temperature measurement and thermoelectric properties

... Mathematics - Physics 25 (2009) 193-197 Table The thermoelectric properties of La(Fe1-xSix)13 compounds and other thermoelectric materials at room temperature Compound x = 0.12 x = 0.14 x = 0.15 ... T (K) 300 300 Temperature (K) Fig Temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of La(Fe1-xSix)13 compounds The thermoelectric properties of La(Fe1-xSix)13 compounds at room temperature are ... 300 Temperature (K) Fig Temperature dependence of the thermopower of La(Fe1-xSix)13 compounds Fig shows the temperature dependence of the thermopower (α) in the La(Fe1-xSix)13 (x = 0.12, 0.14 and...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 13:20

... Reduction, and Emergence Robert W Batterman Science and Partial Truth: A Unitary Approach to Models and Scientific Reasoning Newton C A da Costa and Steven French Inventing Temperature: Measurement and ... snow and highest summer heat melting ice and boiling water freezing water and melting butter or ice and deep cellars deep caves and boiling spirit melting ice and boiling water melting snow and ... and boiling water freezing water and Paris Observatory cellars ice/water/salt mixture and ice/water mixture and healthy body temperature freezing water and water hottest to be endured by a hand...

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 01:52

... 1.2 Thermoelectrical properties of graphene 21 1.2.1 Seebeck coefficient and the figure of merit ZT 21 1.2.2 Thermoelectrical properties in graphene 23 1.3 Chapter 2.1 Objective and ... massive Dirac bands (two conduction bands, two valence bands) and has hyperbolic dispersion relation In this situation, the band gap opens29, as shown in Fig 1.3B Figure 1.3 The band structure ... 1356cm-1 (D-band) and 1626cm-1 (D‟-band), as a consequence of increased disorder The ID/IG intensity ratio between the disorder-induced D-band and the characteristic pristine graphene G-band is as...

Ngày tải lên: 02/10/2015, 17:13

... melting measurements UV thermal scans with single and duplex strands were performed on Hitachi U-3200 and U-3210 spectrophoto- meters equipped with a Hitachi SPR-7 and SPR-10 thermoprogrammer and temperature ... DNA/DNA and 41 RNA/DNA duplexes at standard temperature (25 C) and physiological temperature (37 C) Direct comparison shows that the temperature- independent and temperature- dependent thermodynamic ... RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Temperature- independent thermodynamic parameters T0 0 ẳ DS ỵ DCp;S lnTm =T ị 7ị where DH and DS are the enthalpy and entropy changes at the temperature of interest, DH and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... nominal GaN growth rate of 166 nm/h The substrate temperature was monitored by a manipulator thermocouple and the uncertainty in the substrate temperature measurement is within 1C The growth experiments ... temperature and N/Ga flux ratio In our experiments, the growth rate of the NWs along the [0 0 1] axis was decreased with increasing growth temperature The growth rate of the NWs grown at 700 and ... polycrystalline GaN and silicon nitride on the major part of the Si surface The formation of amorphous silicon nitride layer has been previously reported by Kim et al and Grandal et al [5–15]...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:15

... 10-6 torr The sweep voltage was 0–1100 V and the emission current was measured using Keithley 2410 Results and Discussion Figure 1a and b shows the top view and cross-section view of the Fe-coated ... a-Fe2O3 NWs, a-Fe2O3 film, and Fe film were present in stage I At this stage, for both samples I and II, short NWs (\100 nm) and long NWs ([500 nm) grew from the low and high degree defect regions ... diagram for the measurement of an a-Fe2O3 NW is shown in Fig 5b Rcontact is the contact resistance between the CAFM tip and the NW RNW and Rfilm are the resistances of the NW and the film, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:08

... vertically and form NWs The few large InAs islands and non-vertical InAs NWs observed in sample A, B, and C can be explained by the reoxidation in the system, which provides nucleation sites and reactant ... the surfaces, and the NW density r is determined by the materials deposition rate and growth temperature: r ∝ R/D(T), with R being the material deposition rate and D(T) being the temperature- dependent ... sinks and also assist in the growth of larger InAs islands and non-vertical NWs [5,16] Table summarizes the statistical size information of InAs NWs in the three samples With increasing growth temperature...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... 10-6 torr The sweep voltage was 0–1100 V and the emission current was measured using Keithley 2410 Results and Discussion Figure 1a and b shows the top view and cross-section view of the Fe-coated ... a-Fe2O3 NWs, a-Fe2O3 film, and Fe film were present in stage I At this stage, for both samples I and II, short NWs (\100 nm) and long NWs ([500 nm) grew from the low and high degree defect regions ... diagram for the measurement of an a-Fe2O3 NW is shown in Fig 5b Rcontact is the contact resistance between the CAFM tip and the NW RNW and Rfilm are the resistances of the NW and the film, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... both CO and SV (correlation index 0.79, P < 0.01 and 0.95, P < 0.01, respectively), and a BlandAltman analysis demonstrated a bias of 0.23 ± 1.01 L/min for the CO measurements Chand and colleagues ... surgery and compared SV measurements obtained with the USCOM® and the PAC [27] The SV measurements demonstrated a bias of 1.0 ml (limits of agreement -1.5 ml to 3.5 ml) for aortic measurements and ... evaluated for accuracy and reliability Knobloch and col- leagues studied 36 patients undergoing coronary revascularization with 180 paired CO and SV measurements using the USCOM® and a pulmonary artery...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 10:06

... These commands include xlabel, ylabel, zlabel, title, gca, gcf, and findobj HandleVisibility — On Handles are always visible when HandleVisibility is on IntegerHandle Setting the IntegerHandle property ... its boundaries Copying, Cutting, and Clearing Components Use standard menu and pop-up menu commands, toolbar icons, keyboard keys, and shortcut keys to copy, cut, and clear components Copying Copying ... Button Group Properties on page 3-49 3-43 Laying Out GUIs and Setting Properties Setting Radio Button Properties Radio buttons have two states — selected and not selected You can query and set the...

Ngày tải lên: 29/09/2013, 20:20

... 2, …, m} and {ρ11, t1ij, for i = 1, 2, …, n, j = 1, 2, …, m, and i < n when j = 1} This section discusses the relationship between the q variables and the string and rod vectors tαβγ and rβij ... fiber and the Fullerene provide the motivation to construct manmade materials whose overall mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties can be predetermined by choosing the local topology and ... the integration of structure and control design appears in Skelton1,2 and Grigoriadis et al.3 Bendsoe and others4-7 optimize structures by beginning with a solid brick and deleting finite elements...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 09:15

... Complete Flow and Level Measurement Handbook and Encyclopedia®, OMEGA Press, 1995 OMEGA Volume 29 Handbook & Encyclopedia, Purchasing Agents Edition, OMEGA Press, 1995 “Choices Abound in Flow Measurement , ... polypropylene, PVDF, TFE and PFA, brass, aluminum, and stainless steel T References & Further Reading • OMEGA • • • • • • • • Complete Flow and Level Measurement Handbook and Encyclopedia®, OMEGA ... “Differential Flow Measurement of Meter-Conditioned Flow,” Stephen A Ifft and Andrew J Zacharias, Measurements & Control, September, 1993 Dry Solids Flow Update, Auburn International Inc Flow Measurement...

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 01:15

... couple during the forward and reversed scans (b,d), and to the achievement of a zero-reactant surface concentration (c) 32 STUDY OF ELECTRODE REACTIONS AND INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES exhibits a t−1/2 ... REACTIONS AND INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES Principles and Applications The primary advantage of spectroelectrochemistry is the cross-correlation of information from the simultaneous electrochemical and optical ... contributions and holds considerable promise for mechanism diagnosis and kinetic characterization of coupled chemical reactions 46 STUDY OF ELECTRODE REACTIONS AND INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES A B...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 08:20

... upperarm and the forearm, representing a kind of direct drive On the other hand, if a DC motor is used, it is usually displaced from the elbow and located on the robot base This concept understands ... problems, increased reliability and improved thermal capacity are achieved On the other hand, brushless motors require more complex and expensive control systems Sensors and switching circuitry are ... advantages, we also mention high stiffness and efficiency (0.75 to 0.85) The main drawbacks are heaviness and high price Toothed rack -and- pinion transmission allows R/T and T/R transformation of motion...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 13:15

... octave-band analyzer is the most common analyzer for industrial noise measurements It separates complex sounds into frequency bands one octave in width, and measures the level in each of the bands ... machine octave-band sound pressure levels and background octave-band sound pressure levels is less than dB, the accuracy of the adjusted sound pressure levels will be decreased Valid measurements ... 24.12 MEASUREMENT OF MACHINE NOISE The noise produced by a machine may be evaluated in various ways, depending on the purpose of the measurement and the environmental conditions at the machine Measurements...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 13:15

... computing the modified command position based on the target impedance model and using the nominal position and force measurements, and a controller involving a PD regulator and robust control part ... force limits and contact with the environment, and indicate when the desired force is achieved In conjunction with the standard robot programming language commands, exception handling, and motion ... between the nominal and actual positions of the end effector according to the target impedance law Impedance control is based on position control and requires position commands and measurements to...

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2013, 20:15

... is A11 and … and Xn is A1n, then Y = B11 and … and Ym = B1m R 2: if X1 is A21 and … and Xn is A2n, then Y = B21 and … Ym = B2m M R r: if X1 is Ar1 and … and Xn is Arn, then Y1 = Br1 and … and Ym ... not and connectives or and and Modifiers that modify the basic concept to which they are applied (e.g., very, extremely, etc.) Markers, such as parentheses Negation not and connectives or and and ... Procyk and Mamdani.37 24.4.3.4 Inference Mechanism Consider the rule base: R1: if X1 is A11 and K and Xn is A1n, then Y = B1 R2: if X1 is A21 and K and Xn is A2n, then Y = B2 M Rr: if X1 is Ar1 and...

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2013, 20:15

... ultrasonic-based range-finder mounted on a pan -and- tilt unit This unit is located on the front end of the chassis and constantly rotates left -and- right and up -and- down independently of the speed of the ... line segment exists between the initial and final point, A and B; and (b) a path consists of a set of straight segments tangential to augmented obstacles, and arcs along the obstacle boundaries ... generalized coordinates: x and y coordinates of the central point C; an angle φ between the longitudinal axis of the chassis (xb) and the x-axis of the reference frame; and θL and θR, the angular displacements...

Ngày tải lên: 09/11/2013, 05:15

... SCHWARZ - SOUND and TV BROADCASTING – CCIR and FFC tv standards – Printed in the federal republic of Germany 18 3GPP2 C.S0011-C, version 2.0 – Recommended Minimum Performance Standards for cdma2000 ... Compatibility: Principles, Measurements and Technologies -1996 IEEE Press 16 Walter Ciciora, James Farmer, David Large, Michael Adams – Modern Cable Television Technology: Video, Voice and Data communications ... channel coding and modulation systems for Broadcasting, Interactive Services, News Gathering and other broadband satellite applications (DVB – S2) 14 Tim Williams – EMC for Product Designers – Newnes...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2013, 20:44

... Chemistry? • Observation: is sand different than water • Test the similarities and differences between sand and water Composition Types & number of atoms, structure, Properties Chemical: how ... Chemistry • Curiosity and your imagination are your allies Explore and investigate • Quantify and calculate Even small differences can be important! • Commitment Work regularly and carefully Chemistry, ... and practice processes  Systematic names and formulas  Dimensional analysis • Do the questions and exercises in the chapter to test your understanding and help you learn the patterns? Chemistry,...

Ngày tải lên: 27/11/2013, 21:11