stresses and strains in soils
chemical equilibria and kinetics in soils
Ngày tải lên :
01/04/2014, 10:28
... EQUlLmRIA AND KINETICS IN SOILS (1.17) where Zi is the valence of the metal or ligand whose total molality is m Ti and the sum is over all metals (including hydrogen) and ligands (including hydroxide) ... mathematical expression for In 'Y ± (or In 'YM and In 'YL) should include both linear and bilinear terms in the molalities of all metals and ligands (or all charged species) in an aqueous solution ... compounds of principal interest in soils In this and subsequent chapters, Standard-State chemical potentials for gases, liquids, solids, and solutes usually will be taken from data in the following critical...
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terrestrial biotic ligand model (tblm) for copper, and nickel toxicities to plants, invertebrates, and microbes in soils
Ngày tải lên :
13/11/2014, 11:21
... fetida) and springtails (Folsomia candida)) and microbes (potential nitrification rate and glucose induced respiration) in the same soils that were used for the corresponding speciation studies, and ... (DOC) In aquatic systems, DOC is the dominant complexing agent for metals and thus it is integral to the aqueous speciation modeling However, in soil systems, the contribution of DOM in binding ... (y-axis) and various TBLM parameters (x-axis): (c) log KHBL, and (d) log KHBL In the calculations, the value of β is fixed at 2.60 in all cases Only H+ was included in (c) and both Ca2+ and H+ were included...
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arsenic contamination in soils, water and plants
Ngày tải lên :
25/04/2013, 08:21
... SAMPLING COLLECTION AND TESTING Plants, soils and water samples at six locations had been taken in order to quantify the leveling of arsenic contaminant Five sampling locations are within the interesting ... gold mine The results would give the preliminary informations for planning to use in this area which will be advantageous for managing the agriculture and living area in near future GENERAL INFORMATION ... arsenic contaminated in other medias not only in the water To acquire the solution, this study was performed to investigate the contaminant of arsenics in soils and plants compared to those in water...
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Chemical speciation and extractability of zn, cu and cd in two contrasting biosolids amended clay soils
Ngày tải lên :
15/03/2014, 23:22
... 0:01) except for HOAc–Zn, indicating that soil extractable metals increased linearly with increasing biosolids rate and increased more sharply in the red fallow soil than in Taihu paddy soil Quadratic ... metal speciation in biosolids-amended soils may be useful in answering these questions In the past two decades, much effort has been expended in an attempting to quantify metals held in different soil ... available to plants and the mobility of metals in soils will determine the effects on vegetation and the environment Total concentrations of heavy metals in soils provide little or no indication of...
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Competitive sorption of cadmium and lead in acid soils of central spain
Ngày tải lên :
15/03/2014, 23:22
... between Pb and Cd metals using batch sorption isotherms and kinetics sorption studies for single and binary metal solutions in four soils Sorption isotherms for Pb and Cd in single and binary solutions ... single and binary solutions are similar in soils S1, S2 and S3 and about one order of magnitude lower in S4 than in the rest of the soils As described above, the mineralogical composition of soils ... solutions and soils using the Langmuir equation, ionic strength, the total metal retained in the soils, soils characteristics (including pH and clay content) and an empirical power function for kinetic...
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Controls of bioavailability and biodegradability of dissolved organic matter in soils
Ngày tải lên :
15/03/2014, 23:22
... TOCa inoculum Pinney et al., 2000b Zsolnay and Steindl, 1991d; Qualls and Haines, 1992; Boissier and Fontvieille, 1993; Raymond and Bauer, 2001 inoculum + nutrients Zsolnay, 1996; Marschner and ... scarce and conflicting Jandl and Sletten (1999) observed inhibiting, enhancing and no effects of Al additions on the mineralisation of different DOM fractions from forest floor solutions Since ... drying and rewetting as an indicator of metal toxicity in soils Soil Biol Biochem 33, 235 – 240 Metting, F.B., 1993 Structure and physiological ecology of soil microbial communities In: Metting,...
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Effects of compost and phosphate amendments on arsenic mobility in soils and arsenic uptake by the hyper
Ngày tải lên :
16/03/2014, 00:07
... uptake by Chinese brake fern growing in arsenic contaminated soils; (2) to determine the effects of composts and phosphate rock on arsenic leachability in arsenic contaminated soils; and (3) to ... Chinese brake fern took up As mainly from Fe–As and Ca–As fractions in CCA soil, and from WE–As fraction in ASC soil Both compost and phosphate amendments increased As leaching from CCA soil in ... the DOC in both soils with more pronounced increase observed in the BS treatment (Fig 2c and d) In addition, the CCA soil contained more DOC than the ASC soil although the original OC in the ASC...
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Heavy metal contamination in soils of urban highways (comparision between runoff and soil concentration
Ngày tải lên :
16/03/2014, 00:25
... fraction whereas Cu is mainly in the strongly bound organic and residual phases Hewitt and Candy (1990), examined levels of Pb, Cd and Zn in soil and dust samples collected in and around the city ... exists from wind-blown dust Disruption of these soils during highway maintenance, including mowing, and excavation for resurfacing, will cause suspension of these heavily contaminated soils as small ... on I-75 in Cincinnati, during five rainfall events in 1995 Their results showed that the event mean concentrations (EMC) HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION IN SOILS OF URBAN HIGHWAYS 297 of Zn and Cu exceeded...
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Probiotic Lactobacillus Strains: in vitro and in vivo Studies pot
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 19:20
... immunomodulating properties in in vivo mouse model MATERIAL AND METHODS Survival of Lactobacillus strains at low pH and in the presence of bile salt Lactobacillus strains isolated from feces of healthy infants ... Serum and Vaccine Producer Biomed, Cracow, Poland), Salmonella enterica subsp enterica sv Enteritidis (clinical isolate obtained from the Institute of Sea and Tropical Medicine, Gdynia, Poland), ... the studied strains belong to the genus Lactobacillus and, more precisely, to the group of closely related species including L casei, L rhamnosus and L paracasei The strains LOCK 0900 and LOCK 0908...
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Underground works in soils and soft rock tunnnelling doc
Ngày tải lên :
11/07/2014, 15:20
... tunnel linings in overconsolidated clay Proceedings 7th International Symposium of Institution of Mining and Metallurgy and British Tunnelling Society, Tunnelling 94, London, pp 469-481 Bộjui, H and ... shield tunneling, of external loading conditions, as defined in Pecks (1969) design principles These should include loads involved in handling pre-cast concrete segments and shield jacking operations ... Swelling Rock in Tunnelling Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, Vol 26, No 4, pp 307-311 Anagnostou, G and Kovri, K (1996a) Face Stability in Slurry and EPB Shield Tunneling Proceedings International...
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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "C and 15 N isotopic fractionation in trees, soils and fungi in a natural forest stand and a Norway spruce plantation" pps
Ngày tải lên :
07/08/2014, 16:21
... observed in the A1 horizon of the two stands In both stands A1 δ15 N became positive (1.4% in the natural stand and 0.6% in spruce stand) δ15 N continued to increase in the soil according to the ... ammonium remaining in the soil [37, 40] In heavily manured farmland, ammonium volatilization may induce a large increase in δ15 N of the remaining nitrogen This process cannot be involved in this ... sporophores collected in the natural stand and in the Norway spruce plantation according to (A) total C and total N, and (B) δ13 C and δ15 N, Breuil forest, (all sporophores, mean and standard deviation...
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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp:" Structure, spatial distribution and competition in mixed jack pine (Pinus banksiana) stands on clay soils of eastern Canada" pps
Ngày tải lên :
08/08/2014, 01:21
... of the three main tree species in pure jack pine stands and stands composed of a mixture of jack pine and white birch and jack pine and trembling aspen Source DF Mean square P>F Stand type Error ... of the three main tree species in 68-years old pure jack pine stands, stands mixed with aspen and stands mixed with white birch The spatial distribution of trees in jack pine stands mixed with ... for pure stands The spatial independance of jack pine and birch is explained by birch reproducing itself by seed and by stump sprouts and by its lower position in the canopy Seed-origin birch trees...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "characterization of phosphorus fractions in natural and fertilized forest soils" potx
Ngày tải lên :
08/08/2014, 14:21
... clay minerals and oxides and hydroxides [21] may protect the diester-P in the clay and silt fractions from mineralization and explain the higher diester proportion observed in VR and NF soils ... forms of P in non-fertilized and P-fertilized soils (figure 1) As can be seen in table IV and table V, in FG and VR soils, the concentrations of Pi forms in fertilized soils were lower than in non-fertilized ... kg P ha–1 in April 1992 Some climatic and edaphic data are given in tables I and II The climate of the area is characterized by rainy autumn and spring, and hot, dry summers; some winters are...
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Geochemical and Hydrological Reactivity of Heavy Metals in Soils - Chapter 2 pps
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... stability and transportability Settling rate experiments (Figure 2.2) indicated a decline in the concentration of kaolinitic colloids remaining in suspension at pH
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Geochemical and Hydrological Reactivity of Heavy Metals in Soils - Chapter 4 docx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... pioneering works in applying Gouy-Chapmann and Stern models to kaolinitic soils Since then, many articles in which modeling is performed have appeared in the literature.26,40–44 More recently, and ... resulting value for ∑s j int is 2.4 and thus LogK H = −7.9 In the case of the hydroxo group, there are two Si-O bonds, and one H donating and one H accepting bond Therefore, ∑s j int = and LogK ... performed a great deal of work since Pauling3 introduced the basis for explaining mineral structure and reactivity Our aims are to provide insight into the main processes that control the proton...
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Geochemical and Hydrological Reactivity of Heavy Metals in Soils - Chapter 5 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... Kubicki, J.D and Bleam, W.F., An introduction to molecular modeling, in Molecular Modeling of Clays and Mineral Surfaces, Kubicki, J.D and Bleam, W.F., Eds., Clay Minerals Society, in press 18 ... acids to mineral surfaces and their role in contaminant binding, Sci Total Environ., 118, 413, 1992 31 Myneni, S.C.B et al., Imaging of humic substance macromolecular structures in water and soils, ... regions and coiling of the C backbone could increase the sorption of hydrophobic contaminants and increase the sequestration capacity of the NOM All these components may be available in soils and...
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Geochemical and Hydrological Reactivity of Heavy Metals in Soils - Chapter 7 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... crystalline and of mixed oxidation state (Hem and Lind, 1983; Murray et al., 1985; Adams and Ghiorse, 1988; Wehrli et al., 1992; Mandernack et al., 1995; Mandernack et al., 1995) Investigations using ... of spatial and temporal manganese flux, Can J Fisheries Aquatic Sci., 51, 185, 1994 Bartlett, R.J., Manganese redox reactions and organic interactions in soils, in Manganese in soils and plants, ... mediated mineral formation: Insights into manganese(II) oxidation from molecular genetic and biochemical studies, in Geomicrobiology: Interactions Between Microbes and Minerals, Banfield, J.F and Nealson,...
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Geochemical and Hydrological Reactivity of Heavy Metals in Soils - Chapter 8 ppsx
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... successful in identifying Zn-bearing phases in the subsoil, indicating that Zn was not found in abundant portions in any one phase Aluminum, Si, and Fe in the maps in the subsurface soil indicated ... Chemical and mineralogical forms of Cu and Ni in contaminated soils from the Sudbury mining region and smelting region, Canada, Environ Pollut., 91, 11, 1996 40 Song, Y et al., Chemical and mineralogical ... species determination Indeed, XRD identified franklinite and EM showed the elemental association between Zn and Fe and Zn and S and provided insight into particle size, morphology, and spatial distribution...
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Geochemical and Hydrological Reactivity of Heavy Metals in Soils - Chapter 9 pps
Ngày tải lên :
11/08/2014, 10:22
... concentrations of Cd and Zn decreased following saturation, and Ni decreased in two of the three soils These decreases in metal solubility coincided with a pH increase in all three soils, and were attributed ... conditions, J Colloid Interface Sci., 227, 531, 2000 12 Kashem, M.A and Singh, B.R., Metal availability in contaminated soils: I Effects of flooding and organic matter on changes in Eh, pH, and solubility ... 56, 1004, 1992 35 Kretzschmar, R and Voegelin, A., Modeling competitive sorption and release of heavy metals in soils, in Heavy Metals Release in Soils, Selim, H.M and Sparks, D.L., Eds., CRC Press,...
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