ten techniques applied to esp lesson hutchinson and waters 1987 139 142

... 1: Ten techniques applied to ESP lesson (Hutchinson and Waters, 1987: 1391 42) Techniques Definition 1.1 Information Gaps One learner has some information, another does not There is a need to communicate ... necessary to meet the demand of the changing world According to Hutchinson and Waters (1987: 19), ESP is an approach for language teaching in which all decisions regarding content and methods ... knowledge to generate communication in the class The role of ESP teacher changes into one -to- one consultant to the students ESP teachers need to be flexible, good at listening to learners and interested...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 09:25

... Directed attention Deciding in advance to attend in general to a learning task and to ignore irrelevant distracters Functional planning Planning for and rehearing linguistic components necessary to carry ... organizers, directed attention and selective attention In class of teachers and 6, directed attention strategy was used from five to ten minutes These teachers asked students to ignore some irrelevant ... According to Ur (1996: 138) ―reading means reading and understanding‖ and according to Anderson (1999: 1) ―reading is not a passive process but an active fluent process which involves the reader and...

Ngày tải lên: 03/03/2015, 09:58

... addition, teachers should also pay attention to using CLT techniques such as pair works and group works to encourage learners to speak together and create chances to exchange meanings However, at ... administrators in the school should pay attention to equipping classroom with modern equipment like computers, projectors, and cassettes, TV for students to watch English programs, films, or listen to ... 1970s and 1980s Techniques that were implemented in this method 13 are learners learn to what to say and know how to say appropriately based on the situation, the participants, their roles and...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2015, 08:10

... giving me access to their college activities I want to extend my gratitude to my friends in England, particularly Selma and Adrian Montford and their family for making my stay in England richer in ... softboard 289 Photo 12.3: Spectator mathematics and pupil working individually in front of the class 297 Photo 12.4: Spectator mathematics and pupil inserting number into pocket 297 Photo 12.5: Nissan's ... thoughtful and critical comments Special mention must be accorded to Dicon Montford, Andrew Tee and Hilary Povey, for graciously giving time to read my work so thoroughly Their thoughtful and responsive...

Ngày tải lên: 11/10/2014, 04:18

... has planned and repeated listening to stories, music, sounds And vocabulary and phrases Teacher M: Planned and repeated vocabulary is built up in order to enable them to speak in sentences This ... teacher observed stopped twice during the story to monitor for understanding She asked: Do you like the story? Do you understand? Strategy 9: Read and Say For the strategy of Read and Say, students ... using words to form sentences and patterns of sentences Teacher D: You will often see picture reading and sight reading Using a few common words needed for stories, repeating over and over again...

Ngày tải lên: 15/08/2016, 16:17

... involves both listening and speaking—people need to listen to what their interlocutors say and respond to it If they are unable to listen effectively, their communication will break down (Anderson & ... (cognitive) I try to translate what I am listening to into Thai (cognitive) I try to pay full attention to and concentrate on what I am listening to, especially when I not understand it (metacognitive) ... more effort to retrieve their previous knowledge and used common sense to facilitate listening (top-down strategies), and had more integrative motivation to listen to news in English and to practice...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 05:20

... protocols, include several populations of stem cells able to restore vascularization or to transdifferentiate into functional cardiac cells: hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) which give rise to ... (USP), in particular for endotoxin content, sterility and cell potency Endotoxins are lipo-polysaccharides from gram-negative bacteria and are the most common cause of toxic reactions resulting ... makes reference to and is in coherence with the 2004/23/EC directive on donation, procurement and testing of human cells and tissues and with directive 2002/98/EC on human blood and blood components...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... between the tenth and twelfth, as the question asks Choice f refers to illuminated manuscripts throughout much of history, and so does not specifically refer to the tenth and twelfth centuries And choice ... motions and forces conservation of energy and matter interactions of energy and matter To learn more about these science topics, refer to the glossary found on page 318 You will have 40 minutes to ... Neptune and Pluto A large object called Quaoar has recently been discovered which has a density nearly identical to Pluto, Charon, and Triton Based on these facts, I conclude that Pluto is a...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... result of historical and economical factors, since this municipality is a historical center of livestock husbandry and commerce in the region, a fact that could lead to a stronger and more diverse ... animal-based remedies and illnesses treated Similarly to the results obtained by Alves and Rosa [5,6,59], Ashwell and Walston [83], Begossi and Braga [56], Branch and Silva [84], Costa Neto and Oliveira ... leather, feathers and dermal plates were generally sun-dried, toasted, and crushed to powder, and then applied topically or administered orally Seixas and Begossi [87] observed that toasting is a...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:22

... test and a reference standard; and resource use (cost) For example, nearly every test inevitably leads to both correctly classified patients (that can be further separated into TP and TN) and ... contributed to acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data, and drafting and critical revision of the manuscript JLB contributed to acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data, drafting and ... design, and study supervision LT, JK, EC, and AF contributed to acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data, and critical revision of the manuscript ATS contributed to analysis and interpretation...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:23

... income and education was used to estimate a 3level composite SES variable Low SES corresponds to a low-low combination of income and education, and high SES corresponds to moderate-high and high-high ... Moderate SES corresponds to all other combinations of income and education Where respondents refused to give their income (n = 1703), only education was used to estimate SES Tobacco Dependence ... CPD), and time to first cigarette (coded: 0: 61+min, 1: 31-60 min, 2: 6-30 min, 3: or less) The HSI was then recoded into three categories of dependence: Low: to 1, Moderate: to 3, and High: to...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... is to develop a return to work program and facilitate the claimant to return to suitable duties and progression to their pre-injury status and quality of life In many jurisdictions, chiropractors ... likely to help and hinder and what to expect in terms of exacerbations and remissions Furthermore, they should be instructed to employ a raft of self-management and coping strategies to manage ... employers willingness and ability to facility the injured worker to return to work is crucial in good outcomes Employers too should be included in education campaigns and best return to work practices,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 14:20

... knowledge and beliefs are seen as interrelated 2.1.2 Beliefs and actions According to Bandura (1997), beliefs are the best indicators of the decisions people make and people tend to act according to ... process, and 28 how best to approach the task of language learning A year later, in 1987, she continued to use semi-structured interviews to report on learners‟ beliefs and to understand the relationship ... embedded, both resistant and open to change, and relate closely to identities, and an individual‟s identity is multiple and connected to their community memberships and actions in various contexts...

Ngày tải lên: 13/11/2014, 06:26

... knowledge and to get involved into the self-enquiry process so as to extend the existing knowledge and/ or to 12 generate new knowledge Teachers therefore play the role of advisers or facilitators ... (linguistic competence) and ability to use the language (linguistic performance), Sentences always have and always will consist of clauses with subjects and predicates and words that fall into classes ... subject, and teachers are entitled to use supplementary materials external to the mandated textbook Because both students and teachers have to pass a highly competitive screening test to be admitted...

Ngày tải lên: 03/03/2015, 09:58

... weeks), standard students attend a total of 105 periods of English, and the advanced ones attend a total of 140 periods, making a total compulsory seven-year programme of 700 and 805 hours, respectively ... English; and - To attain a certain level of understanding of English and American cultures; to become aware of cross-cultural differences in order to be better overall communicators, to better ... listening, speaking, reading, and writing; and to be able to read materials at the same level of their textbooks, using a dictionary; - To have mastered basic English phonetics and grammar; to...

Ngày tải lên: 19/08/2015, 21:19

... in order to integrate spirituality into practice, nurses need to be at ease with spirituality in two respects The first is to understand spirituality and what it means to be human, and how life ... their understanding about spirituality (Hegarty, 2007, p 46) Their ability to appreciate, understand, and be spiritually aware enables them to ”bracket” their spirituality and attend to patients’ ... curriculum, it may be useful to survey a large sample of nursing students and analyse their perceptions and understanding of spirituality A survey tool would help to guide responses and provide a framework...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:52