studies of nonpharmacological interventions to reduce brain injury

... Trials of Antiretroviral Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of HIV and Table 3, Results of Major Studies on Antiretroviral Prophylaxis to Prevent Mother -to- Child Transmission of HIV: ... Periconception administration of antiretroviral PrEP for HIV-uninfected partners may offer an additional tool to reduce the risk of sexual transmission (CIII) The utility of PrEP of the uninfected partner ... Mode of Delivery to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of HIV .G-8 Table Recommended Neonatal Dosing for Prevention of Mother -to- Child Transmission of HIV H-12 Recommendations for Use of...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 13:20

... Standardization of data collection and coding is essential to facilitate sharing of results and to analyze data across studies Initial steps undertaken by the IMPACT study group towards development of standardization ... and further funded as part of the interagency initiative in the US towards ‘an integrated approach to research in Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury Page of (page number not for citation ... further funded as part of the interagency initiative in the US towards ‘an integrated approach to research in Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury References Maas AIR, Stocchetti N, Bullock...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 19:20

... from 2000 to 2005, the ratio of stunting is still high and should be paid attention to In this period, this rate reduced only from 33% to 25% According to data of National Institute of Nutrition, ... causes of stunting malnutrition including prenatal and postnatal factors The prenatal factors including internal factors and external factors; a few studies on prenatal stage 1.2 SOLUTIONS TO STUNTING ... the average rate of the whole country in 2010 was 5.6% 4.1.2 Factors related to stunting malnutrition in children under years 4.1.2.1 Factors of mother related to nutrition of children Relationship...

Ngày tải lên: 18/08/2015, 15:33

... vulnerability and lack of capacity to respond to early warning are influenced by the interventions of both emergency and urban planning The main objective of this study is to develop an assessment ... linked with the study of risk (Cardona 2004) Some of the studies to explain people´s behaviour have been developed borrowing the theories of the field of psychology One of the theories is “Reasoned ... assessment to extreme hazards such as tsunamis, the role of cognitive factors and perceptions needs to be recognized or seen as part of vulnerability The important aspect of cognitive factors which...

Ngày tải lên: 19/11/2015, 15:56

... reduce consumption of the taxed nutrients as well as total energy intake However, the findings of modelling studies not comprise empirical evidence Studies of tax and price policies applied to ... more likely to have been subject to scrutiny for research quality Given the limited number of studies of direct relevance to the question, the search was expanded to include sources of grey literature ... described below, some of the reviews covered studies of economic incentives for health conditions in addition to obesity, while others covered studies of various types of interventions, including...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 08:20

... and Valuation of Health survey [7] Choice of studies In order to be able to study effects at the patient level, the data used were limited to those from studies that the investigators had been ... Cochran's Q statistic and the degrees of freedom of the test to provide a measure of the percent of total variation that is due to heterogeneity between studies, or here, between disease/treatment ... validated and widely used in studies of patients with CHD [26,27] Studies used for the analysis Seven studies of cardiac interventions conducted in the UK were used The studies are summarized in...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... because of a variety of factors influencing GPs’ recognition and management of anxiety and depressive disorders These factors are related to (a) patients, such as lack of recognition of having ... http://www.implementationscience.com/content/6/1/75 to lead to reduction of the burden of disease and improvement of social functioning [11,12] The management of anxiety and depressive disorders by general ... is affected by impeding local factors related to care professionals, the organisation of care, and social factors Successful implementation is only possible Page of when these barriers are dealt...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 11:20

... and without previous exposure to the interventions GPs' level of experience with and attitudes towards interventions to improve clinical practice need to be taken into account when planning widespread ... of physicians with experiences of implementing both approaches and the attitude of physicians who have no practical experience of either intervention Our goal was to highlight the influence of ... attitudes towards the interventions Because GP practices were randomised in the trial, we had the unique opportunity to explore views and attitudes towards these contrasting interventions of two...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:21

... risk factors Proportion of randomized participants with CVD and CVD Proportion of randomized participants with CVD and CVD risk factors *In the absence of diabetes **FH: family history of cardiovascular ... the clinical utility of the case management model [37-39] Our experience to date has led to success in a number of areas that are likely to translate into final success of the project Among these: ... intention -to- treat analysis, this sample size yields 87% power to detect a mean change of points in the Framingham risk score, with an SD of 10, at an α level of 0.01 after accounting for a 25% loss to...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:22

... and without previous exposure to the interventions GPs' level of experience with and attitudes towards interventions to improve clinical practice need to be taken into account when planning widespread ... of physicians with experiences of implementing both approaches and the attitude of physicians who have no practical experience of either intervention Our goal was to highlight the influence of ... attitudes towards the interventions Because GP practices were randomised in the trial, we had the unique opportunity to explore views and attitudes towards these contrasting interventions of two...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:20

... does not lead to release of significant amounts of inflammatory cytokines by the lung in the absence of lipopolysaccharide challenge Likewise, in experimental studies other investigators have shown ... three modes of ventilation inscribed into the quasistatic pressure–volume curve of the respiratory system of an animal after lung washes Loop A: tidal insuflation with a positive endexpiratory pressure ... factor? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998, 157:1721-1725 Ranieri V, Suter P, Tortorella C, Tullio R, Dayer J, Brienza A, Bruno F, Slutsky A: Effect of mechanical ventilation on inflammatory mediators...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

... concluded that ventilator strategies designed to reduce VILI can explain these discrepancies Although the animal studies of HFOV support its use to improve RDS and prevent CLD, studies in preterm ... order to reduce pulmonary vascular resistance and limit right -to- left shunting The application of ‘gentle ventilation’ principles to the CDH population helped to decrease mortality rates to 31–39% ... evidence of BPD [53] Animal studies indicate that the pathogenesis of VILI is similar in preterm infants and infants with CDH The lungs of rats with nitrofen-induced CDH who are exposed to mechanical...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... 12 No Bassin and Bleck as those anesthetized to EBS [5] Barbiturates lessen the release of S-100B, excitatory neurotoxins, and amino acid markers of energy failure, but it has not been proven ... Frontera G, Brell M, Ibanez J, Ibanez J: Pentobarbital versus thiopental in the treatment of refractory intracranial hypertension in patients with traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial ... 2000 Shiu GK, Nemoto EM, Nemmer J: Dose of thiopental, pentobarbital, and phenytoin for maximal therapeutic effects in cerebral ischemic anoxia Crit Care Med 1983, 11:452-459 Page of (page number...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... classification Discussion This is the first report of the use of VOM as an indicator of outcome prognosis in sTBI For the two groups GOS to or GOS to 2, prediction of the individual patients outcome based ... use of VOM as a compact bedside test with ad hoc results is desirable Here the automated analysis of OMR and simplification of hardware could lead to a new point -of- care technology Prognosis of ... could be due to the difficulty in detecting diffuse axonal injury [34,35] and lesions of the brainstem [2] Recently, research into the value of imaging for prognosis has focussed on the brainstem...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... three-axis micromanipulator from a height of mm with a force of 5.26 μJ onto the CA1 region of the hippocampal slices The shape of the stylus was round to prevent piercing of the tissue After traumatizing ... local injury The so-called secondary injury is amongst others caused by excitotoxicity [42], up-regulation of cell-death genes [43], the formation of free radicals and the activation of proapoptotic ... Zimmer J: Comparison of excitotoxic profiles of ATPA, AMPA, KA and NMDA in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures Brain Res 2001, 917:21-44 Rekling JC: Neuroprotective effects of anticonvulsants...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... centres It is likely that the injury profile of trauma patients at these hospitals will differ from the injury profile of an entire trauma system Finally, two of these studies [9,10] included only ... 679 Table Injury types sustained by 1565 patients for whom no codes could be mapped to AIS08 % of available AIS98 codes (out of 1341 codes) Page of 10 50.6% Total Injury type Number of injuries ... head injury 131 7.7% Other injury to head or face 48 2.8% Combined thoracic injury code Other injury to chest or abdomen 498 65 29.3% 3.8% Upper limb injury 142 8.4% Pelvic or pelvic joint injury...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 23:20

... generally did not offer consistent reductions due to the displacement of trawlers out of the closure area and into areas used by other turtles The impetus of our study was to determine effective ... 3.2 100 55 68 95 a Percentage of the closure area relative to the total area (2,006.6 km2) of waters used by shrimp trawlers (0.0–9.6 km from shore) Total number of trawler positions recorded ... database to reduce serial autocorrelation between successive points while maintaining adequate sample sizes (De Solla et al 1999) For cases in which elimination of a location was required due to autocorrelation,...

Ngày tải lên: 04/09/2015, 12:42

... allergy history were selected as a control group The non-atopic status of healthy controls was double confirmed by a negative SPT to all common inhalant allergens and a negative result of Phadiatop ... course of the treatment (Fig 1) The reasons for the loss of follow-up are (1) patients (n = 3) migrated to another city; (2) patient (n = 1) reported improvement of the symptom and decided to terminate ... changes of VAS versus changes of plasma IL17 protein (D) were also illustrated DVAS referred to the ratio of (VASSIT22VASSIT+)/VASSIT2, and DIL17 referred to the ratio (in percentage) of (IL17SIT22IL17SIT+)/IL17SIT2;...

Ngày tải lên: 23/09/2015, 14:47

... approximately three-quarters of the session The remainder of the time was dedicated to a psycho-education programme addressing common consequences of brain injury and introducing compensatory strategies 2.3 ... shown to impact different skills, with more evidence for the effectiveness of restorative techniques in the rehabilitation of attention, and greater evidence of the effectiveness of compensatory ... “sometimes” or “often” Responses are summed into nine factors: inhibit, shift, emotional control, self-monitor, initiate, working memory, plan/organise, task monitor and organisation of materials...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2016, 07:31

... mediator of the sterile inflammatory response Findings Inflammation is recognised as a major contributor to the worsening of acute brain injury [1] In particular two pro-inflammatory members of ... influenced by inflammatory processes, which can augment primary injury caused by reduced blood supply The cytokines interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and IL-1β are key contributors to ischemic brain injury However, ... expression of IL-1α in areas of focal neuronal injury suggests that it is the major form of IL-1 contributing to inflammation early after cerebral ischemia This adds to the growing body of evidence...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20