taxonomy classification and evolutionary relationships

... virus Classification and Taxonomy Classical: morphology Physical and chemical composition Genetic relatedness Modern: Phylogenetic, based on nucleic acid sequence analysis Classical criteria for classification ... cycle of virus Baltimore classification Traditional classification generate thousands of distinct entities but based on genomes can be classified into groups Classification and Nomenclature ICTV-International ... replication, and caspid formation – often found in plants DI Particles Defective interfering particle: A virus that lacks part of its genome and interferes with the replication of a standard virus...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 12:59

... measurements (diagonal and direct back lengths, shank length and circumference, breast depth and circumference, pelvis width, keel length, and comb length and height) were obtained in females and males at ... gallus, G g jabouillei, G g murghi, and G g spadiceus), and on chicken breeds with various morphological types and different origins Hereby, we employed both a random and goal-directed selection of ... concerning the similarity and evolutionary relationships between G gallus and different chicken breeds This was done by exploiting the system approach in planning our own experiments and taking into account...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... transfer, subscripts F and P indicate system fuel and system product, respectively, NK is the number of system components, and NP and NF are the numbers of system products and fuels, respectively ... used, and their minimum and maximum allowable values In problem OP11, in addition to the evident consideration of the turbines and HRSGs, some decision variables associated with the condenser and ... function OF is the same, and the process steam and process hot water demands are assumed constant Here, the larger problem OP11 is considered for both mathematical optimization and exergoeconomic improvement...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:30

... type of classification Name CAR, CB-Policing and CB-Marking as mechanisms that support classification and marking IP QoS Classification and Marking Copyright © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc Classification ... 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc Classification and Marking -16 The figure shows a sample output of the show route-map and show access-list commands 2-14 IP QoS Classification and Marking Copyright © ... IP QoS Classification and Marking Copyright © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc Traffic Classification and Marking • This module describes the two mechanisms that are used for classification and marking...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 19:20

... meeting in creased demand for soybeans; a demand driven by increased world population and rising living standards Because expansion of agricultural land to meet this demand is limited, the only ... drought and cold, and can also vary with temperature and light [79] Soybean cv Maverick was used to study proteomics during seed filling stages, at 2, 3, 4, and weeks after flowering, using 2D and ... and PDI, and serine and thiol protease, all of which are involved in protein translocation, folding, maturation and degradation of proteins related to A Proteomics Approach to Study Soybean and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 04:20

... percentages of whole sequences and catalytic domains between human and some eukaryotic, bacterial and archaeal sequences of POP, DPP IV and ACPH The similarities between human and rat sequences are very ... of Finland and Ministry of Education of Finland (to J I V.) We wish to thank Prof Dan Larhammar, University of Uppsala, for his advice and extremely helpful comments on the manuscript and Dr ... be seen from Table 1, POP and ACPH are distributed in archaeal, bacterial and eukaryotic species whereas DPP IV and OB were not found from archaeal sources Although POP and ACPH are present in...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 13:20

... Measures and Kidney Function 143 Daily Calorie Intake and Kidney Function 150 Daily Protein Intake and Kidney Function 150 Serum Albumin and Kidney Function 153 Serum Protein and ... Prealbumin and Kidney Function 154 Transferrin and Kidney Function 155 Serum Bicarbonate and Kidney Function 156 Lipids and Kidney Function 157 Body Mass Index and Kidney ... Ideal or Standard Body Weight and Kidney Function 159 Body Tissue Composition (Muscle) and Kidney Function 160 Body Tissue Composition (Fat) and Kidney Function 160 Histologic Classification...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 10:20

... posting of R AND documents to a non-R AND Web site is prohibited R AND documents are protected under copyright law For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit the RAND permissions ... and the defense Intelligence Community Nelson Lim served as the principal investigator Comments are welcome and may be addressed to Nelson_Lim@rand.org For more information on RAND’s Forces and ... of Defense (OSD) and the Office of Diversity Management and Equal Opportunity (ODMEO), with assistance from RAND, brought together diversity experts from academia and the public and private sectors...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 21:20

... activities in lowland areas; and (ii) for health resort and some weather therapies in highland areas Furthermore, based on the classification, some good weather periods for tourism activities and therapeutic ... in the North and Central highland The term “Lowland” is defined as deltas, hilly areas and coastal zone as well as islands Table Meteorological stations used for weather combination classification ... conditions and these are the best places for human health in general and for tourism, excursion and sea vacation in particular Results and discussions The results of classification and assessment...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 15:20

... relatives: grandparent, grandchild, aunt, uncle, niece and nephew; half sister and half brother Third-degree relatives: great grandparent, great grandchild, great aunt, great uncle, first cousin, grand ... potential advantages and disadvantages for the early detection of breast cancer, and where offered, this should be of high quality (equivalent to NHS Breast Screening Programme standard) and audited • ... (‘Familial breast cancer: the classification and care of women at risk of familial breast cancer in primary, secondary and tertiary care’) gives details of the methods and the evidence used to develop...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 00:20

... predictive value and negative predictive value of 60%, 76%, 33%, and 90%, respectively The AUC was 79% (Table 3) The minimum number of patients in the parent and daughter nodes were 15 and 7, respectively ... collection and preliminary analysis; ALK discussed and made changes to the study project, performed orientation during the data collection and preliminary analysis; FCQM discussed and made changes ... systematization of the diagnostic approach [35] and are able to standardize data collection from clinicians [36], optimize high cost resources such as IR [29] and lower empiric treatments In order to...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 03:20

... alive) and the prokaryotic cells (which are), lie the viruses and bacteriophages (phages) These twilight creatures are parasites responsible for causing many diseases in living things (herpes and ... consist of a core of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, and a protective coat of protein molecules and sometimes lipids In isolation, viruses and bacteriophages show none of the expected signs of ... Bacteriophages attack bacteria (prokaryotes) viruses attack eukaryotic cells Viruses and bacteriophages invade cells and use the host cell's machinery to synthesize more of their own macromolecules...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 13:08

... forms of TbPFK-2 and investigated whether the T brucei PFK-2 and FBPase-2 enzymes are homologous to their counterparts in higher eukaryotes Results and Discussion Purification and characterization ... mammalian and S cerevisiae PFK-2 and FBPase-2 domains (and corresponding to boxed residues in Fig 3) c Overall percentage of amino acid sequence identity between the predicted trypanosomatid enzymes and ... the trypanosomatid proteins) and position 427 (Tyr in mammalian enzymes, Gly, Glu and Asp in Lm1, Tc1 and Tb1, respectively) The branched side chains of residues 220 and 246 form the side of the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... genetic search (Sections and 4) Finally, we present our experimental results (Sections and 7) and conclude the paper with discussion of future work Related Work Our work builds on and extends the story ... coherence) that is good enough for people to understand Cheng and Mellish (2000) focus on the interaction of aggregation and text planning and use genetic algorithms to search for the best aggregated ... representing prince and princess shown in Figures and (right hand side), respectively Again, we look for nodes that can be merged based on the identity of the actions involved and the (WordNet)...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... replacing srand48(seed) with srand(seed), and drand48() with (double)rand()/((double)RAND.MAX+1) These random number generation functions should be available on all platforms, but use drand48() if ... the ANSI C standard adopted in 1990 Another good book, also predating the standard, is by Kernighan and Ritchie (1988) Newer books include Kelley and Pohl (1998), Oualline (1993), and Gottfried ... statement and letting the precompiler replace it everywhere else is easier than searching and replacing it everywhere by hand The primary difference between the PC and Unix versions is the use of drand48()...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 14:14

... separates The belts of BoNT ⁄ A and E are shown in magenta and blue SNAP-25 and VAMP are in yellow and grey QRATKM of BoNT ⁄ A and RIME of BoNT ⁄ E are in orange and green All of them occupy the ... mutated (Asp58Cys) and in the D form BoNT ⁄ F and VAMP are shown in blue and green, respectively Zinc is shown as a sphere in magenta Fig 10 The belt regions and substrates (SNAP-25 and VAMP) superposed ... [96,97] Smith and co-workers used BoNT ⁄ A LC (1E1H) for virtual screening to search the NCI open repository and have identified and optimized a few small molecules [98,99] Janda and co-workers...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 15:21

... putative ligands of MvFABPs, their equilibrium dissociation constants and pH dependence, 3D structure, subcellular localization, and the mechanism of fatty acid transfer between FABPs and phospholipid ... mica, Facultad de Ciencias, UdelaR, Montevideo, Uruguay) and Dr I Noguera (Department of Cell Biology and Kaplan Cancer Center, and the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Foundation Laboratory, New York ... MALDI-TOF analysis of each electro-eluted band (I and II) revealed peptide mass fingerprints in accordance with predicted tryptic digestions of MvFABPb and MvFABPa, respectively, with more than...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... AB210813; and FLCE, AB210814), medaka (MHCE, M96170; and MLCE, M96169), Tetraodon (TnHCE, AB246043; and TnLCE, AB246044), fugu (FgHCE, AB246041; and FgLCE, AB246042), stickleback (GaHCE, AB353108–9; and ... with 2· standard NaCl ⁄ Cit (1· NaCl ⁄ Cit consists of 150 mm NaCl and 15 mm sodium citrate) (pH 7.0) and 0.1% SDS for at room temperature, and three times with 0.2· NaCl ⁄ Cit (pH 7.0) and 0.1% ... AB353110), Set guentheri (SgHCE, AB353105–6; and SgLCE, AB353107), H hilgendorfi (HhHCE, AB353102–3; and HhLCE, AB353104), and black rockfish (SsHCE, AB353099–100; and wSsLCE, AB353101) Numbers at the...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... and Hearst (2001) create and experiment with a taxonomy tailored to biomedical text 2.2 3.1 Taxonomy Creation Given the heterogeneity of past work, we decided to start fresh and build a new taxonomy ... only one feature type and all but one feature type experiments, denoted by and M-1 respectively ∩–features shared by both n1 and n2 ; ∧–n1 and n2 features conjoined by logical AND (e.g., n1 is a ... pairs, and then compare the result to earlier relation sets We collected 17509 noun pairs and over a period of 10 months assigned one or more relations to each, gradually building and refining our taxonomy...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... retrieval example Figure 1: 5WIH classification and navigation W ~ W I H Classification and Navigation X~; Conventional keyword-based retrieval does not consider logical relationships between keywords ... typed sentences and specified regions The extracted 5WlH elements are used as retrieval keys for episodic retrieval, and as axes for multi-dimensional classification and overall classification ... (electrical and mechanical) in Figure 10, the user can view subcategorized classification on electrical and mechanical industries as indicated in Figure 11 Here, ~ : (electrical and mechanical) is expanded...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 04:20