some methods for studies of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor pharmacology

... stoichiometry of a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor Nature 350, 235–238 Conroy, W.G & Berg, D.K (1995) Neurons can maintain multiple classes of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors distinguished ... structure of participate in the formation of EpI-resistant a7 receptors, or an ACh-binding protein reveals the ligand-binding domain of that the functional properties of the nAChR are modified in nicotinic ... Taylor, P.W & Wonnacott, S (1999) International Union of Pharmacology XX Current status of the nomenclature for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and their subunits Pharmacol Rev 51, 397–401...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... Union of Pharmacology XX Current status of the nomenclature for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and their subunits Pharmacol Rev 51, 397–401 Blount P & Merlie JP (1989) Molecular basis of the ... photoincorporation in the c-subunit of the Torpedo nicotinic acetylcholine receptor FEBS Lett 423, 223–226 17 Xie Y & Cohen JB (2001) Contributions of Torpedo nicotinic acetylcholine receptor cTrp-55 and dTrp-57 ... desensitization of acetylcholine receptors Proc R Soc Lond B 209, 447–452 35 Barnard EA, Miledi R & Sumikawa K (1982) Translation of exogenous messenger RNA coding for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 07:20

... widely used tools in studies on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) [6,7] because they can distinguish between different nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes For example, a-conotoxins ... neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors J Biol Chem 280, 80–87 Nicke A, Wonnacott S & Lewis RJ (2004) a-Conotoxins as tools for the elucidation of structure and function of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine ... used for docking experiments We modeled only complexes with an a–c interface of the receptor because the structure of some fragments of the d subunit still remains unsolved and the reliability of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 13:20

... the size of the AChR subunit ECD and forms homopentamers In view of this finding, it seems especially interesting to prepare for structural analysis the ECD of the a7 AChR, i.e of the receptor ... conditions of refolding or measuring the spectra Therefore, the conformation of the a7 moiety in the mutant may be more similar to the ECD conformation of the intact a7 AChR Although calculation of the ... structure of a membranebound acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo californica J Mol Biol 128, 319–334 Miyazawa, A., Fujiyoshi, Y., Stowell, M & Unwin, N (1999) ˚ Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 23:20

... segmentation consist of splitting and merging regions according to how well each region fulfills some uniformity criterion Such methods [28, 29] use a measure of uniformity of a region In contrast, ... comparative study of some methods for color medical images segmentation Liana Stanescu∗ , Dumitru Dan Burdescu and Marius Brezovan Faculty of Automation, Computers and Electronics, University of Craiova, ... elementary piece of information is that the amount of memory space associated to the graph vertices is reduced Denoting by np the number of pixels of the initial image, the number of the resulted...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... demonstrating the involvement of α7 nicotinic receptors in the induction of PGE2 production by activated microglial cells COX-2 is the inducible isoform of the enzyme responsible for the first committed ... alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Mol Pharmacol 2001, 60:1201-1209 Matsunaga K, Klein TW, Friedman H, Yamamoto Y: Involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in suppression of antimicrobial ... conditions for α7 subunit were as follows: initial denaturation at 94°C for followed by 40 cycles of 94°C for 30 sec, 57°C for min, 68°C for 45 sec and an additional cycle with extension at 72°C for...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... segmentation consist of splitting and merging regions according to how well each region fulfills some uniformity criterion Such methods [28, 29] use a measure of uniformity of a region In contrast, ... comparative study of some methods for color medical images segmentation Liana Stanescu∗ , Dumitru Dan Burdescu and Marius Brezovan Faculty of Automation, Computers and Electronics, University of Craiova, ... elementary piece of information is that the amount of memory space associated to the graph vertices is reduced Denoting by np the number of pixels of the initial image, the number of the resulted...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... segmentation consist of splitting and merging regions according to how well each region fulfills some uniformity criterion Such methods [28,29] use a measure of uniformity of a region In contrast, ... elementary piece of information is that the amount of memory space associated to the graph vertices is reduced Denoting by n p the number of pixels of the initial image, the number of the resulted ... determine the colors for the six vertices of hexagon hi determine the colors for the two vertices from interior of hexagon hi calculate the mean color value meanColor for the eight colors of vertices;...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... specific cell surface receptors may identify relevant receptors that contribute to transcription factor expression and ultimate lung formation Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) ... the differentiation status of epithelial cells that express these markers [19,20] Staining of serial sections was selected over preferred methods of dual labeling immunofluorescence because specific ... synthetic oligonucleotides for the desired mutation for FoxA2 (CATTTA®GGGGGG) Functional assays of reporter gene constructs were performed by transient transfection of Beas-2B and A549 cells using...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... binding of agonists to a cell surface receptor of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor family comprised of homomeric α7 subunits, which functions as an ion channel with high permeability for ... agonist for the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) [5] Binding of NNK to this receptor caused an influx of Ca2+ from the extracellular environment [7], resulting in the activation of a ... patients for mRNA expression of the α7 receptor With the exception of NCI-H441 cell line, all cell lines and patient samples tested expressed mRNA for the α7 receptor, and the α7 nicotinic receptor...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:21

... NATIONAL UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS, MECHANICS AND INFORMATICS Nguyen Ly Vinh Hanh SOME METHODS FOR COMMON FIXED POINTS OF A FAMILY OF NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS Undergraduate ... uniformly convex and uniformly smooth B-space, where < q < ∞; G ⊂ Rn measurable set l p is uniformly convex and uniformly smooth for < p < ∞ p Wm (G) is uniformly convex and uniformly smooth for ... nonexpansiveness of Ti and the boundedness of xk yield the boundedness of Ti (xk ) for all i = 1, N Since E is uniformly smooth, J is uniformly continuous on every bounded subsets Therefore, ||J(xk...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2015, 22:58

... input of the algorithm is a representative of the trace Hence, the algorithm transforms directly strings of the language L(Σ) into the set of normal forms of traces This is just the set of all ... from the sequential language of the system? In the next sections, we build three methods for transforming sequential processes into concurrent ones First of all, we formalize concurrent steps on ... be uniquely decomposed into a normal form, i.e a minimal number of ‘maximal independent’ parts They have built two algorithms for finding the normal form of a trace The first algorithm is based...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 13:20

... nm (low-affinity site) for the mouse receptors, and to predict the unknown and novel value of KD for the a3b4 receptors Indeed, we found an IC50 value of 187 nm for a1b1cd receptors (Fig 4E), which ... a-conotoxins, and of a synthetic analog of one of them, on three of the more important types of acetylcholine receptor Moreover, while comparing these properties with those of the well-known ... affinity and selectivity of a-conotoxin MI for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Biochemistry 38, 13310–13315 23 Dutton JL & Craik DJ (2001) a-Conotoxins: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:20

... the NUMBER OF LINES OF FORCE in the CROSS SECTION AREA of the field A FLUX DENSITY of 10,000 lines means there are 10,000 lines of magnetic force in a square inch cross section area of the field ... issued As one of the NAVY TRAINING COURSES, this book represents the joint endeavor of the Training Courses Section of the Bureau of Naval Personnel and those sections of Chief of Naval Operations ... include the large volume of subject matter necessary for servicing and repair of radio equipment Where maintenance duties are required of a RADIOMAN, the Training Courses written for the Electronics...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 14:20

... and out of the process in various combinations * Butterworth, 4th order, with cut-offfrequency of 15 Hz ** Butterworth, 4th order, with cut-off frequency of Hz Page of 11 (page number not for citation ... Several methods were used for evaluation of the success of extraction of the volitional EMG The basic one was by visual inspection of the approximated signal which, despite not providing information ... Despite the many methods for the elimination of the ESinduced component, providing the volitional only EMG component, most of them not provide an evaluation of the accuracy of the extraction...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... for the electrical conductivity of water The concentrations of these ions are very small At −7 25°C, for pure water, there is a concentration of × 10 mole per liter of the hydronium ion and of ... portions of the sample Each of these portions is inoculated into a set of five replicate tubes For example, for the 10-mL portion, each of five fermentation tubes is inoculated with 10-mL portions of ... the formulas are the same The difference is only in the placement of the interpolants Example 2.5 Samples of river water are analyzed for total and fecal coliforms using the MPN technique Some of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 16:20

... end of crest to gage point B = axial length of converging section C = width of downstream end of flume D = width of upstream end of flume E = depth of flume F = length of throat G = length of diverging ... Beveled edge of crest of weir FIGURE 3.2 Schematic for derivation of weir formulas is, the contraction is suppressed This happens when the weir is extended fully across the width of the channel, ... Using the equation of continuity in the form of (π D /4)V1 = (π d /4)V2, where D is the diameter of the pipe and d is diameter of the throat, the above equation may be solved for V2 to produce...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 16:20

... characteristics of the pump are the diameter of impeller or length of stroke D, the rotational speed or stroking speed ω, some roughness ⑀ of the chamber, and some characteristic length ᐉ of the chamber ... elevation of the eye of the impeller or centerline of the pump system; the second is the source tank below the eye of the impeller or centerline of the pump system The flow in flow pipes for the ... the pump At 20°C, Pv (vapor pressure of water) = 2.34 kN/m = 0.239 m of water Assume standard atmosphere of atm = 10.34 m of water Therefore, theoretical limit of pump cavitation = − (10.34 − 0.239)...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 16:20

... because of formation of gases, makes solids rise resulting in inefficiency of the basin Thus, in practice, there is a practical range of values of 1.5 to 2.5 h based on the average flow for primary ... of combinations of the values of the elements of Vc[Xc] + Vu[Xc] can occur before the solids reach the critical section of the thickener This combination corresponds to the different speeds of ... treatment of sewage and the sedimentation basin used in the treatment of raw water for drinking purposes are two of the units in the physical treatment of water and wastewater that use the concept of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 16:20

... Projected area of paddle blade Sum of projected areas of paddle blades Length of paddle blade Coefficient of drag Width of paddle blade The diameter of the impeller Diameter of vessel Distance of impeller ... length of the paddle blades of the longest compartment to that of the length of the paddle blades of the middle compartment is 2.6:2, and the ratio of the length of the paddle blades of the middle ... to each other, the rate of inflow of air corrected to its value at the surface of the vessel is then (Pi/Pa)Qi Thus, the number of bubbles n formed from a rate of inflow of air Qi is Pi Pi h  ...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 16:20