synthesis of mass exchange networks a mathematical programming approach

... across all operating conditions This assumption is only valid if the compressors are operated within a narrow capacity range and near their design point where efficiency is relatively constant Although ... Although no significant changes in compressor capacity and/or factors that affect compressor performance was observed throughout the case studies, it is inevitable that the accuracy of the model is ... necessitates the availability of performance curves of compressor systems in used today such as General Electric’s BCL and MCL series used by Qatargas II42 Besides this, including compressor stage arrangement...

Ngày tải lên: 13/10/2015, 16:41

... Chapter Work Exchange Networks Synthesis (10) Heat capacities of streams are known constants (11) Overall heat transfer coefficients for all exchangers are known constants (12) Heat exchange among process ... several assumptions are made; however, it provides basic information and associated challenges of WENS and can be used as the basis for further study so that a realistic and industrially attractive ... differences, as the trade-offs among the various thermodynamic, operational (mechanical), and cost constraints are far too complex and nonlinear For 23K RPM, we find that among all five speeds, this has...

Ngày tải lên: 13/10/2015, 16:41

... (heat capacity) indicates the ideal enthalpy change of the feed stream and the remaining part accounts deviation from ideality called residual property Value of heat capacity CP and residual ... operational and safety concerns Heat exchanger size and capacity also limit such expansion On the other hand, the latest AP-XTM system has a nominal single train capacity of 7.8 mta, which is approximately ... saturated propane stream passes through a valve, VLV-100 when it undergoes abrupt decrease in pressure resulting adiabatic flash evaporation and auto-refrigeration of 28    Chapter Optimal Load...

Ngày tải lên: 13/10/2015, 16:41

... the AP-XTM system This approach is more feasible as basic schematics of the AP-XTM system are available from Air-Products technical publication as well as from the AP-XTM patent6 Although detailed ... levels and availability concerns The alternate approach would be to develop an operational optimization formulation based upon a simpler model built from general arrangements and flow schematics of ... former aim is not feasible as the detailed technical configurations and setups are proprietary and not available in the public domain In addition, design optimizations are also subjected to factors...

Ngày tải lên: 13/10/2015, 16:41

... reserves are stranded and located offshore, far away from any demand centers Hence, the transportation of NG from the point of production to the markets is a technical and commercial challenge A popular ... has the capacity of transporting an equivalent of several billion cubic feet of NG It was reported in year 2008 that at least 27.8% of international trade in NG is in the form of LNG and continued ... by academic researchers as compared to more established processes such as the cascade and C3MR processes As compressors are the preeminent consumers of energy, a systematic optimization approach...

Ngày tải lên: 13/10/2015, 16:41

... inventory of all the languages comprises of 21 consonants We further assume that the consonants are arranged in their hierarchy of preference A language traverses the hierarchy of consonants and at ... that languages usually tend to have smaller consonant inventory size, y = Ax−α A random variable is said to have a β-distribution with parameters α > and β > if and only if its probability mass ... preferential attachment can be interpreted as the tendency of a language to choose a consonant that has been already chosen by a 131 not all of the first 21 consonants Therefore, the probability of the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... to verify the availability and applicability of the proposed synthesis approach, we prepared PVP-capped iron oxide particles for catalytic property examination This approach was carried out by ... 10b The measured curves for calculating BET surface area of particles were plotted and analyzed It can be seen that the surface area of aFe2O3 nanodiscs (triangle spotted lines) was estimated to ... Nanotec Electronica S.L., Spain); The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of the as-prepared particles was measured at 77 K (liquid nitrogen) on a Quantachrome Autosorb-6B Surface Area...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:08

... best of knowledge, large-scale fabrication of ZnO tubular radial bunches with changed diameter in each tube has been rarely reported in a surfactant-free hydrothermal process When HMTA was employed, ... ZnO architectures obtained from ammonia (a) , HMTA (b), EA (c), ED (d) at 90 °C for 20 h The insets of Fig 2b are the SAED pattern and the HRTEM image of a nanotower, respectively 88 G Du et al ... the side surface of a single tower Fig 2b′ shows a typical TEM image of a ZnO tower with diameter of 300 nm, and the corresponding HRTEM image (upper right inset of Fig 2b) and SEAD pattern (lower...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 13:22

... which calculates partial Pearson and Spearman correlation of different orders Further, the neural network approach GNRevealer by Hache et al [9] is compared As an example for a Bayesian approach, ... Island of Hawaii, Hawaii, USA, January 1999 [6] K Basso, A A Margolin, G Stolovitzky, U Klein, R DallaFavera, and A Califano, “Reverse engineering of regulatory networks in human B cells,” Nature ... )−1 realizes a saturation of the regulation strength Self-regulation and degradation are implemented in the mathematical model as well A learning strategy for the parameters is the Backpropagation...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... by Jaffe and Smith [16] It consists of a feedback loop, where a delay line, a fractional delay filter, a high-order allpass filter, and a loss filter are cascaded The delay line and the fractional ... loop gain and T60 data for an example case It is seen that the target data (bold dots in Figure 8) contain a fair amount of variation from one partial to the next one, although the overall trend ... the offset ranges from practically Hz to a few Hertz The gain of the resonator, that is, the amplitude of the beating partial, is set to be the same as that of the partial it beats against This...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... is regulated often by a small number of other genes [3,4] so a reasonable representation of a network is a sparse graph A sparse graph is a graph  parametrized by a sparse matrix W, a matrix with ... the class of linear models, the abundance value of a gene is treated as a weighted sum of the abundance values of other genes A high-dimensional transcript profile is a vector of abundance values ... into mathematical, statistical, and probabilistic models of networks For example, GEO [1] and ArrayExpress [2] are public repositories of well-annotated and curated transcript profiling data from...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 17:20

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 11:20

... data confidentiality and integrity, hypothetical analysis that assumes various vulnerability situations, and the generation of attack trees The major advantage of the logic -programming approach ... logic -programming language Datalog [11] Datalog is a syntactic subset of Prolog, so the specification is also a program that can be loaded into a standard Prolog environment and executed Datalog has ... values of boolean variables characterizing the preconditions of the attack, and S2 represents the postcondition of the attack An attack path manifests itself as a sequence of valid state transitions...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 17:23

... characterization and accuracy After data normalization, each joint angular profile was mathematically characterized to obtain a synthetic representation of motion and facilitate the extraction of spatial, ... coordination in healthy subjects and stroke patients: a mathematical modelling approach Ilaria Carpinella1*, Johanna Jonsdottir2 and Maurizio Ferrarin1 Abstract Background: Approximately 60% of stroke ... treated separately and only amin, amax and ROM, as calculated from the measured data, were included in the analysis Statistical analysis Considering the small sample of data, comparisons were made...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... http://jwcn.eurasipjournals.com/content/2011/1/115 Table Table of variables Variable Explanation K Number of transmitter and receiver pairs K max Pk Set of transmitter and receiver pairs Maximum instantaneous transmission power of transmitter ... channel state, G, the achievable rates are equal to the case of Scenario 1, i.e., when the kth transmitter is activated alone, its achievable rate is bits/sec and when both transmitters are activated ... transmitter accesses the channel at a rate of bits/sec, (2) only transmitter accesses the channel at a rate of bits/sec, and (3) both transmitters concurrently transmit at a rate of bits/sec each Figure...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... Q3 of the flows: A (t), A (t) and A (t) is equal regardless of R values and T values The upper bound on Q2 of A2 (t) is more than that of Q1 of A1 (t), and that of Q3 of the A3 Zhang et al EURASIP ... algebra and max-plus algebra applied to qualitative or quantitative analysis for networks in recent years, and it belongs to tropical algebra and topical algebra Network calculus can be classified ... parameter of the arrival self-similar traffic flow is a key in advance in the case Then, we can obtain the guaranteed QoS by regulating the average arrival rate r and the burst tolerance b of self-similar...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 00:20

... information game Game of strategy and chance Dynamic (sequential) game Static (Simultaneouse) game Figure 1: Classification of games Superframe-1 Active part Superframe-2 Superframe-n Sleep part ... number of nodes that are contending for the access medium Another approach is to consider total arrival packet rate to the network as an offered load The main parameters for our simulation are based ... state and back to buffer state according to availability of a packet, respectively The last equation in (10) represents transition of backoff procedure to buffer state in case of a successful packet...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... as possible and that only have a few parameters For these reasons in our analysis, we considered two classes of mixture models that have few parameters and that are characterized by a high mathematical ... the statistical behavior of each background class in real hyper-spectral images has been investigated The availability of statistical models that properly describe hyper-spectral data variability ... statistical behavior of experimental hyperspectral data, we assume that a certain number M of pixels {x1 , x2 , , xM } of a specific background class is available Then xi can be obtained by applying...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... assortment criteria for the grading routine, a database application thar-QDB (Tharandt Quality Data Base) was developed as subject-matter of a diploma thesis [19] The grading process was separated ... development of the approach The average costs of 150 e/sample tree for grading require actually a limited number of sample trees/planning unit for an economic reasonable application of the approach Consequently, ... eCognition software An application example of the differences between “normal” and “improved” grading will be presented for two sample trees The data base application and the evaluation approach will...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20