siemens industrial communication networks sinec

... xix A Networks Pricing and Communications Networks 1.1 The Market for Communications Services 1.1.1 The Communications Revolution 1.1.2 Communications Services ... applications, but is particularly evident in such fields as the study of communication networks, computer networks, and neural networks The Wiley-Interscience Series in Systems and Optimization has ... Network World Wide Web Access Service Provider Part A Networks Pricing and Communications Networks This chapter describes current trends in the communications industry It looks at factors that influence...

Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2013, 17:00

... Satellite Communication Networks Ray E Sheriff and Y Fun Hu Copyright q 2001 John Wiley & Sons Ltd ISBNs: 0-471-72047-X (Hardback); 0-470-845562 (Electronic) Mobile Satellite Communication Networks ... categorised as being national networks that are based on analogue technology Such networks were introduced into service in the 1980s These networks were designed to provide voice communications to the ... Systems 2.4 Satellite-Personal Communication Networks (S-PCN) 2.4.1 General Characteristics 2.4.2 IRIDIUMe 2.4.3 GLOBALSTARe 2.4.4 NEW ICOe 2.4.5 CONSTELLATION COMMUNICATIONSe 2.4.6 ELLIPSOe...

Ngày tải lên: 12/12/2013, 11:16

... Pricing Communication Networks: Economics, Technology and Modelling Costas Courcoubetis and Richard Weber Copyright  2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd ISBN: 0-470-85130-9 Pricing and Communications Networks ... externality effects The above remarks apply both to modern networks for data communication services and to the traditional telecommunications networks for voice services, in which the former have ... some introductory modelling 1.1 The market for communications services 1.1.1 The Communications Revolution We are in the midst of a revolution in communications services Phenomenal advances in...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 23:15

... The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) uses the term information services for value-added services, and telecommunications services for lowerlevel transport services The Telecommunications ... a given transport service as ‘the network’ 2.1.1 Layering Service layering is common in communication networks A higher layer service consumes lower layer services and adds functionality that ... between point A and B The SONET or SDH services are examples of synchronous services in communications networks If each van can hold at most k packets then the unit of information transfer between...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 23:15

... understanding how communication networks work and how service provisioning relates to resource allocation In the rest of the chapter we mainly focus on the controls that are deployed by asynchronous networks ... Private Networks described in detail in Section 3.4.1 using the MPLS technology We now turn to detailed descriptions of the basic connection technologies 3.3.2 Optical Networks Optical networks ... modern optical networks, including condominium fibre and access networks Substantial information can also be found on-line For instance, Cisco (2002c) provides a full coverage of major communications...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 23:15

... Therefore, in what follows, we focus on services that are provided over asynchronous networks In asynchronous networks STATISTICAL MULTIPLEXING 85 the links are analogous to conveyor belts with ... for synchronous networks, in which connections are allocated fixed amounts of bandwidth during their lifetimes, equal to their peak rates h i , it may not make sense for asychronous networks, where ... can make the analogy to networks by thinking of services as boxes and the network as an elevator This is a valid analogy since services consume network resources, of which networks have finite amounts...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 23:15

... Pricing Communication Networks: Economics, Technology and Modelling Costas Courcoubetis and Richard Weber Copyright ... knowledge to show how one might derive some tariffs for communications services 5.1 Charging for services 5.1.1 Demand, Supply and Market Mechanisms Communication services are valuable economic commodities ... for a model in which customers share some finite network resources This is typical for a communication networks in which resources are fixed in the short run Prices can again be used both to regulate...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 23:15

... popular in the communications market The network operator posts a list of services and tariffs and customers are free to choose the servicetariff pair they like better Versioning of communication ... provided by networks i and j, and the third term is the present value of the difference in their operating costs Observe that if the quality difference equals the cost difference, then networks ... they purchase In contrast, a service provider can personalize the price of a digital good, or of a communications service, by taking account of any given customer’s previous history or special needs...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 23:15

... Pricing Communication Networks: Economics, Technology and Modelling Costas Courcoubetis and Richard Weber Copyright ... that contribute to the production of the end products Examples of activities related to communication networks are repair, operation, network management, consumer support, and so on The cost ... drawbacks They not provide incentives for alternative access networks of newer technologies to be built by other operators, since such networks will have to charge higher prices (based on current...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 23:15

... customers are shared equally between the two networks Assume also that the networks of the two providers are not fixed and hence the costs of the networks are not sunk Instead, each provider must ... case is when marginal variable cost c0 x/ is zero This is often a reasonable assumption for communication networks that operate with a fixed infrastructure Then the term in parentheses on the left ... structure of the constraints of technology sets An important distinction between service contracts for communications services and some other economic commodities is that the former not specify fully...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... we call this a sample path shadow price Such a marking scheme is simple to implement in packet networks A router can charge each packet that contributes to an overflow the monetary value of a...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... interconnected networks produce congestion marks, there should be mechanisms that allow the payments of the users to be shared fairly among these networks There are more difficult issues when intermediate networks ... logically separate networks, such that the only difference in the networks is the price charged per packet Each user chooses for himself the network he will use Levels of congestion in the networks depend ... assumption of a competitive market solves the first issue, since networks having users as clients will choose to interconnect with transit networks that are less congested so they can offer lower prices...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... Pricing Communication Networks: Economics, Technology and Modelling Costas Courcoubetis and Richard Weber Copyright ... according to the internal edge prices of downstream networks At the leaves of the tree no charge would be made to the receivers, and all intermediate networks would have collected a share of the payment ... TV and video broadcasting As a result, these services continue to be delivered over specialized networks of satellite or fibre, which offer guaranteed quality; they are then combined with broadband...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... example in Figure 12.1 Four large networks, 1–4, offer transit services to smaller networks, 5–8 For instance, network offers transit service to networks and To so, networks 1–4 peer at a peering ... interconnection pricing for telecommunications networks and many intricate issues have been identified Many of these issues remain equally relevant for communication networks which offer a broader ... interconnection agreements Networks 1, 2, 3, offer transit services to networks 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and peer at a peering point A peering agreement must be established between each pair of peering networks As a...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... access to bottleneck distribution networks However, a monopolist can sometimes prevent access to such networks For example, because the copper loop local access networks are typically controlled ... the deployment of condominium fibre networks in its jurisdiction by tendering its existing communications business only to those companies that will deploy such networks Governments can lead by ... the telecommunications sector, and specially the Telecommunications Act of 1996, is the web page of Economides (2002) A good starting point for study of condominium fibre customer-owned networks...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... of great practical importance, and have been applied to selling units of bandwidth in computer networks and satellite links, MWs of electric power, capacity of natural gas and oil pipelines In ... We conclude this chapter by summarizing its ideas in the context of auctioning a high bandwidth communication link, or pipeline The pipeline is to be sold for a period of time, such as a year ... bandwidth quantities (for example, retailers who are trying to fulfil their contracts with certain large industrial customers with fixed bandwidth demands) Such bidders not have utility functions with decreasing...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... approaches in three different communication networking domains: wired networks, mobile ad hoc networks, and packet router’s scheduling networks Last section concludes and gives some perspectives of ... and give an overview of our work in the use of reinforcement learning concepts focused on communication networks We focus our attention by developing a system based on this paradigm called KOCRA ... routing in high speed networks, we present in section the family of inductive approaches After, we present our works based on reinforcement learning approaches in three different communication networking...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... wireless networks 2.2.1 3G cellular networks and beyond 2.2.2 WiMAX networks 2.2.3 WiFi networks 2.2.4 Wireless personal area networks 2.2.5 Wireless ad hoc networks 2.2.6 Wireless sensor networks ... wireless and communication applications such as cellular and broadband networks, wireless local area networks, multi-hop networks, cooperative networks, cognitive-radio networks, and Internet networks ... and future wireless and communication networks As a result, in recent years game theory has emerged as a central tool for the design of future wireless and communication networks This is mainly...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 20:20

... xix A Networks Pricing and Communications Networks 1.1 The Market for Communications Services 1.1.1 The Communications Revolution 1.1.2 Communications Services ... applications, but is particularly evident in such fields as the study of communication networks, computer networks, and neural networks The Wiley-Interscience Series in Systems and Optimization has ... Pricing Communication Networks: Economics, Technology and Modelling Costas Courcoubetis and Richard Weber Copyright  2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd ISBN: 0-470-85130-9 Pricing Communication Networks...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:12

... is concerned with post-computer communication networks and two of its important streams: data communication and telecommunication Data communication refers to the communication between digital ... Journal Computer Communication Review Computer Networks Data Communications IBM Systems Journal IEEE Communications Magazine IEEE Computer IEEE Journal on selected Areas in Communication IEEE ... to historical reasons Telecommunication is increasingly relying on digital computer technology, and data communication is relying more than ever on telecommunication networks The two streams are...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20