surgical approaches to the spine

... annotation parser to extract the 5Ws English-function used the function tags from the parser to map parser constituents to the 5Ws First the Who, When, Where and Why were extracted, and then the remaining ... from another English-treebank trained parser, the Charniak parser (Charniak 2001) After the parses were both converted to the 5Ws, they were then merged, favoring the system that: recognized the ... Consider the sentence: “He went to the store yesterday and cooked lasagna today.” A system might return erroneous Who and What answers, and return Where as to the store” and When as “today.”...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 00:20

... accumulation during late spermatogenesis appears to be detrimental to the germ cells and, hence, antizyme apparently functions to limit any ODC expression to the early spermatogenesis The transgene-derived ... prostate carcinoma cells [127] The failure of spermine to inhibit the latter cells is believed to be attributable to the inability of the polyamine to induce antizyme in the highly metastatic cells ... normally to the blastocyst stage, but died shortly thereafter or during the early stage of gastrulation at the latest They developed distinctly further than did embryos cultured in the presence...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 13:20

... susceptible If the difference is less than or equal to days, then the isolate is considered resistant However, for the test to be valid, the time to growth in the control bottle has to be between ... measuring the height of the bubbles, characteristic of the catalase reaction, in the tube If the height of the bubbles is > 45 mm, the reaction is considered high and if the height of the bubbles ... the disease, making it very difficult to eradicate Once in this stage, the bacilli can be transmitted to other persons and the development of clinical symptoms is very progressive Therefore the...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 00:20

... lineages to be placed sister to the wild progenitor populations Evolutionary History of the Domesticated Sunflower 37 from which they were derived, and this is not the case On the other hand, given the ... not easy to conceive of Ireland, Denmark, and Russia without potatoes However, both tomatoes and potatoes are of New World origin (figure 1.1) At the time of their introduction into the Old World, ... to help renovate and update the germplasm storage facilities However, as the new government in Russia adjusts to the new economy, the vir is finding itself cut off from government funds, and the...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:10

... [9,10] The prognosis of spinal tumors is related to many factors such as the general condition of the patient, their ability to carry on normal activity and care for them self, and the degree of their ... disability Other important factors include the presence of extraspinal bone or other organ metastasis, the histological type of the primary tumor, the limited or diffuse nature of the primary ... and modified Tokuhashi scores with the type of the surgical approach in 57 patients with spinal metastases treated surgically and to evaluate the value of these scores in aiding decision making...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... Maynard Keynes and the Great Depression The Prelude to Disaster The Speculative Bubble The Great Crash The Aftermath The Depression of the 1930s The Neoclassicals Address the Issues Keynes’s ... begin, then, the long journey on the road to today’s capitalism and to modern economics Our first major stop-after a short detour through the Ancient World-will be real-world Feudalism, the dominant ... tenants-in-chief to subtenants, who actually did most of the work on the land The right to farm the land obligated these subtenants (called serfs, or “free” peasants) to render military and other services to...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 09:20

... to apply ATP to the specimen iontophoretically The image of the specimen is recorded with the imaging plate (IP) (Sugi et al , 1997) Current Basic and Pathological Approaches to the Function ... representing the position of the particle, were also taken to represent the position of the myosin head The position of the myosin head, determined by the above method, was compared between the two ... 34] Ca2+ oscillators were classified into two main types, the membrane oscillators and the cytosolic oscillators [48] Membrane oscillators are those which generate oscillations at the cell membrane...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 15:20

... deep into the lateral orbit allows retraction of these tissues to expose the frontozygomatic suture Figure 30 Dissection to the level of the frontozygomatic suture The tissues superficial to the ... limb of the lateral canthal tendon The bulk of the lateral canthal tendon attaches to the orbital tubercle, to mm posterior to the orbital margin Following canthotomy, the superior limb of the canthal ... attached to the orbital tubercle It is important to place the suture as deep behind the orbital rim as possible to adapt the lower eyelid to the globe If the suture is not properly placed, the eyelid...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:20

... 10 to 15 mm above the upper eyelid margin The levator muscle usually becomes aponeurotic at the equator of the globe in the superior orbit The aponeurosis courses anteriorly to insert onto the ... most of the surgical scar is hidden within the hairline When the incision is extended into the preauricular area, the surgical scar is inconspicuous SURGICAL ANATOMY Layers if the Scalp The basic ... Nerve The temporal branches of the facial nerve are often called the frontal branches when they reach the supraciliary region The nerves provide motor innervation to the frontalis, the corrugator,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:20

... either of these wide exposure methods The vascular and neural supply to the masseter muscle courses from the medial side of the mandible through the sigmoid notch into the masseter muscle Therefore, ... method to identify and cauterize the artery is to strip the periosteum along the roof of the orbit and inferior to where the artery pierces the medial orbital wall With a periosteal elevator on ... lateral to the capsule of TMJ An incision through the periosteum just inferior to the insertion of the TMJ capsule at the condylar neck will expose the neck of the condyle Wider access below the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:20

... tightened to examine the effect of the medial pull of the alar bases on the nose (Fig 7-7) Another method is to evert the tissue into the incision area by pressing the thumb or finger into the alar ... allows the retractor to retract the septum and nasal mucosa above the level of the anterior nasal spine A scalpel is used to make a horizontal incision on top of the anterior nasal spine, freeing the ... the midfacial skeleton, from the zygomatic arch to the infraorbital rim to the frontal process of the maxilla The greatest advantage of the approach is the hidden intraoral scar that result The...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:20

... retractor, sigmoid notch retractor)(Figs 10-10 to 10-12) Figure 10-9 Subperiosteal dissection of the masseter muscle The periosteal elevator is used to strip the muscle fibers from the top to the ... Posterior to the parotid gland, the nerve trunk is at least cm deep to the surface of the skin The two divisions proceeds forward in the substance of the parotid gland and divide into their terminal ... throughout the procedure, keeping the corner of the mouth and lower lip within the surgical field anteriorly and the entire ear posteriorly These landmarks orient the surgeon to the course of the facial...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:20

... throughout the surgical procedure When the rhytidectomy approach to the mandible ramus/angle is used, the structures that should be visible in the field include the corner of the eye, the corner of the ... than the posterior (3 mm) and anterior (2 mm) bands The upper surface of the disk adapts to the contours of the fossa and eminence of the temporal bone, and the lower surface of the disk adapts to ... facelift The deeper dissection is the same as described for the retromandibular approach The main advantage of the rhytidectomy approach to the ramus is the les conspicuous facial scar The disadvantage...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:20

... Failure to develop the flap close to the cartilaginous external auditory canal increases the risk of damage to these structures Below the zygomatic arch, dissection proceeds bluntly adjacent to the ... Dissection above the zygomatic arch to the level of the superficial layer of the temporalis fascia Dissection below the zygomatic arch along the external auditory meatus to the same depth 171 ... layer of the temporalis muscle is used to strip periosteum off the lateral portion of the zygomatic arch, and continues the dissection below the arch just superficial to the capsule of the temporomandibular...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:20

... inflammation He showed that the mouse has distinct advantages over the rat in that it provides the opportunity to dissect the mechanisms involved in inflammatory responses using the molecular (transgenic ... immunological (antibodies) tools, which are more readily available for the mouse than rat To further explore the advantages conferred by using mice the same author also described the development and ... in the study of smoking-related inflammation Mice were exposed to smoke for one to three days and the inflammatory response was studied First he demonstrated the development of an inflammatory...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/11/2014, 10:08

... priori in the parametrization, one method of designing this feedback gain is introduced to control the asymptotic behavior of the closed-loop system The underlying idea of the method is that the support ... f , x(i|t) is the nominal value of x(i|t) or the state x(i|t) with the ¯ absence of w(i|t), the last term in (1.16) is due to the presence of disturbance and its value belongs to the set Fi defined ... In the case where these conditions are not satisfied, the closed-loop system state can also converge to the same set if a less intuitive cost function is used in the FH optimization problem The...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 14:29

... converge to the origin but to some set containing the origin Consider the set given by the Minkowski sum Fk := DW ⊕ ΦDW ⊕ · · · ⊕ Φk−1 DW = k ∑ Φ j−1DW (2.32) j=1 The set Fk corresponds to the set ... that arises in the above MPC problem is the asymptotic behavior From Theorem 3.1.1, the disturbances drive the states in F∞ as t goes to infinity Therefore, F∞ may be regarded as the ‘origin’ for ... Increasing the length of N leads to a greater number of decision variables and, therefore, to a greater on-line computational effort One of the ways to reduce the on-line computational effort is to enlarge...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 14:29