spliced singly spliced unspliced and u5 u3 hiv 1 rna

... including multiply spliced HIV- 1 RNA, unspliced HIV- 1 RNA, and U3 -U5 HIV- 1 RNA in TERT-2 cells TERT-2 cells were incubated with HIV- 1 IIIb or BaL for h, trypsinized, washed, and incubated for ... CD11a/LFA -1, CD32, CD64, CD89, DC-SIGN, Macrophage Mannose Receptor Human fibroblast a Mean b Mean TE TERT-2 (Mean ± SD)a (Mean ± SD)b 80 ± 11 83 ± 13 ± ± 0 .1 < 1. 0 < 1. 0 < 1. 0 < 1. 0 91 ± 20

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... http://www.retrovirology.com/content/2 /1/ 33 A VIRION CAp24 (ng/µl) 0,20 HIV- 1 HIV- 1 + ASF/SF2 HIV- 1 + SC35 0 ,15 HIV- 1 + 9G8 0 ,10 0,05 1: 0.5 1: 1 1: 3 1: 0.5 1: 1 1: 3 +9G8 1: 3 +SC35 1: 1 +ASF/SF2 B HIV- 1 1:0.5 Pr55Gag p48 p 41 αCAp24 ... total RNA to Northern blot analysis with an HIV- 1 env-specific probe In control HIV1 cells, % of HIV- 1 RNA remained unspliced while this amount was lowered to 0.5% by ASF/SF2 and SC35, and to 1. 5% ... tat RNA is determined by both a suboptimal 3' splice site and a 10 nucleotide exon Page 12 of 13 (page number not for citation purposes) Retrovirology 2005, 2:33 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21

... without AZT (A) (B) 10 6 0 .14 10 5 1. 2x105 1x105 3.6x104 10 4 8.7x103 10 3 5x102 10 10 pNL ssDNA U3 FL FSpl intravirion (DNA /RNA) x100 intravirion DNA copy numbers 0 .1 0 .12 0 .10 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.04 ... SA5 SD4 gag U3 R U5 U3 R SA7 env PPTc PPT3’ PPT3’ U3 ssDNA cDNA U3 R U5 PBS SD1/SA5 FSpl RNA R U5 PBS gag env U3 R U5 SD4/SA7 PPT3’ U3 R U3 ssDNA cDNA SD1/SA5 SD4/SA7 U3 R U5 PBS U3 R U5 Figure ... http://www.retrovirology.com/content/4 /1/ 30 DNA copy numbers 10 8 10 7 10 6 10 5 10 4 10 3 FL FSpl GA GA pNL pNL plasmid DNA ssDNA U3 ssDNA ssDNA Primer: pNL HIV Mock HIV Mock HIV Mock HIV Mock HIV Mock HIV Mock U3 U3 FL FL FSpl...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21

... superposition of unliganded C95M/C1095A structure with each of the six cyclic urea-complexed structures shown in Fig 2B 1LV1 1LV1 1HWR 1DMP 1QBS 1HVR 1QBR 1QBT 1HWR 1DMP 1QBS 1HVR 1QBR 1QBT 0.00 0.39 ... structure 1DAZ with unliganded structure 1LV1 Interestingly, the catalytic aspartates Asp25 /10 25 in the two structures (1LV1 and 1DAZ) are very much super imposable, and the Rmsd for residues 23–26 /10 23 10 26 ... B-scaling [17 ] Inhibitor complex structures containing C95A HIV- 1 protease Structural features of C95A mutation in HIV- 1 protease Eight structures deposited in the PDB (files 1DAZ, 1A94, 1HWR, 1HVR, 1QBS,...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20

... Plasma RNA Levels ≥ 10 ,000 copies HIV RNA/ mL Low Plasma RNA Levels < 1, 000 copies HIV RNA/ mL High Vaginal RNA Levels > 500 copies HIV RNA/ sample Low Vaginal RNA Levels < 10 0 copies HIV RNA/ sample ... Genotypes (n = 14 ) p-value* 62 .1% 14 .3% 0. 01 20.7% 71. 4% 0.004 48.3% 44.4% 1. 00 41. 4% 42.9% 0. 81 38.0% 34.6% 85.7% 44% 0. 01 0.44# *Chi Square (Χ2) analyses #Fisher Exact Test; data from 81% of the ... interests 10 11 12 UNAIDS: 2007 AIDS Epidemic Update Global Summary of the HIV and AIDS Epidemic 2007 Quinn TC, Overbaugh J: HIV/ AIDS in women: an expanding epidemic Science 2005, 308(5728) :15 82 -15 83...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... purposes) Journal of the International AIDS Society 2005, 7: 71 10 11 12 13 14 15 http://www.jiasociety.org/content/7 /1/ 71 Kantor R, Katzenstein D, Camacho R, et al.: Genotypic analyses of RT and protease ... Robertson DL, Anderson JP, Bradac JA, et al.: HIV- 1 Nomenclature Proposal: A Reference Guide to HIV- 1 Classification Human Retroviruses and AIDS: A Compilation and Analysis of Nucleic and Amino Acid ... investigators from 15 sites in 13 countries The goal of the workgroup is to collect and analyze a robust database of sequences and clinical data to identify similarities and differences among HIV- 1 subtypes...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... interfering RNA against CCR5 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003, 10 0 :18 3 -18 8 Page 10 of 11 (page number not for citation purposes) AIDS Research and Therapy 2004, 1: 2 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 ... transduction and sustained expression of HIV- 1 interfering genes, anti-CCR5 ribozyme and HIV- 1 Page of 11 (page number not for citation purposes) AIDS Research and Therapy 2004, 1: 2 http://www.aidsrestherapy.com/content /1/ 1/2 ... of 11 (page number not for citation purposes) AIDS Research and Therapy 2004, 1: 2 http://www.aidsrestherapy.com/content /1/ 1/2 Figure HIV- 1 challenge of in vivo differentiated thymocytes HIV- 1...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:20

... Charitable Trust and the American Lebanese Syrian associated Charities (ALSAC) References 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Perrin L, Kaiser L, Yerly S: Travel and the spread of HIV- 1 genetic variants ... 18 (15 ) :11 35 -11 40 Thomson MM, Perez-Alvarez L, Najera R: Molecular epidemiology of HIV- 1 genetic forms and its significance for vaccine development and therapy Lancet Infect Dis 2002, 2(8):4 61- 4 71 ... immunodeficiency virus type (HIV- 1) clades: relevance to HIV- 1 vaccine trials in Uganda J Infect Dis 2000, 18 2 :13 50 -13 56 Moore JP, Cao Y, Leu J, Qin L, Korber B, Ho DD: Inter- and intraclade neutralization...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:20

... >10 >10 >10 HIV- 1Ba-L 1. 3 ± 01 HIV- 1NDK 0.02 ± 0.0 HIV- 1Ba-L 1. 3 ± 0 .1 HIV- 1NDK 1. 8 ± 0 .1 HIV- 1Ba-L 0.8 ± 0.0 HIV- 1NDK 0.7 ± 0 .1 Enfuviritid (T20) >10 >10 >10 0.08 ± 0 .1 ± 0.5 0.3 ± 0.0 0.8 ± 0.3 ... cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes by using the primary X4-tropic HIV- 1NDK and R5-tropic HIV- 1Ba-L CC50a Antiviral molecules IC50b MΦ DC T cells MΦ* DC* T cells* C14 >10 >10 >10 HIV- 1Ba-L 1. 3 ... with C14 (1 μM) for 10 days (× 10 0) (D) Erosion of the mucosal epithelium of the rabbit #432 that was treated with C14 (20 μM) for 10 days (× 300) 12 13 14 15 16 17 design of the study, and helped...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... lamina propria J Immunol 19 92, 14 9:2 816 -2822 Page 10 of 11 (page number not for citation purposes) AIDS Research and Therapy 2009, 6:20 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Brenchley JM, Schacker ... blood from feces and urines collected from MACS study participants in 2008 ID Viral Loads (copies/ml) CD4/mm3 URINE FECES HIV- 1DNA HIV- 1 RNA HIV- 1 DNA HIV- 1 RNA Group A (N = 10 ) CD4 mRNA Fecal occult ... N/A 15 20 XX186 9/24/2008 N/A 839 XX148 9 /17 /2008 N/A 724 XX0 21 8 /19 /2008 N/A 845 XX280 8/26/2008 10 03 923 XX495 8 /16 /2008 354 71 238 XX326 8/23/2008 2 014 9 392 XX286 9 /17 /2008 2974 320 XX 119 8/26/2008...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... UC-7 81 as a virucidal agent AIDS 19 98, 12 :11 29 -11 38 McGowan I: Microbicides: a new frontier in HIV prevention Biologicals 2006, 34:2 41- 255 Fowler MG, Melnick SL, Mathieson BJ: Women and HIV Epidemiology ... transmission of HIV J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 19 96, 11 : 211 -2 21 13 Zussman A, Lara L, Lara HH, Bentwich Z, Borkow G: Blocking of cell-free and cell-associated HIV- 1 transmission ... 2003, 60 :18 1 -19 2 76 Borkow G, Lara HH, Lapidot A: Mutations in gp 41 and gp120 of HIV- 1 isolates resistant to hexa-arginine neomycin B conjugate Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003, 312 :10 47 -10 52 77...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 00:22

... Charo IF, Herndier BG, Speck RF, Gold- Page 11 of 12 (page number not for citation purposes) Retrovirology 2009, 6:43 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 smith MA: Progress toward ... than rCRM1-HA (Fig 1C), partly accounting for the lower amounts of hCRM1 (See Fig 1B) To examine the effects of both hCycT1 and hCRM1 on HIV- 1 propagation in rat T cells, including FPM1 and C58(NT)D ... to measure the infectivity of HIV- 1 according to previously described procedures [26] NR8383hCRM1, FPM1hCRM1, FPM1hCT, and FPM1hCT/hCRM1 expressing hCRM1, hCycT1, or both were constructed as...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:20

... of Possible Initial Prop Visits 1, 5 0.80 44 12 49 50 54 1* 1* 58* env env env pol pol env env* env* env* 1 1 1 1 1, 6 1, 4 ,11 1, 3,5 1, 5 1, 2,8 1, 1, 10 1, 10 1, 3 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 0.80 0.20 0.20 0.40 0.40 ... 0.60 0.30 0.57 0.50 0.22 39 pol 1, 7 1 1.00 0 43 45 pol env 10 2,3 1, 5,6 ,10 1 1 1. 00 1. 00 15 pol 1, 4 1 0.20 1 20 13 17 55 pol pol env pol 1, 4,9 1, 1, 6 1, 2 1 1 1 1 0.20 0.50 0.80 0.20 Average: Superinfected ... 0.20 0.20 58* env* 1, 3 1, 3 2 0.20 19 env 1, 2 ,10 1, 2 ,10 3 0.60 23 env 3,4,6 0.90 38 10 * 10 * 10 * 14 pol env* env* pol env pol 5,8 3 3,5,8,9 1, 3,5,7 1, 3,5,7 1, 3 1, 9 ,11 1, 3,6 1 1 3 2 0.20 0.60 0.30...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:21

... 203 1. 1 0.85 -1. 46 0. 417 10 4 1. 1 0.77 -1. 56 0. 61 99 1. 2 0.75 -1. 75 0.5 31 HHD 16 7 1. 0 0.74 -1. 32 0.983 94 0.9 0.59 -1. 23 0.385 73 1. 2 0.75 -1. 92 0.442 HHE HHD/HHE 15 8 31 1 .1 1.9 0.82 -1. 51 1 .14 -3 .16 0.495 ... (15 .9) 75 (15 .6) 10 5 (16 .1) HHE 310 (13 .7) 13 8 (12 .2) 17 2 (15 .2) 61 (12 .7) 11 1 (17 .0) HHF *1 128 (5.6) 76 (6.7) 52 (4.6) 24 (5.0) 28 (4.3) HHF*2 480 ( 21. 2) 259 (22.8) 2 21 (19 .5) 99 (20.6) 12 2 (18 .7) ... HHA 6 01 (26.5) 305 (26.9) 296 (26 .1) 13 3 (27.7) 16 3 (24.9) HHB HHC 44 (1. 9) 17 8 (7.9) 25 (2.2) 69 (6 .1) 19 (1. 7) 10 9 (9.6) (1. 7) 42 (8.8) 11 (1. 7) 67 (10 .2) HHD 370 (16 .3 19 0 (16 .8) 18 0 (15 .9)...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... manuscript and have read and approved the final version Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Page of 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Received: 20 April 2 011 Accepted: ... HIV- 1 gp120 influencing gp120-CD4 interactions and fusogenicity of HIV- 1 envelopes derived from brain and other tissues Retrovirology 2 011 8:42 Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and ... V3containing HIV- 1 gp120 core Science 2005, 310 :10 25 -10 28 10 Myszka DG, Sweet RW, Hensley P, Brigham-Burke M, Kwong PD, Hendrickson WA, Wyatt R, Sodroski J, Doyle ML: Energetics of the HIV gp120-CD4...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... Retrovirology 2 011 , 8:45 http://www.retrovirology.com/content/8 /1/ 45 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 alpha defensins and LL-37 with genital infections and increased HIV acquisition ... Bronx, NY 10 4 61, USA HIV attachment assay Received: 30 November 2 010 Accepted: 14 June 2 011 Published: 14 June 2 011 HeLa-CD4-CCR5 cells were seeded at × 10 4 per well in 48-well plates and cultured ... 98 (18 ) :10 037 -10 0 41 doi :10 .11 86 /17 42-4690-8-45 Cite this article as: Rapista et al.: Human defensins and enhance HIV- 1 infectivity through promoting HIV attachment Retrovirology 2 011 8:45 ...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... Page 11 of 13 (page number not for citation purposes) Retrovirology 2008, 5:72 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 innate immunity to retroviral infection Cell 2003, 11 3(6):803-809 ... Vif(-) HIV- 1NL4-3 P24 antigen was measured post-infected day 3, 5, 7, 10 14 , 21 a results of wild type Vif(+) HIV- 1NL4-3 infection; b results of Vif(-) HIV- 1NL4-3 Δ Vif infection Page of 13 (page ... required for human APOBEC3G packaging J Virol 2004, 78( 21) :11 8 41- 118 52 Schafer A, Bogerd HP, Cullen BR: Specific packaging of APOBEC3G into HIV- 1 virions is mediated by the nucleocapsid domain of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... http://www.retrovirology.com/content/5 /1/ 97 a RNPs Absorbance 254 nm 0 .18 Monosomes polysomes 0 .16 0 .14 0 .12 0 .1 pcDNA +EDTA 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0 10 15 Fraction number 20 25 b Sam68∆C Sam68∆C +EDTA 11 13 15 17 19 21 11 13 15 17 19 ... regulation of HIV- 1 alternative RNA splicing Curr HIV Res 2006, 4 (1) :43-55 Hope TJ: The ins and outs of HIV Rev Arch Biochem Biophys 19 99, 365 :18 6 -19 1 Pollard V, Malim M: The HIV- 1 Rev Protein ... the HIV- 1 lifecycle The HIV- 1 env reporter, pgTat, expresses gp160 /12 0 from the unspliced, cleaved mRNA (see Fig 4a) [11 ] Previously, we showed that full-length Sam68 increases the amount of unspliced, ...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... viral RNA genome [9], packaging of the viral RNA into virions [10 -14 ], the strand transfer step of reverse transcription [15 ], and as a possible HIV- 1 derived miRNA with a role in latency [16 ,17 ] ... polyadenylation at 3’ LTR kb AAAAA(A)n 18 S rRNA 915 -939 AAAAA(A)n polyadenylation at SV40 pA 11 91- 1 215 B 5’ AB A B 3’ AB A B AB unspliced CA-p24 (ng/ml) 15 0 10 0 50 TAR TARm A A B B AB AB 5'A A 5’ ... standard deviation (C) Intracellular RNA was isolated and analyzed by Northern blotting with a probe against the U3/ R region of HIV- rtTA The position of the 18 S and 28S rRNA bands, and the unspliced...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... IP IP WL U2OS wt U2OSHIVexo U2OSHIVintro + 10 + 11 WL 12 IP + + + + + + + + + IP + + + WL + + + + 400bp 300bp 200bp β-actin 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 spliced (A+C, 280bp) unspliced (A+B, 372bp) ... RNA export (*) 16 54 [10 ] Involved in HIV RNA binding/regulation EEF1A1 Involved in RNA- dependent binding of Gag 19 15 [ 81] ILF3 NF90 binds HIV- 1 TAR and RRE (*) 3609 [ 51, 52] MOV10 RNA helicase that ... ARP40922_T100, 1: 1000) or a gift from Yosef Shiloh and Maayan Salton (Tel Aviv University, Israel, 1: 10000); p17 (NIH AIDS Reference Reagents Program, 1: 1000); GFP (Roche, 11 814 4600 01, 1: 1000);...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:21