state of development and perspectives

... years ago, and the elephant-like mastodons and the sloth of North America about 13,000 years ago The story was similar for large island birds such as the moas of New Zealand, exterminated ... generations of the arrival of the Polynesians later known as Maoris In the North Atlantic, deliberate hunting of whales—as opposed to the occasional consumption of stranded individuals—was... ... initiated in Scandinavia a thousand years ago, and then further developed by the Basques, who could practice on the whale populations in the Bay of Biscay, now devoid of large cetaceans...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 18:21

... 0081-4539 THE STATE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE FAO THE STATE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE THE STATE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE Malnutrition in all its forms – undernutrition, micronutrient deciencies, and ... acceptability and quality of food; and help 11 12 THE STATE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013 people make better food choices (PinstrupAndersen and Watson, 2011; Thompson and Amoroso, ... production and trade policies and public investments in research and development (R&D) and in infrastructure are some of the factors that influence the supply of different types of ...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:14

... The State of Aging and Health in America About this Report: The State of Aging and Health report consists of five sections. The first section of the report, The Health of Older Americans, presents ... the 50 states and the District of Columbia Table 2 presents, for each indicator, the best- and worst-ranked states, and how many states met each target For each state and the ... vacci- nations, and injuries and deaths due to falls. State- by -State Report Card on Healthy Aging: All states missed the targets for physical activity, nutrition, and weight. All states met the...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 20:20

... & Saiter 2000), and the chemical shifts of Bi 2 O 3 and Bi-metal are very stable in the XPS measurement. NaBiO 3 is often used as a standard of the penta-valent state of Bi, but in our ... ions in BiSG are not the penta-valent state, and therefore the Bi valence states were mixed states of Bi 3+ with Bi 5+ . This mixed valence state of Bi 3+ and Bi 5+ is also supported by EXAFS ... 6. 27 Al-NMR spectra of A1–A5, C2, and α-Al 2 O 3 : (a) whole view of spectra, and (b) expanded view of spectra in intensity scale Sample A4, which includes Al 2 O 3 of 2.3 mol%, has a weak...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... threshold limit hold off limit Actively Q-switched Thulium Lasers 113 The results of measurements of pulse duration and peak power for a low duty cycle of 10% (10 Hz of PRF and 10 ms pump duration) ... output energy of 40 mJ (for incident pump energy of 400 mJ) was the upper limit of efficient operation of the Q-switch. However, the real limit of output energy was far lower, because of the damage ... distance of this lens and beam divergence of the pumping diode stack in both directions Varying focal distance of the focusing lens L1 in front of the diode stack, the size of the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... the center of the top surface of the gauge block and the other lines (Ba and Bb) are at the base plate with same offset from the chosen line at the top surface of the gauge ... continued outstanding success to the various application... research institute of standards and science) The system consists of three major parts; light sources, interferometer part, and environment ... 172 Advances in Solid -State Lasers: Development and Applications the spectral bandwidth of more than 100 nm in wavelength (There are... gauge block and base plate The term...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... standup of the pump LD current and (b) jitters (standard deviation) of the delay times estimated statistically from 500 consecutive pulses, as a function of pump duration [...]... width of ... positioning of ignition apart from Advances in Solid -State Lasers: Development and Applications 196 the cold cylinder wall allows the combustion flame front to expand rapidly and uniformly ... complexities of the laser cavity and the cooling system. In reductions of system size and costs, a multiplexing fiber optics delivery system seems to be ideal and practical for laser ignition of multicylinder...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... the entire bandwidth of the input pulse. The “mask bandwidth” depends upon the width of the mask L, the focal length of the lens f, the line spacing of the grating p and the angle of diffraction ... πω θ = , and 0 ω ω Ω =− , where ( ) ( ) φ φω Ω= and θ i and θ d are the angles of incidence and diffraction respectively, and p the grating line spacing. The electric field profile in the ... ... +250fs and –250fs and maps of the differences of energy P1 and power P2 at the focal plane of a 100 m focal length lens for (a) SLM128, (b) SLM640, (c) AOPDF WB25 and (d) AOPDF...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... Pulses profiles after ideal compression (spectra are shown in Figs. 6 and 7(a) respectively). Advances in Solid -State Lasers: Development and Applications 398 The output pulse profiles and ... conditions (273.15 K), n the refractive index of Advances in Solid -State Lasers: Development and Applications 394 the medium, and n 0 the refractive index of the medium at normal conditions (T=273.15 ... M1, M2 and M3 were the plane mirrors and FM1 was a concave mirror with a 1.7 m radius of curvature. A hard aperture A1 as an attenuator and a beam profile shaper was inserted in front of the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... chirp of the attosecond pulse. This class of instruments plays an important role for the photon handling and conditioning of future ultrashort sources. Advances in Solid -State Lasers: Development ... Advances in Solid -State Lasers: Development and Applications 432 where S1 and S2 are, respectively, the distances G1–P2 and P3–G2. For S < 2p, G1 is imaged behind G2 and the resulting ... model, the Lewenstein model, and the TDSE). Subsequently, we present the control of the intensity and emission timing of high harmonics by the addition of xuv pulses and its application for isolated...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... matching theory and the experimental data highlights the importance of including spatially and temporally 502 Advances in Solid -State Lasers: Development and Applications ... Solid -State Lasers: Development and Applications harmonic spectra for Cr bulk targets Broader width of the harmonics can be explained by self-phase modulation and chirping of the ... fullerene plasma Broadening of the main beam bandwidth causes the broadening of the harmonic’s bandwidth Increase in the harmonic bandwidth with... absorption, index and ionisability with...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... in Solid -State Lasers: Development and Applications 520 Since the incident angle of the laser pulse can be set arbitrarily, one can set θ to the direction of the radiation peak of single ... Advances in Solid -State Lasers: Development and Applications Fig 22 Dependence of (a) the total radiated energy I and (b) the average photon energy E on γ The effect of high-order ... same as those of Fig 21, unless otherwise mentioned Each point of data is the average of the four sets of simulations The standard deviations are always smaller than 5 % and the error...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 10:20

... Abstracting and non-profit use of the material is permitted with credit to the source. Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily ... Advances in Solid -State Lasers: Development and Applications Advances in Solid -State Lasers: Development and Applications Edited by Mikhail Grishin Intech ... beginning of the laser era. Performance of solid -state lasers improved amazingly during five decades. Nowadays, solid -state lasers remain one of the most rapidly developing branches of laser...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 01:21

... Maurice and Erwan Magueur is greatly appreciated This work was supported by grants from the Lorraine Region and Urban Community of Grand Nancy (CUGN) and from the French Ministry of Research and ... and Higher Education PI is a recipient of a Research Fellowship from the French Ministry of Research and Higher Education, and FTY and BEB are Directors of Research at the ´ ´ Institut National ... concentrations of a common food pollutant, B[a]P, caused a rapid, direct and profound inhibition of adipose tissue lipolysis stimulated by epinephrine, dobutamine, salbutamol, BRL37344 and ACTH This...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20

... Azlan1 and Toshio Omori1 of Systems Engineering and Science, Department of Bioscience and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 2Department of Biotechnological Research, Ministry of Science ... increasing the pH and therefore the formation of glazing of struvite, carbonate of calcium and/ or apatite, causing the formation of kidney stones In the South-west coast of India, a group of scientists ... gene of C4, E4, G6 and G7 suggested that these may represent of nitrogen-fixing bacteria Due to the similarities of strains C4, E4, E6, G6 and G7 to Azotobacter species and the amplification of...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 15:20

... intervals for the origin of HTLV-2 as it migrated out of Africa and Asia and into the Americas via the Bering land bridge and 40,000 – 60,000 ya as confidence intervals for the origin of HTLV-1 in Melanesia ... organization and characterization of the HTLV4(1863LE) structural and enzymatic proteins, and the LTR The genomic structure of HTLV-4(1863LE) was similar to that of other PTLVs and included the ... p30II, and p13II (where I and II denote ORFI and ORFII, respectively), have been identified in the pX region of HTLV-1 and are important in viral infectivity and replication, T-cell activation, and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... localized prostate cancer and metastatic and androgen-dependent (AD) LNCaP and AI C4-2B, DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, without any toxic effect on normal prostate epithelial ... pharmacokinetic profile and bioavailability and greater growth inhibitory and apoptotic effects than those of curcumin on lung, breast and prostate cancer cell lines in vitro and animal models ... radiosensibilizing and chemosensibilizing effects on glioma cells via the up-regulation of p53, p21WAF1 and the inhibitor of growth (ING4), inhibition of NF-B and AP-1 transcriptional activities and stimulation...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 14:20

... migration, and differentiation of EPCs and their homing to sites of vascular injury are complex and involve several mediators and receptors, such as P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, CXC chemokine, and ... narrowing and irregularity of the luminal surface in erosion The morphologic characteristics include an abundance of SMCs and proteoglycan matrix, expecially versican and hyaluronan, and disruption of ... Immunofluorescence images of thrombus on rabbit femoral artery Representative immunofluorescent microphotographs of thrombi 15 minutes after balloon injury of normal femoral artery and of atherosclerotic...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 16:20

... migration, and differentiation of EPCs and their homing to sites of vascular injury are complex and involve several mediators and receptors, such as P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, CXC chemokine, and ... narrowing and irregularity of the luminal surface in erosion The morphologic characteristics include an abundance of SMCs and proteoglycan matrix, expecially versican and hyaluronan, and disruption of ... Immunofluorescence images of thrombus on rabbit femoral artery Representative immunofluorescent microphotographs of thrombi 15 minutes after balloon injury of normal femoral artery and of atherosclerotic...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 20:20

... particles vary in size and density, mainly because of differences in the number of apolipoprotein (apo) particles and the amount of Chol ester in the core of HDL molecule The majority of lipoprotein ... turnover and calcium mobilization often present in diabetic patients, contribute to enhanced risk of small vessel occlusions and accelerated development of atherothrombotic disease of coronary, ... and syndrome X, as components of the metabolic syndrome37 Their presence is often accompanied by increased TGs and low HDL While overproduction of VLDLs by the liver and increased secretion of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 00:20