structural actions of historic buildings

... I Structural Aspects of Historic Buildings Structural actions of historic buildings 25 Structural elements I: Beams, arches, vaults and domes 37 Structural elements II: Trusses and frames 51 Structural ... Preventive maintenance of historic buildings 235 17 Fire 251 18 Presentation of historic buildings 261 19 Cost control of conservation projects 273 20 Rehabilitation of historic buildings 277 v Contents ... decay is a law of Nature and we can only slow the process down Part I STRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF HISTORIC BUILDINGS This Page Intentionally Left Blank Structural actions of historic buildings Loadings...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 18:20

... Ssdof = (∑ mif i ) Vbase ∆ , ∆sdof = roof , Γ = M* Γf roof ∑ mifi (b) Figure Static nonlinear analysis and conversion to equivalent sdof system: (a) static nonlinear analysis; (b) equivalent sdof ... high-rise buildings is to restrict structural response to the linear domain and to check performance of key nonstructural components for ground motions having peak ground velocity of around 10 ... indications both of the level of axial load and the degree of nonlinear action required For significant buildings, nonlinear analysis procedures are preferred While the importance of deformation...

Ngày tải lên: 21/07/2014, 20:20

... K11C TABLE OF CONTENTS  Acknowledgements Table of contents PART A: INTRODUCTION Aims of the study Scope of the study .2 Methods of the study Design of the study ... and design of the study Part B is the main part of the study that consists of three chapters below • Chapter I focuses on the theories of the study • Chapter II is an Analysis of the structural ... “Structure is an art of the performance on content factors of the writers Structurally, the writers can change the orders of the contents of the news story” In fact, the paragraph of a news story...

Ngày tải lên: 02/09/2012, 11:12

... biodegradability of CAAs regardless of the number of attached chlorine atoms The purposes of this research are to investigate the effect of the number of attached chlorine atoms on the reaction mechanism of ... value reached 860 mg / L with reduction of 43 % of total carbon content In case of TCAA, the decomposition of products reached 72 % of total carbon content of TCAA in Since biodegradable products ... beginning of hydrothermal reaction In the total carbon contents of DCAA, 59 % of malic 25 17 27 57 Reaction time (min) b) Products from TCAA Figure Effect of reaction time on the content change of products...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... the structural features of English news story TABLE OF CONTENTS  Acknowledgements Table of contents PART A: INTRODUCTION Aims of the study Scope of the study .2 Methods of ... and design of the study Part B is the main part of the study that consists of three chapters below • Chapter I focuses on the theories of the study • Chapter II is an Analysis of the structural ... Thi Ha – K11C 12 A study on the structural features of English news story CHAPTER II: ANALASIS OF THE STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF ENGLISH NEWS STORY 2.1 Structure of paragraph News story appeals readers...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 14:47

... 40 mM Mes buffer at pH 6.0 (25 °C) Structural formulas of the substrates are presented Redox potentials (E°) of T1 coppers of the laccases and redox potentials of the substrates at pH 4.5 and pH ... by the nature and position of substituents on the phenolic ring of the substrate Second, the redox potential (E°) of the substrate must be low enough, as the rate of the reaction has been shown ... compilation ª 2011 FEBS 2285 Crystal structure of a Thielavia arenaria laccase J P Kallio et al thermostability of the enzyme [34] On the basis of the sequence of TaLcc1, there are eight putative N-glycosylation...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 18:20

... enhance, the characteristic structural interactions of a nucleic acid with a protein Conclusions The functional and structural studies presented herein demonstrate the attributes of N-acylsulfonamidyl ... afnity of tetrasulfonimide than of tetrasulfonimide is consistent with the spacing of their sulfonimidyl groups RNase A has four well-dened phosphoryl group-binding subsites [35,36] The spacing of ... hydrogen bonds in each of its conformations Thus, in either observed conformation of N-acylsulfonamide 7, there are a total of four hydrogen bonds formed by the uridine ribose Of the two hydrogen...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... (1953) Studies of the nucleation and growth reactions of selected types of insulin fibrils J Am Chem Soc 75, 2592–2600 Pekar AH & Frank BH (1972) Conformation of proinsulin A comparison of insulin ... distribution of 100 lM proinsulin C-peptide in the presence of divalent Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions under native conditions (B), and of 100 lM C-peptide in the presence of insulin (C) and of 100 lM C-peptide ... population of monomers ˚ with a hydrodynamic radius of approximately 16 A, which is in agreement with the results of the NMR The addition of SDS to the C-peptide sample leads to formation of larger...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 04:20

... region of VpU, as indicated by a small number of observed long-range NOEs [24] NMR structure of micelle-associated HIV-1 VpUcyt Another important aspect is the topology of the cytoplasmic domain of ... the expected number of cross-peaks of VpUcyt were obtained with perdeuterated DPC (DPC-d38) at 30 °C A series of HSQC spectra of mm VpUcyt was recorded with varying amounts of DPC-d38 in the sample ... mark the theoretical average values of the downfield shift of 13Ca (top) and 13CO (bottom) as well as of the upfield shift of 1Ha resonances (middle) characteristic of a 100% helical secondary structure...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20

... the progress of the reactions of WT enzyme and other mutants is very fast The results are summarized in Fig It is evident that the Y74W* mutant shows an enhancement of activity of 21.9-fold over ... the geometry of the active site The availability of crystal structures of TIMs from 21 sources and the large database of TIM sequences from various sources facilitate an analysis of mutational ... features of the Y74W* mutant of PfTIM need to be rationalized: (a) the reduced stability of the dimeric structure, and (b) the signicantly lower value of kcat, suggesting an impairment of the catalytic...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 11:20

... of Glu, glycosylation of Ser or Thr, bromination of Trp, sulfation of Tyr, cyclization of N-terminal Gln, and epimerization of several different residues It is quite rare for such a variety of ... structure of conomarphin was similar to those of other conotoxin cDNAs The cDNA-encoded precursor of conomarphin consisted of a conserved M-superfamily signal peptide of 25 residues, a proregion of ... effect of the d-Phe on structure, was also studied The unusual structure of conomarphin further demonstrates the high diversity of conotoxins Results Purification and primary sequence of conomarphin...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... conservation of charged residues is comparable with the overall homology of these structures, being in the range of 30–40% Table Comparison of structural features of 1SH7, 1IC6 and 1THM 1SH7 Number of ... quality of the models Pairwise least square superposition of the three FEBS Journal 272 (2005) 832–845 ª 2005 FEBS ´ ´ J Arnorsdottir et al Structural aspects of cold adaptation Fig (A) Model of the ... diagram of the Vibrio proteinase structure ˚ structures, with a cut-off distance of 3.5 A showed that 85–93% of the Ca-atoms lie at common positions and ˚ gave a root mean square deviation of 0.84–1.21...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... others A structural alignment of these three models shows that they are indeed close structural Table The quality of fits (described by the chi-squared per degrees of freedom) for a series of Ca2+ ... 1.2 molar ratio of Ca2+ ⁄ CaM to PhK5 had been reached The inset shows an expanded view of the indicated area of the spectrum (Bottom) An overlay of spectra from the titration of Ca2+ ⁄ CaM with ... hand motifs of each CaM domain The presence of a relatively large number of Ca2+⁄ CaM ⁄ peptide complexes in the PDB opens up the possibility of using these structures to perform structural comparisons...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... structural classification of the weak suffixes by degree of weakness as a means of approaching the suffix-incontext problem Table 2, which reviews the prefixes and suffixes defined by Resnikoff ... the various applications and implications of the structurally defined affixes are investigated, that the utility, and therefore the validity, of these structural definitions will be tested Received ... requirement of more than three occurrences with a given letter string Of the strong one-syllable prefixes defined, ab, at, ap, com, an, em, im, and ec are recognized by dictionaries, while vul is not Of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... aliquots of concentrated solutions of the appropriate proteolytic enzyme were added at °C to mL of BLG (2.5 mgÆmL)1 in 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.8) to a final mass ratio enzyme/BLG of : 20 or of ... Proteolysis of heat-unfolded b-lactoglobulin (Eur J Biochem 269) 1365 Fig RP-HPLC analysis of the products obtained upon enzymatic digestion of BLG at 60 °C Proper volumes of concentrated solutions of ... shown the existence of compact structural regions in BLG, that are not affected by physical treatments [10,32] Figure presents some schematics of the structural relationship of CP1/CP2 and TP1/TP2...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... weakness of bands of fragments I and IV and the appearance of fragment II in the degradation of the Tyr146 !His/Asn147 !Ser mutant (panel d) indicated a significant decrease in the rate of cleavage of ... presence of equimolar amounts of trypsin (Table 2) The cleavage of the interdomain and autolysis loops To follow the autolysis of D-chymotrypsin and the mutants, the gel-electrophoretic patterns of ... with an equimolar amount of trypsin DISCUSSION The structural determinants of autolysis and autolytic inactivation of rat D-chymotrypsin (a propeptide deficient variant of the wild-type enzyme,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... the X-ray coordinates of the soybean b-amylase (Fig 4) According to the Ramachandran plot of this model the f and c angles of most of the residues are in the allowed regions of low energy, except ... (homologous to Glu380 of soybean b-amylase) of the C sepium b-amylase, fits the inverting hydrolytic mechanism of b-amylases Binding of maltose or maltal ligands to the active site of soybean b-amylase ... mM MgCl2, 100 mg·L21 gelatin, 0.4 mM of each dNTP, 2.5 U of Taq polymerase (Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Mannheim, Germany), 500 ng of genomic DNA and 20 mL of the appropriate primer mixtures...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... legend of Figure (a) and (b): numbers of cells at 144 h of culture; (c): proliferation rates of GC from small follicles at 48 h of culture; (d): pyknotic rates of GC from large follicles at 48 h of ... morphology of GC cultured on substrata containing different ratios of LN and RGD peptides Effect of5 Effect of anti-α6 IgG on morphology of GC cultured on substrata containing different ratios of LN ... ratios of LN and RGD peptides GC from small follicles were cultured for 144 h as described in legend of Figure (a): numbers of cells at 144 h of culture; (b): proliferation rates of GC at 48 h of...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 17:20

... C49 Fig Triacylated structures of N-terminal peptides of SitC of other three S aureus strains MALDI-TOF mass spectra of the organic phase of in-gel tryptic digests of SitC protein, which was isolated ... the N-terminal lipopeptide of SitC in the presence of n-decyl-b-D-glucopyranoside, followed by chloroform ⁄ methanol extraction Figure 1A shows MALDITOF MS of the chloroform ⁄ methanol organic ... migration position of SitC that was identified at 33 kDa in either the cell lysate or TX114 phase (B,C) MALDI-TOF mass spectrum of the in-gel tryptic digests of a 33-kDa region of the cell lysate...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 01:20