... refer to as “training” instances. In the equations below, we denote individual
training instances by
X, and the sum over all the training instances by
X
. Since individual
training instances are ... Speech Recognition 29
Song
Song
P(
sin
g|
si
n
g
son
g)
P(song|song sing)
Sing
Sing
Sing
Song
<s> </s>
P(sing|sing sing)
P(song|sing sing)
P(sing|song song)
P(song|song song)
P(</s>|<s>)
Figure ... Marginalisation 382
14.3.3 Missing Data ASR in the Cepstral Domain 384
14.3.4 Missing Data ASR with Dynamic Features 386
14.4 Meta-Missing Data: Dealing with Mask Uncertainty 388
14.4.1 Missing...
... array
drawing commands by binding a vertex buffer object to the appropriate array bind-
ing point (vertex, color, normal, texture coordinate) using the array point commands
(for example, glNormalPointer). ... vertices in the primitive is
small, the overhead in setting up the array pointers and enabling and disabling individual
arrays may outweigh the savings in the individual function calls (for example, ... Modeling: An Introduction
Christoph M. Hoffmann
An Introduction to Splines for Use inComputer Graphics
and Geometric Modeling
Richard H. Bartels, John C. Beatty, and Brian A. Barsky
TEAM LinG
...
... [11-13]. For example, zero-forcing (ZF) beam-
forming for interfe rence cancel latio n has been shown to
increase the capacity of ad-hoc networks [14]. B eam-
forming is indeed a promising approach ... (TXOP) ar e
allocated in the future. Because each STA advertises its
reserved TXOPs, both the CSI and the timing informa-
tion for enabling beamforming may be obtained.
A. Beaconing and synchronization
With ... challenge lies then in acquiring the chan-
nel and synchronization information in such a decentra-
lized network without change in the MAC protocol.
In this paper, we show how beamforming techniques
can...
... 48
Testing comprehension 45
Testing spoken English 44
Teaching writing 43
Teaching speaking 37
Using dictation 20
Using songs 20
Teaching listening 11
TOPICS %
Teaching listening 55
Teaching speaking ... dictation 32
Using dialogues for practice 31
Giving instructions for activities 30
Using drills 29
Using dialogues for presentation 27
Presenting new vocabulary 26
Planning lessons 26
Eliciting 24
Classroom ... Ngai province. Time and efforts have been spent on
accumulating information about teachers and teaching methods applied in JHSs, viewing
teaching and learning materials and assessing the utility...
... an infection, we should include in the formula an infection rate k.
Putting all this together into a single formula we find that:
z =
so that
=
In our investigation we will apply this formula ... transforms input into output; that is, a rule for calculating the
output by applying it to the input. The result is the input value for the second stage,
whose result becomes the input for the ... Bottom);
END;
PROCEDURE
BEGIN
Insert machine-specific commands: see hints
in Chapter 11
END;
PROCEDURE
BEGIN
Insert machine-specific commands: see hints in
Chapter 11
END;
lise the...
... 20 training areas and 25
sites were chosen for the supervised classifica-
tion of the Travinh and Camau images, respec-
tively. List of training areas in Tra Vinh and Ca
Mau were indicated in Table ... deep. Further, integrated shrimp
farming and mangrove forest modeling was
applied in Mekong Delta including study areas,
so this method can be used in recognizing shrimp
ponds.
The best indicator ... development.
International Journal of Geoinformatics, Vol.1, No. 1, March 2005
ISSN 1686-6576/ Geoinformatics International
IJG_147-155 21/04/2005, 13:36147
151
International Journal of Geoinformatics,...
... materials with
interesting results.
To begin with, some simplifying assumptions were
made. Phonetic data were treated as a linear string by
simply ignoring their very real grouping properties. ... in Lower California
and around the Colorado River delta. His list of around
600 words collected in Paipai was prepared for process-
ing. Phonetic symbols were transliterated into strings in ... long.
A change in the pattern-recognizing approach is being
considered to segregate phones at particular positions in
syllables, syllables in feet, and feet in contours. The
intermediate storage...
... containing smiles and
2,000 articles containing frowns were held-out as
optimising test data. We took increasing amounts
of articles from the remaining dataset (from 2,000
to 22,000 in increments ... number
being taken from the positive and negative sets) as
optimising training data. For each set of training
data we extracted a context of an increasing num-
ber of tokens (from 10 to 1,000 in increments ... that more training data will im-
prove the performance of the Emoticon-trained clas-
sifiers by increasing the coverage. Potential sources
for this include online bulletin boards, chat forums,
and...
... error is in the range of 5 to 10
percent. However, this method is still in use in rubber estates for assessing
the ORC of latex for making sheets on a large scale and also for calculating
the ... unsuitable for use in the field, not environment friendly, requires skilled
manpower and involves heavy capital investment for setting up chemical!
instrumentation laboratory for handling the test ... and
regenerate latex drained during each tapping is critical and is accomplished in
the interval between two successive tappings
13
Latex is a special form of
cytoplasm containing a suspension of...