slide co so du lieu bach khoa

... dụ: <person> <sex>female</sex> <firstname> Anna</firstname> <lastname> Smith</lastname> </person> Các khái niệm của XML <person sex = ... pháp cho XML (tt) 21/10/14 Cơ sở dữ liệu XML 8 Cú pháp cho XML <? xml version =“1.0” encoding =“ISO-8859-1”?> <note> <to> Tove </to> <from> Jani </from> ... Nội dung trình bày  XML là gì?  Sự khác biệt giữa XML và HTML  XML được sử dụng như thế nào?  Cú pháp cho XML  Các khái niệm cho XML: element, attribute, namespace, XML parser, XML Encoding,

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 22:50

... Nội dung • • • • • Giới thiệu Một số khái niệm Ràng buộc toàn vẹn Các đặc trưng quan hệ Chuyển đổi mơ hình E/R sang mơ hình quan hệ GIỚI THIỆU Giới thiệu • Do E F Codd đưa – “A Relation ... NGSINH LUONG DCHI DDIEM_DA HONV TENNV NHANVIEN DEAN THOIGIAN MADA TENDA PHAI (1,n) Phan_cong (1,n) PHANCONG(MANV, MADA, THOIGIAN) 34 Các qui tắc chuyển đổi (tt) • (2) Mối kết hợp – (2b) Một-Nhiều ... quan hệ GIỚI THIỆU Giới thiệu • Do E F Codd đưa – “A Relation Model for Large Shared Data Banks”, Communications of ACM, 6/1970 • DBMS ứng dụng mơ hình quan hệ – System R, phát triển IBM • Cung

Ngày tải lên: 07/12/2021, 17:30

... Cân kiểm toán lợng Khoa Kinh tế quản lý Nội dung Nhập môn Chơng I: Một số kháI niệm Chơng II: Quan hệ lợng tăng trởng kinh tế Chơng III: Thống kê lợng Chơng IV: Cân lợng KTNL2 Khoa Kinh tế quản ... môn Tại Nh Kết luận KTNL3 Khoa Kinh tế quản lý Chơng I: Một số khái niệm Khái niệm Phân loại Dòng biến đổi lợng Đo lờng lợng Đơn vị tờng minh Đơn vị không tờng minh KTNL4 Khoa Kinh tế quản lý Chơng ... lợng cuối cùng, lợng hữu ích), KTNL6 Khoa Kinh tế quản lý Chơng I: Một số kháI niệm Phân loại lợng theo thị trờng, theo khả tái sinh Theo truyền thống KTNL7 Khoa Kinh tế quản lý Chơng I: Một số

Ngày tải lên: 18/05/2014, 20:41

... "="+c) ; Console.WriteLine(" {0} + {1} = {2}", a, b, c); Console.ReadLine(); } Console.WriteLine Console.WriteLine("Standard Numeric Format Specifiers"); Console.WriteLine( ... of "); Console.Write(a); Console.Write(" and ") ; Console.Write(b); Console.Write(" equals "); Console.WriteLine(c); Console.WriteLine("The sum of " ... System.Console.ReadLine(); 09 } 10 } Console.WriteLine public static void Main() { int a = 1509; int b = 744; int c = a + b; Console.Write("The sum of "); Console.Write(a); Console.Write("

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2014, 16:33

... và lương: HOSO, QLLUONG, DMCV, DMDV  Xác định các thông tin cần đưa vào bảng + Mỗi thông tin là Filed (trường) thể hiện trên cột. Xác định khóa chính trên mỗi bảng + Vd : HOSO có các trường: ... thu – Hồ sơ – Quản lý nhân sự – Quản lý khách hàng – Quản lý kho, sản phẩm, hàng hóa.v v Nội dung chương trình Access  Chương 1: Giới thiệu Access và Database  Chương 2: Table (Bảng dữ liệu) ... thực đơn)  Chương 7: Macro ( Các tập lệnh vĩ mô) Khởi động Access:  C1: Start\Program\ Microsoft Access  C2: Start\Run, Gõ MsAccess, Enter. Thoát khỏi Access: C1 File\Exit (Alt+F4) C2

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 22:22

... Chapter 1 Introduction to Databases Transparencies © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 Chapter 1 - Objectives  Some common uses of database systems.  Characteristics ... manages its own data. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 File-Based Processing © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 Limitations of File-Based Approach  Separation and isolation of data – Each ... (DBMS) © Pearson Education... – a user-accessible catalog © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 Views Allows each user to have his or her own view of the database A view is essentially some subset

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:05

... statistics Education Limited 1995, 2005 © Pearson – – – – Components of a DBMS © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 25 Components (DM) of Database Manager... Architecture © Pearson Education ... existing databases; increased performance; possible reduction in hardware costs; reduction in communication costs; increased consistency © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005... expensive hardware ... on the computer. – Describes how the data is stored in the database. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 9 Differences between Three Levels of ANSI-SPARC Architecture © Pearson Education

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:07

... administrators that define or constrain some aspect of the enterprise © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 19 Views x Base Relation – Named relation corresponding to an entity in conceptual schema, ... Attribute Domains © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 7 Alternative Terminology for Relational Model © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 8 Mathematical Definition of Relation ◆ Consider two sets, ... find all combinations of elements with first from D 1 and second from D 2 . © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 9 Mathematical Definition of Relation ◆ Any subset of Cartesian product is

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:07

... basic operations. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 6 Relational Algebra Operations © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 7 Relational Algebra Operations © Pearson Education Limited 1995, ... clientNo, propertyNo, comment (Viewing))) Cartesian product and Selection can be reduced to a single operation called a Join © Pearson Education... is a derivative of Cartesian product Equivalent ... city(PropertyForRent) © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 17 Cartesian product RXS – Defines a relation that is the concatenation of every tuple of relation R with every tuple of relation S © Pearson Education

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:08

... Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 17 SELECT... Limited 1995, 2005 31 Example 5.7 Range Search Condition © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 32 Example 5.7 Range Search Condition x x Also ... include: – ISO’s Information Resource Directory System (IRDS) Standard – Remote Data Access (RDA) Standard © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 13 Writing SQL Commands x SQL statement consists ... names of various database objects such as relations, columns, views – © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 14 Writing SQL Commands x x Most components of an SQL statement are case insensitive,

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:08

... of column names is specified, it must have same number of items as number of columns produced by subselect If omitted, each column takes name of corresponding column in subselect © Pearson Education ... Enhancement Feature  Consider five types of integrity constraints: – required data – domain constraints – entity integrity – referential integrity – general constraints. © Pearson Education Limited ... © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 10 IEF - Referential Integrity  FK is column or set of columns that links each row in child table containing foreign FK to row of parent table containing

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:14

... 2005 6 Introduction to Microsoft Access © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 7 Summary of Microsoft Access Query Types © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 8 Introduction to Microsoft Access ... Select records according to some criteria. - Perform calculations on the data in tables. - Insert and delete records. - Modify values of fields. - Create new fields and tables. © Pearson Education ... has proved so popular that QBE (or similar) is now provided by most DBMSs.  When user constructs a QBE - in background, DBMS creates an equivalent SQL statement. © Pearson Education Limited

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:16

... late 1960s, led to ‘software crisis’, now refer to as the ‘software depression’. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 6 Software Depression ◆ Major reasons for failure of software projects ... spent on maintenance began to absorb resources at an alarming rate. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 5 Software Depression ◆ As a result, many major software projects were – late, – ... and tasks associated with data administration and database administration. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 4 Software Depression ◆ Last few decades have seen proliferation of software

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:16

... users of the system. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 7 Examples of data captured and documentation produced during the database application lifecycle © Pearson Education Limited 1995, ... Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 21 Using Fact-Finding Techniques – A Worked Example 22 © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 Using Fact-Finding Techniques – A Worked Example © Pearson ... Education Limited 1995, 2005 Using Fact-Finding Techniques – A Worked Example 25 © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 Using Fact-Finding Techniques – A Worked Example 26 © Pearson Education

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:18

... entity type. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 6 Examples of Entity Types © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 7 ER diagram of Staff and Branch entity types © Pearson Education Limited ... Branch user views of DreamHome © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 4 Concepts of the ER Model ◆ Entity types ◆ Relationship types ◆ Attributes © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 5 Entity ... modeling Transparencies © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 2 Chapter 11 - Objectives ◆ How to use Entity–Relationship (ER) modeling in database design. ◆ Basic concepts associated with ER model.

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:20

... concepts of ER modeling are not sufficient to represent requirements of newer, more complex applications.  Response is development of additional ‘semantic’ modeling concepts. © Pearson Education ... between entities by identifying their common characteristics. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 9 AllStaff relation holding details of all staff © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 10 Specialization/generalization ... Modeling Transparencies © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 2 Chapter 12 - Objectives  Limitations of basic concepts of the ER model and requirements to represent more complex applications using

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:20

... Self-determination A → A (5) Decomposition If A → B,C, then A → B and A → C © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 [...]... least one attribute in common © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 16 ... BCNF) © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 17 Review of Normalization (UNF to BCNF) © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 18 Review of Normalization (UNF to BCNF) © Pearson Education Limited ... Boyce–Codd Normal Form (BCNF).  How to represent attributes shown on a report as BCNF relations using normalization. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 4 Chapter 14 - Objectives  Concept

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:20

... methodology. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 [...]... Database Design Methodology x Step 1 Build conceptual data model (continue) – Step 1.6 Consider use of enhanced modeling concepts (optional ... document the details of each... redundant relationship called Rents © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 29 Example of a non-redundant relationship FatherOf © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 ... design. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 6 Database Design Methodology ◆ Three main phases – Conceptual database design – Logical database design – Physical database design © Pearson Education

Ngày tải lên: 21/10/2014, 23:20

... database design is concerned with the what, physical database design is concerned with the how. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 5 Physical Database Design Process of producing a description ... Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 8 Overview of Physical Database Design Methodology ◆ Step 5 Design user views ◆ Step 6 Design security mechanisms ◆ Step 7 Consider the introduction of controlled ... constraints on the domain; – an optional default value for the attribute; – whether it can hold nulls; – whether it is derived, and if so, how it should be computed © Pearson Education

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2014, 10:09

... system resources affect performance. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 3 Step 7 Consider the Introduction of Controlled Redundancy To determine whether introducing redundancy in a controlled ... performance. © Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 5 Step 7 Consider the Introduction of Controlled Redundancy  Also consider that denormalization: – makes implementation more complex; – often ... Pearson Education Limited 1995, 2005 8 Step 7 Consider the Introduction of Controlled Redundancy – Step 7.4 Duplicating attributes in *:* relationships to reduce joins – Step 7.5 Introducing

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2014, 10:10