summary of the film artificial intelligence

... have changed the subtitle to better represent the contents of the book. The basic philosophy of the original version has been kept in the new edition. That is, the book covers the most essential ... of the two vectors y and t, we take the square of the error or "distance" of the two vectors as follows. E = () 2 1 2 j j jty ⎛⎞ − ⎜⎟ ⎝⎠ ∑ Generally, taking the square of the ... factor of (1/2) and the new factor of 2 from differentiation cancel out, and the coefficient of the derivative will become 1. The goal of the learning procedure is to minimize E. We want to the...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:09

... is unique in the diversity of backgrounds of the experts it brings together. The members of this Committee on Army Robotics and Artificial Intelligence have among them 248 years of industry ... for the performance of a variety of tasks. The main components of a robot are ã the mechanical manipulator, which is a set of links that determine the work envelope of the robot and the ability ... Report of the Army Science board Ad Hoc Subgroup on Artificial Intelligence and Robotics The Army Science Board Ad Hoc Subgroup was established to provide an assessment of the state of the art of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 01:15

... and the Health of the Public: A Summary of the February 2009 Summit http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12668.html 20 INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE AND THE HEALTH OF THE PUBLIC In addressing the issue of involving ... publication, Integrative Medicine and the Health of the Public: A Summary of the 2009 Summit, provides an account of the discussion and presentations of the two-and-a-half day summit in Washington, ... NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 14:20

... slotting fees (Bloom et al.). Summary of Economic Arguments Any characterization of the competitive effects of slot- ting fees must be clear as to the source of the fees—whether they are offered by suppliers ... either on the num- ber of voters or on the volume of product marketed) from the producers who will be subject to its provi- sions. Depending upon the provisions of the order, the agreement of ... tools to address the imbalance of power in the produce in- dustry? Unfortunately, there have been few systematic studies of their performance. Central was the grandfa- ther of the breed of cooperatives...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 13:20

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 21:56

... with the concurrence of the other intelligence chiefs, forwarded the proposed action to the NSC. Sidney Souers, by then the executive secretary of the NSC, responded by questioning why the NSC ... representing each of the 15 organizations of the US Intelligence Community, as of 2005, surround the seal of the director of central intelligence. xvii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS HPSCI House of Representatives ... government endorsement of the authors’ factual statements and interpretations. The Center for the Study of Intelligence The Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI) was founded in 1974 in response to Director of Central...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:20

... of the CIF Annual Report, so as to keep the committees informed of the variety of instruments that are being used together with a brief analysis of lessons learned and the context in which they ... and other relevant lessons learned; 6 management structure: the Trustee as manager of the financial assets of CIF, the Administrative Unit as the coordinator of the CIF network, and the ... discussion of issues related to timing, criteria, and modalities for consideration of the expansion of the number of CIF partner agencies. PROGRESS REPORT ON MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE OPERATIONS OF THE...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:21

... togetherwithanexamination of keyuncertaintiesandlimitations;andaseries of conclusionsandinsightsgainedfrom the analysis.ItisimportanttorecallthatthisRIA restson the analysisdonein2008;nonewairqualitymodelingorotherassessments werecompletedexceptthoseoutlinedabove. The supplementincludesapresentation of the benefitsandcosts of attainingvarious alternativeozoneNationalAmbientAirQualityStandardsin the year2020.Theseestimates onlyincludeareasassumedtomeet the currentstandardby2020.Theydonotinclude the costsorbenefits of attaining the alternatestandardsin the SanJoaquinValleyandSouthCoast airbasinsinCalifornia,becauseweexpectthatnonattainmentdesignationsunder the CleanAir Actfortheseareaswouldplacethemincategoriesaffordedextratimebeyond2020toattain the ozoneNAAQS. InTableS1.1below, the individualrowestimatesreflect the differentstudiesavailableto describe the relationship of ozoneexposuretoprematuremortality.Thesemonetizedbenefits includereducedhealtheffectsfromreducedexposuretoozone,reducedhealtheffectsfrom reducedexposuretoPM 2.5 ,andimprovementsinvisibility. The rangeswithineachrowreflect twoPMmortalitystudies(i.e.PopeandLaden). Rangesin the totalcostscolumnreflectdifferentassumptionsabout the extrapolation of costsasdiscussedinChapter5 of the 2008OzoneNAAQSRIA. The lowend of the range of netbenefitsisconstructedbysubtracting the highestcostfrom the lowestbenefit,while the highend of the rangeisconstructedbysubtracting the lowestcostfrom the highestbenefit. The presentation of the netbenefitestimatesrepresents the widestpossiblerangefromthis analysis. TableS1.2presents the estimate of totalozoneandPM 2.5 ‐relatedprematuremortalities andmorbiditiesavoidednationwidein2020asaresult of thisregulation.  ... $47,000 a Estimatesareroundedtotwosignificantfigures.Assuch,totalswillnotsumdowncolumns.  S.2.4.4 Summary of TotalCosts   TableS2.9presentsa summary of the totalnationalcosts of attaining the 0.055ppm and the 0.060ppmalternativestandardsin2020.This summary includes the engineeringcosts of the modeledcontrolstrategy(presentedin the 2008OzoneNAAQSRIAChapter5 4 ), the additionalsupplementalcontrols,aswellas the extrapolatedcosts.ConsistentwithOMB CircularA‐4,costsarepresentedata7%discountrate.  7 The midrangeestimateconsists of usinganMvalue of 0.24for the estimation of the averagecostperton of controlbygeographicarea.Foracompletelisting of averagecostpertonbygeographicareaseeAppendixS2a. ... The costs of identifiedcontrolmeasuresaccountsforanincreasinglysmallerquantity of the totalcosts of attainment.Thisisamajorlimitation of the costanalysis.Weassume amajority of the costs of attaining the tighteralternativestandardswillbeincurred throughtechnologieswedonotyetknowabout.Thereforecostingfutureattainment baseduponunspecifiedemissionreductionsisinherentlydifficultandspeculative.  The uncertaintiesandlimitationssummarizedabovearegenerallymoreextensivethan thosefor the 0.075ppm,0.070ppm,and0.065ppmanalyses. The tablebelowcontrastsour level of confidenceineach of the keyresults.  TableS2.1:Keyuncertaintiesandlimitationsin the analysisfor 0.060ppmand0.055ppm Analyticalquestion...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:20

... combination), house design (e.g. the size and construction materials of the house, the arrangement of rooms, and the number of windows), and stove-use Summary of the PERN Cybersminar Air Pollution ... but also of the characteristics of outdoor air pollution, including the contribution of various sources and the size distribution of particulate matter (PM). ã Epidemiologic studies of the effects ... in the north will benefit from access to greater quantities of low-sulfur coal, whereas the lack of low-sulfur coal in the South will significantly increase the cost of emissions control. Other...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 18:20

... initiation of down- stream signaling processes. The ligation of VEGFR-2 by the majority of VEGF isoforms triggers the proliferation, migration and survival of endothelial cells, which in tumors form the ... within the major histocompatibility com- plex (MHC) presented by APCs; the second is the binding of costimulatory ligands, expressed on APC, to receptors on the T cells. The discovery of multiple ... that influence the course of T cell activation has increased our appreciation of the complexity of the T cell response. CD28 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) are the critical costimulatory...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... conclusion, the 2010 Primer on Tumor Immunol- ogy and Biological Therap y of Cancer™ provided a comprehensive overview of the principles of immunol- ogy, with the aim of advancing the understanding ... IL-13. In summary, DC sub sets elicit distinct immune responses. DCs have functional plasticity at the level of the receptor–thenatureoftheresponseofagivenDC Balwit et al. Journal of Translational ... He notedthattherearetwomaintypesofTregcells .The natural Tregs represent about 2% to 5% of cells in the peripheral blood; they differentiate in the thymus and express TCRs and CD4, as well as the a-chain...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... is unique in the diversity of backgrounds of the experts it brings together. The members of this Committee on Army Robotics and Artificial Intelligence have among them 248 years of industry ... for the performance of a variety of tasks. The main components of a robot are ã the mechanical manipulator, which is a set of links that determine the work envelope of the robot and the ability ... in the matrix, therefore, represent the committee ' s estimate of the costs of a single contractor based on the number of man years of a fully supported senior engineer. Believing that the...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 18:20

... order to research the phase structure of LSM and LSMq. 6. The contribution of thesis This thesis has many contributions in morden physics. 7. The structure of thesis The thesis includes 133 ... (LSMq) the present researchs only consider the case in which ICP is vanished. The studies of chiral phase transition in compactified space – time are in first stage so far. 3. The aims of thesis ... 2 - Studying of the effect from neutrality condition on the phase structure of LSM and LSMq. - Studying of the chiral phase transition in compactified space – time. 4. The subject, research...

Ngày tải lên: 09/07/2014, 08:17

... on the basis of a comparison between the two systems. Furthermore, the core to the success of the Swedish land registration system is the technical and technological issue, and the use of ... unit of local residents to follow and supervise the implementation of land use planning. 6. The responsibility of the People’s Committee of the commune or ward must be strengthened in the treatment ... 3.2. The organization of the system of land registration in Sweden 3.2.1. The machinery and the staff 3.2.1.1. The machinery The National Land Survey, with its four professional division (the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 14:00

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Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 01:22

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 01:22