synthesis of mtbe in liquid phase conditions

... resolution spectra of all elements of interest Data processing was performed using the Kratos software after Shirley baseline subtraction and using Schofield sensitivity factors corrected for instrumentation ... wt.% of aqueous solution Aqueous solutions containing of wt.% and 14 wt.% of tungsten (VI) chloride and ammonia solution respectively Two methods have been used for the synthesis of WO3 in nanoscale ... use of sucrose ester microemulsion In the first method, a w/o microemulsion with the composition: 30 wt.% of S1570, 50 wt.% of tetradecane/1butanol and 20 wt.% of aqueous solution containing of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:08

... by small droplets of phase A conWned in larger droplets of phase B, which in turn are dispersed in a continuous phase A Depending on the nature of phase A, they can be distinguished as water/oil/water ... Nanoparticles in Liquid Crystals 4.2.3 Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Liquid Crystals 4.2.4 Synthesis of Miscellaneous Nanoparticles in Liquid Crystals Nanoparticle Synthesis in ... Nanoparticle Synthesis in Microheterogeneous Systems Introduction Nanoparticle Synthesis in Liquid Crystals 4.2.1 Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles in Liquid Crystals 4.2.2 Synthesis of...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 15:18

... that this thesis is my original work and it has been written by me in its entirety, under the supervision of Prof Stephan Jaenicke, (in the laboratory catalysis lab in S5-04-04 and S5-02-02), ... for any degree in any university previously The content of the thesis has been partly published in: H H Liu, G K Chuah, S Jaenicke*, N-alkylation of amines by alcohols over alumina-entrapped Ag ... Department, National University of Singapore, between August 2008 and December 2012 I have duly acknowledged all the sources of information which have been used in the thesis This thesis has also...

Ngày tải lên: 08/09/2015, 19:36

... catalysts in fine chemical synthesis 1.1.1 1.2 Synthesis of supported group 11 catalysts 1.1.2 Group 11 based catalysts in liquid phase reactions Borrowing Hydrogen methodology in fine chemical synthesis ... N-alkylation of nitroarenes using alcohols Table 6-1 Textural properties of the catalysts in the self-coupling of benzyl amines tested Table 6-2 Self-coupling of benzyl amine in the presence of different ... including the N-alkylation of amines by alcohols, reductive vi N-alkylation of nitroarenes by alcohols, and self-coupling of aromatic amines, in all cases using the borrowing hydrogen methodology In...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:14

... catalysts in industry Compared to the successful use of zeolites in hydrocarbon processing, their use in the synthesis of organic intermediates and fine chemicals is in a relatively early state of development ... Al-containing Zr-beta zeolite 37 2.1.4 Synthesis of Ti-beta zeolite 37 2.1.5 Synthesis of Al- and Sn-beta zeolites 38 2.1.6 Synthesis of Al-beta sample in basic medium 38 2.1.7 Synthesis of Zr-SBA-15 ... of schemes XIV List of figures XVI List of abbreviations Chapter Introduction XX 1.1 General introduction 1.2 Synthesis of zeolite beta 1.2.1 Synthesis of zeolite beta in basic medium 1.2.2 Synthesis...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 17:12

... critical role in controlling the kinetics of relative growth rates along different directions The combination of changing the concentrations of capping agents and subtle variation in temperature ... color of this mixture turned into brown with the increase of temperature and into black quickly in the temperature range between 200 and 230 ◦ C, indicating the early stage decomposition of Fe(CO)5 ... capping agents did work well in this IL in helping create the large difference in reactivity among the low-index surfaces of nanocrystals and in facilitating the formation of nanocubes and nanorods...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:08

... concentric ring with intermittent bright dots, indicating that the samples are highly crystalline in nature A closer look on the SAED pattern of Fig 1b(ii) suggests that the ring having d-values ... tuned by varying the concentration of tri-sodium citrate in the growth (Scheme 1) solution The seed particles consist of a mixture of single crystal and twinned crystals HR-TEM analysis of the green ... above seeding growth approach Our present simulation of extinction spectra using DDA calculation suggests the potentiality of DDA methodology while calculating the extinction spectra of anisotropically...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... hepatic protein synthesis favouring "the acute phase proteins" and decreasing the so-called "negative acute phase proteins" This is part of the non-specific first line of defense against microbes ... decrease of certain proteins during the acute phase response is presumably caused by the need to divert available amino acids into the production of active acute phase proteins Albumin is one of these ... [9] Albumin reacts as a negative acute phase protein The acute phase changes in those proteins and their corresponding mRNAs in liver tissue are well described in rats [8,9] Injection of lipopolysaccharide...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... tip of the syringe needle in a stirred aqueous sample containing the analytes of interest After extraction, the extraction droplet is withdrawn back into the microsyringe and introduced to instrument ... impregnation in the pores of the hollow fiber, and then extracted into an acceptor phase (aqueous phase, organic phase, or ionic liquid (IL), etc, different from supporting phase) inside the lumen of the ... process, three phases are involved in analytes distribution: aqueous phase, headspace phase and extraction phase The overall rate of mass transfer is determined by both the aqueous phase stirring rate...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:18

... fiber-protected liquid- phase microextraction HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography LC liquid chromatography LGLME liquid- gas -liquid microextraction LLE liquid liquid extraction LLLE liquid- liquid -liquid ... 3-5 Effect of pumping rate 58 Figure 3-6 Effect of dwell time (a) dwell time in pumping programmed phase 2; (b) dwell time in pumping programmed phase 59 Figure 3-7 Extraction time profile 60 Figure ... thicker coating However, the main drawback of this technique is that the introduction and desorption of extracting membrane in the GC injection liner is quite complicated PC-HFME was developed in our...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 11:45

... synthesizing several new kinds of this type of CSPs with applications in HPLC, UHPLC and CEC 1.3.2 Preparation of β-Cyclodextrin Type of Chiral Stationary Phases The β-cyclodextrin type of CSPs ... high selectivity usually obtained in HPLC The mobile phase in CEC is transported through a capillary containing the stationary phase by means of electroosmosis instead of pressure [52] Like other ... amination of 8-benzenesulfonamido-2quinolinecarboxaldehyde 17 [26] with 16 using NaBH(OAc)3 as the reducing agent in 85% yield Removal of the Boc-protecting groups was easily accomplished in...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:19

... Preconcentration of aminoalcohols in urine by combined use of offcolumn static three -phase LPME and on-column stacking for trace analysis by CZE ………………………………………………………………………….114 4.3.1.1 Determination of aminoalcohols ... analysis of aromatic amines in water samples [89], phenoxy herbicides in bovine milk [90] and aminoalcohols in urine [91] Recently dynamic three -phase LPME was developed to determine anilines combined ... involves the use of hollow fiber combination with liquid- phase microextraction It can be categorized into two- ii phase microextraction, and three -phase microextraction or liquid- liquid -liquid microextraction...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:20

... important role in maintaining the integrity of the extraction system by ensuring proper organic solvent immobilization and preventing direct mixing of donor phase with acceptor phase in three -phase LPME ... to acceptor phase in three -phase LPME requires analytes to be more soluble in aqueous phase This is done by increasing the affinity of analytes towards acceptor phase to organic phase or the ... solvent (acceptor phase) present in the lumen of hollow fiber, resulting in twophase LPME where analytes are finally extracted into the organic phase The extraction process of the two -phase LPME for...

Ngày tải lên: 10/11/2015, 11:00

... Assistant Professor at the Department of Civil engineering, Thiagarajar college of Engineering, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India His field of research is strengthening of RCC structures His areas of interest ... out of phase There two methods for incorporating phase change materials inside the building material currently in use are impregnation of PCMs into porous materials and direct incorporation of ... buildings with light weight by incorporating the PCMs inside the hollow cavity of brick Environment Friendly Cooling of building using phase change material inside the conventional building material...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 17:03

... incidence of preeclampsia based on the timing of delivery In our study, we intend to establish if any such association exists in the distinct climate of the tropical coastal city of Mumbai, India ... timing of conception with risk of preeclampsia [13] They found the highest risk of preeclampsia in conceptions occurring in the summer season, whereas there was no significant variation in the incidence ... factors in hypertensive disorders, vaginal bleeding and premature rupture of membranes during pregnancy Gynecol Obstet Invest 1991, 32(2):88-90 Makhseed M, Musini VM, Ahmed MA, Monem RA: Influence of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 06:20

... reported four main integrated rubber farming systems in the South of Thailand emerging during the financial crisis in the late 19 1990's The major systems included 1) Rubber intercrop farming, 2) Rubber-rice ... species in Southeast Asia (FAO 2005) The characteristics of rubber farming systems vary within Southeast Asia In the beginning of the 20th century, estate planting was encouraged in Malaya, while in ... processing and marketing through providing improved varieties of rubber seedlings, aiding in the establishment of both new plantations and replantings and providing technology and guidance (Chaninthornsongkhla...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 04:20

... shown) This indicates the likelihood of a translational defect of D1 synthesis occuring in these strains To determine if translation initiation of the psbA mRNA was compromised, we inserted a ... observed in the WT strain Due to the control by epistasy of synthesis (CES) process [1], D1 and apoCP47 display concerted rates of synthesis In the absence of D1, the rate of synthesis of apoCP47 ... the hydrophobic part of the molecule [35] If this binding occurs at an early step in D1 synthesis, i.e during the process of the cotranslational insertion of the D1 protein into the thylakoid membrane,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... for synthesis of ampicillin Values of 47 ± mM for KNapp and of 3.6 ± 0.22 for (Vs/Vh)max for the synthesis of ampicillin were obtained from fitting Eqn (8) to the data For synthesis of penicillin ... acid may bind in the acylbinding site of PA Hydrolysis of p-NPA may thus proceed via reversed binding of the substrate, in which the leaving group, p-nitrophenol, occupies the acyl binding site ... nucleophile binding studies we were able to obtain values for the kinetic constants for hydrolysis and synthesis of penicillin G, ampicillin and cephalexin Furthermore, insight into the nature of the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... stoichiometry of 0.9, and molar lipid/protein ratio of 1200 The intra- and interday degree of variation in relative P450, reductase, and lipid content did not exceed 10% in any of the vesicular ... than in Ole2PtdEtn (about 10 °C) and has been used to investigate the impact of the hexagonal phase forming tendency by Yang and Hwang [31] Data in Fig 1A and in Table show that the activity of ... activation of the CYP1A1-catalyzed epoxidation reaction of 7,8-diols and the enhanced nonbilayer phase propensity in membranes containing PtdEtn Effect of lipids on the stereoselectivity of epoxidation...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... after induction and lysed by ultrasonication The cell extract was obtained by centrifugation at 20 000 g for 30 at °C Binding of the fusion proteins to chitin beads via the intein/ chitin binding ... performed using NIST Search RESULTS Purifying the enzymes involved in the synthesis of GDP-6-deoxy-D-talose To characterize the function of the gmd and tld gene products in A actinomycetemcomitans ... (42.0 min) Both reactions involving the gmd gene products halted after consuming some of the GDP-a-D-mannose, regardless of the addition of the proteins The peak that appeared at 24.0 was in agreement...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20