state equation models for linear control systems

... ts )(i−n)α(3:27) ((i − n)α + 1) 3.3 Linear control system in the general state space form Consider a controllable linear fractional control system of the form : (C Dαs + x)(t) = Ax + bu, t < ... na-integrator form was introduced as a scalar representation equation of a control system in a controllable state space form Because of the specific nature of initial conditions for systems defined ... )1−α = for a < 1, evaluating (2.15) at t = ts yields z(ts) = zs, and for t = tf gives z(tf) = zf 2.2 Linear control system in the form of na-integrator Consider a control system of order na, for...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... tracking systems is carried out The models so constructed are categorized in three groups: models based on points, models based on shapes, and hybrid models combining points and shapes The systems ... calibrated, the performance of the model was tested for two, three, and four LEDs Figure 15 shows the results obtained for users 1–5 For each subject, black dots represent the real values for the fixations ... projection is assumed for E; therefore, an error must be considered for the pupil center since E is not exactly contained in rm However, no approximations have been considered for the glints and...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... 8.2 Symbolic Test Generation for CTAS example 248 8.3 Structural information: (S)MSC-based models for CTAS 251 8.4 Comparing test generation times for (S)MSC based approaches ... objects and their interactions 2.1 State- based models Some of the widely used executable state- based notations in the design and analysis of reactive systems are Statecharts [48], Specification and ... automotive control For instance, a telecommunication network with thousands of interacting phones (constituting a phone class), or a controller managing hundreds of clients requiring latest weather information...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:06

... response for small exogenous signals (reference commands and disturbances) One way to design controllers for systems with bounded controls, would be to solve an optimal control problem; for example, ... the state trajectory of the compensator states for the simulation of the linear system Note that the states of the compensator not remain within the BA,C set so there is a potential for the controls ... present in a closed loop control system were studied extensively In the presence of saturations the performance of a linear control system can suffer For example, a linear control system that is...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 10:20

... grammatical formalisms In Proceedings of the 25th Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL’87) Daniel Gildea 2010 Optimal parsing strategies for linear context-free rewriting systems ... Backward and local backward quantities for the expanded range can be expressed as a function of the same quantities for r Therefore if we store our quantities for previously processed ranges, each ... edges for r is defined as Br = {(x, x′ ) | (x, x′ ) ∈ Er , x ≺p r.left, x′ ∈ r} The set of forward edges for r is defined symmetrically as Fr = {(x, x′ ) | (x, x′ ) ∈ Er , x ∈ r, r.right ≺p x′ } For...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20

... resulting equations are often nonlinear, so an additional step must be performed to linearize them Linearization is the development of a set of linear equations that approximate the nonlinear equations ... Summary Feedback control systems measure attributes of the system being controlled and use that information to determine the control actuator signal Feedback control provides superior performance compared ... control Feedback control systems measure the system parameter being controlled and use that information to determine the control actuator signal Open-loop systems not use feedback All the systems described...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 14:09

... V ∗ for the set of all (finite) strings over V For natural numbers r ≥ and f, f1 , , fr ≥ 1, consider a func- tion g : (V ∗ )f1 × · · · × (V ∗ )fr → (V ∗ )f defined by an equation of the form ... results for a grammar factorization problem SCFGs and STAGs are specific instances of LCFRSs Grammar factorization for synchronous models is an important component of current machine translation systems ... Linguistics/Association for Computational Linguistics (COLING/ACL-06) Poster Session, pages 279–286 Daniel Gildea 2010 Optimal parsing strategies for Linear Context-Free Rewriting Systems In Proc 2010...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... of strings, defining the language of G Linear context-free rewriting systems We briefly summarize here the terminology and notation that we adopt for LCFRS; for detailed definitions, see (Vijay-Shanker ... non-negative integers by N For i, j ∈ N, the interval {k | i ≤ k ≤ j} is denoted by [i, j] We write [i] as a shorthand for [1, i] For an alphabet V , we write V ∗ for the set of all (finite) strings ... V be some finite alphabet For natural numbers r ≥ and f, f1 , , fr ≥ 1, consider a function g : (V ∗ )f1 × · · · × (V ∗ )fr → (V ∗ )f defined by an equation of the form binarization of an LCFRS...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:21

... training For log -linear models, POS information and an additional dictionary are used, which is not the case for GIZA++/IBM models However, treated as a method for performing symmetrization, log -linear ... coverage as features Our experiments show that log -linear models significantly outperform IBM translation models We begin by describing log -linear models for word alignment The design of feature functions ... not efficient for our log -linear models It is time-consuming for each feature to figure out a probability when adding a new link, especially when the sentences are very long For our models, gain(a,...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 03:20

... nervous system computes nonlinear transformations required for making an inverse dynamics model of a nonlinear controlled object One is that they are computed by nonlinear information processing within ... Introductio n A computational model for voluntary movement is proposed (Fig 1) which accounts for Marr’s [15] first level for understanding complex information-processing systems: i.e., computational ... network changes its state autonomously by feedforward and feedback synaptic connections within it The stable equilibrium state of the network corresponds to minimum energy state and hence the...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 10:16

... however, these systems are currently used with non-emissions related systems such as headlamp or other body control modules, climate control systems, radios, etc The single circuit systems operate ... service information specifications for the vehicle being tested CAN systems bring many new and exciting possibilities for module and sensor evolution into further advanced electronic systems which ... software of off-board computer systems for CAN compatibility are required because of the addition of the two CAN data circuits in the Data Link Connector (DLC), voltage states used to transmit data...

Ngày tải lên: 13/05/2014, 08:37

... 23 Chapter EES Windows Formatted Equations Window The Formatted Equations window displays the equations entered in the Equations window in an easy-to-read mathematical format as shown in the ... the Formatted Equations window cannot be edited However, clicking the right mouse button on an equation in the Formatted Equation window will bring the Equations window to the front with that equation ... and upper bounds for the variables before attempting to solve the equations This is done with the Variable Information command in the Options menu Before displaying the Variable Information dialog,...

Ngày tải lên: 30/05/2014, 10:12

... Generalized Models for high-throughput analysis of uncertain nonlinear systems Thilo Gross1,2 , Stefan Siegmund∗2 Max-Planck Technical Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, N¨thnitzer ... of systems described by (1) and ask which of those states are stable equilibria For this purpose denote an arbitrary positive steady state of the system by X ∗ , i.e X ∗ is a placeholder for ... important systems For understanding the functioning and failure of these systems, mathematical modeling is instrumental, cp Table However, application of the traditional modeling paradigm, based on systems...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... Agarwal, M Bohner, P Rehak, Half -linear dynamic equations Nonlinear Anal Appl 1, 1–56 (2003) [8] LQ Jiang, Z Zhou, Lyapunov inequality for linear Hamiltonian systems on time scales J Math Anal ... of Lyapunov for linear Hamiltonian systems on time scales J Math Anal Appl 381, 695–705 (2011) [11] GSh Guseinov, B Kaymakcalan, Lyapunov inequalities for discrete linear Hamiltonian systems Comput ... Stability criteria for linear periodic Hamiltonian systems J Math Anal Appl 367, 329–336 (2010) [15] XH Tang, M Zhang, Lyapunov inequalities and stability for linear Hamiltonian systems J Diff Equ...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... Generalized Models for high-throughput analysis of uncertain nonlinear systems Thilo Gross1,2 , Stefan Siegmund∗2 Max-Planck Technical Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, N¨thnitzer ... of systems described by (1) and ask which of those states are stable equilibria For this purpose denote an arbitrary positive steady state of the system by X ∗ , i.e X ∗ is a placeholder for ... important systems For understanding the functioning and failure of these systems, mathematical modeling is instrumental, cp Table However, application of the traditional modeling paradigm, based on systems...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... techniques, control equipment types, and control methods Also included are discussions of stack dispersion techniques, and control equipment selection b Each control equipment chapter provides performance ... Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR BOILERS AND INCINERATORS DEPARTMENTS OF THE ARMY AND THE AIR FORCE MAY 1988 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version ... substantially as follows: :Joint Departments of the Army and Air Force, U.S., Technical Manual TM 5-815-1/AFR 19-6, AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR BOILERS AND INCINERATORS." If the reprint or republication...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 17:20

... prepared for combustion by use of mechanical atomizing burners or twin oil burners In order for fuel oil to be properly atomized for combustion, it must meet the burner manufacturer's requirements for ... source than before it was added In the absence of pollutant reductions at an existing source which is within administrative control, it may be necessary to negotiate for, and probably pay for, emission ... to determine the need for monitoring and, when necessary, to select monitoring sites e Guideline models EPA's guideline on air quality recommends several standard models for use in regulatory...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 17:20

... conventional cyclone, providing a greater separating force for the same inlet velocity and a shorter distance for the particle to migrate before reaching the cyclone walls These units may be used ... determine if these sources comply with federal, state, and local air quality Continuous sampling is the recommended technique for obtaining the most reliable information concerning the variation of pollutant ... together with formaldehyde, a red-violet compound is formed which is then measured spectrophotometrically This method is a discrete instrumental sampling method, but may be modified for continuous...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 17:20

... (See para 7-5 for additional information on materials selection for pollution control systems) b Erosion Erosion is the single most important criterion in specifying the materials for cyclone con- ... used primarily for the removal of sulfur oxides in stack gases (See chapter 10 for a more detailed description of sulfur oxides (SOx) control techniques.) However, as new control systems are devised, ... collection efficiency is good for particles larger than one mircron in diameter Design pressure drop is about 1.5 inches of water for each plate (2) Preformed spray scrubbers A preformed spray scrubber...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 17:20