., Molog:
Programming in Modal Logic,
Fifth Generation
Computing journal,
1985.
May, R.,
Logical Form, ... extensive lexicon and
semantic compositional rules to build logical
formulas. We also use the same model for natural
language generation.
Acknowledgements
I would like to thank A. Borillo, ... taken into account, like in our
approach), s-structure (surface form of structural
description), phonetic form (PF) and logical
form (LF). The latter two levels are derived
independently from...
... distribution of test results and prev-
alence, with 10,000 realizations performed for sensitivity
and specificity of each test, and for population prevalence
of infection. Combined test characteristic ... and
prevalence for each realization were used to estimate cred-
ible intervals for predictive values.
Implications for Laboratory Practice
We evaluated the implications for testing practice of test
characteristic ... Such method-
ological approaches to resolution of test result discord-
ance as "discrepant analysis" (performing additional tests
for specimens that yield conflicting test results)...
... Not -for- Profit
Organizations Receiving Federal Awards
Replaces former OMB Circular A–128 for state
and local governments and A–133 for not -for- profit
organizations. Provides guidance for ... received and held by the governmental
agent for others; for example, taxes collected and
held by a municipality for a school district.
Governmental
and Not -for- Profit
Accounting Terminology
Glossary
cop2705X_glossary_G1-G18.indd ... of
work performed by one or more organizational
components of a governmental unit for the purpose
of accomplishing a function for which the govern-
mental unit is responsible. For example,...