schematic diagram of mitochondrial dysfunction after 4 weeks of troglitazone administration 116

... dehydrogenase (KGDH) 144 4. 1 .4 Summary 146 4. 2 Toxicoproteomics of Troglitazone- induced Mitoproteome Alterations 148 4. 2.1 Introduction 148 4. 2.2 Mitochondrial proteome ... charts of GO slim analysis 112 Figure 32 Non-intersecting GO terms of proteins in and weeks treatment 1 14 Figure 33 Schematic diagram of mitochondrial dysfunction after weeks of troglitazone ... 136 4. 1.3 The HET liver mitoproteome 137 4. 1.3.1 Redox proteins 140 v 4. 1.3.2 OXPHOS 141 4. 1.3.3 Urea cycle 143 4. 1.3 .4 β-Oxidation 144 4. 1.3.5...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 11:08

... (C) phosphorylated p42 /44 (upper panels) or pan p 442 /44 (lower panels) Representative blots are shown and data (n ¼ 2) were expressed normalized to either GAPDH or pan p42 /44 expression and are ... and expression control, the expression of total p42 /44 was also examined Likewise, U0126 completely prevented the phosphorylation of p42 /44 with EC50 values of 0.23 and 0.1 lM for TNFa and IL-1b ... downstream of MEK1 [ 24] Both TNFa and IL-1b upregulated phosphorylation of p42 /44 ERKs and preincubation with PD098059 abrogated this response Following densitometry, EC50 values of 0.26 and 0.58...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... Following the manufacturer’s protocol, a mixture of μL of TurboFect™ (Fermentas) and μg of plasmid DNA, pEGFP-N1 plasmid, or pGL4. 74[ hRluc/TK] vector in 100 μL of DMEM serum-free medium was incubated ... nitrite was detected (43 . 24 ( 0.37 μM) at 24 h after LPS treatment in RAW2 64. 7 macrophages (Figure 2A) The peak level of nitrite concentration (86.72 (0.25 μM) was reached after 36 h and remained ... LPS is a potent activator of MAPK pathways [44 ] MAPKs not only play an important role in the LPS-mediated expression of iNOS and COX-2 in mouse macrophages [38 -40 ,44 ], but also regulate cytokine...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... Biol 14, 49 02– 49 11 58 Vlahos, C.J., Matter, W.F., Hui, K.Y & Brown, R.F (19 94) A specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, 2- (4- morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran -4- one (LY2 940 02) ... of GLUT4, the major insulin-responsive glucose transporter Endocr Rev 16, 529– 546 Holman, G.D & Cushman, S.W (19 94) Subcellular localization and trafficking of the GLUT4 glucose transporter isoform ... phosphorylation, phosphorylation of PKC-k on T403 or phosphorylation of PKB on either Ser473 or Thr308 These observations suggest that the target of arsenite action resides downstream of PI-3¢ kinase or in...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 00:20

... in cultured mouse astrocytes was mediated via both p42 /44 MAPK and p38 MAPK [32] Accordingly, we studied the impact of inhibitors of p42 /44 MAPK, p38 MAPK and PI3 Kinase on Hcy-induced MIP-2 ... Hisayama study American Journal of Kidney Diseases 20 04, 44 :43 7 -44 5 Francis ME, Eggers PW, Hostetter TH, Briggs JP: Association between serum homocysteine and markers of impaired kidney function ... presence of Hcy (50 μM) with or without inhibitors U0126 (p42 /44 MAPK inhibitor; 10 μM), SB203580 (p38MAPK inhibitor; 10 μM) and LY2 940 02 (PI3 Kinase inhibitor; 10 μM) Cells were washed with PBS (4 C)...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22

... exposure to diesel engine exhaust on Page of 10 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 proinflammatory markers in different regions of the rat brain Part Fibre Toxicol 2010, ... and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) pathology [43 ] In fact, deposition of Ab42 is linked to cognitive changes and may even be a marker for AD [43 ,44 ] Importantly, previous studies have shown that ... Effect of prenatal exposure to diesel exhaust on dopaminergic system in mice Neurosci Lett 2009, 44 9:38 -41 Gerlofs-Nijland ME, van Berlo D, Cassee FR, Schins RP, Wang K, Campbell A: Effect of prolonged...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... IL -4 to INF-γ increased significantly after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of ozone exposure compared to the ratio of the filtered-air group (filtered-air group vs ozone-exposed for vs vs 12 weeks: 0 .43 ... The number of goblet cells was significantly greater in the airway epithelium of mice after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of chronic exposure to ozone than after exposure to filtered air (Fig 4) In addition ... decreased significantly after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of ozone exposure compared to that of the filteredair group The IL -4 level in BAL fluids was not different between any of the ozone-exposed groups...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... 1.00 2.12 Ref 0 .46 –1.25 0 .49 –2.00 0 .47 –2.13 0. 84 2.12 Westerdahl et al (19 94) Sweden, 1988-90 40 0/ 640 Never used 282 1–3 sessions/year 44 4 10 sessions/year 30 >10 sessions/year 41 47 9 67 55 33 ... time/month Bataille et al (2005) Westerdahl et al (19 94) Location Reference 622 41 6 79616 539 913 512 40 6 45 2 640 44 7 608 41 6 926 511 No of controls Sweden, population-based; France & Belgium, ... 0.53–1.01), and no trend was observed with number of sessions Regarding exposure to sunlamps, 45 % of cases and 42 % of controls had used sunlamps, with 40 % of both cases and controls having used sunlamps...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 21:20

... (2008) 145 0– 146 3 ª 2008 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2008 FEBS M Aran et al 41 42 43 44 45 46 reductase involved in the photooxidative stress response Plant J 49 , 505–5 14 Budde H, Flohe L, Hofmann ... mechanism of plant 2-Cys peroxiredoxin Role of the C terminus and the quaternary structure J Biol Chem 278, 244 09– 244 20 Lehrer SS (1971) Solute perturbation of protein fluorescence The quenching of the ... human sulfiredoxin Biochemistry 44 , 86 34 8 642 21 Jeong W, Park SJ, Chang TS, Lee DY & Rhee SG (2006) Molecular mechanism of the reduction of cysteine sulfinic acid of peroxiredoxin to cysteine by...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... Reserve Board, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight ... specific conclusions at the end of chapters in Parts III, IV, and V of this report The subject of this report is of no small consequence to this nation The profound events of  and  were neither ... and  in  after the annual management fee and the  slice of the profit for Cioffi and his Bear Stearns team—and grew to almost  billion by the end of  In the fall of , he created...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22

... 0.58 0 .41 0 .48 0.15 0. 24 0 .45 Third trimester 0.17 0. 24 0.63 0 .43 0.25 0.36 0.17 0 .48 Total pregnancy 0 .49 0 .47 0.53 0. 64 0.32 0.26 0.77 0.76 0.73 Month 0-6 postnatally 0 .48 0.21 0.22 0 .42 0.66 ... 622 30.1 (3.0) 40 .2 (3.5) ** Moroccan 48 9 30.2 (3.0) 40 .1 (3.5) * Surinamese 619 30.6 (3.2) * 40 .2 (4. 0) ** Other 1151 30 .4 (3.3) * 40 .3 (4. 1) ** Missing 741 29.8 (3.0) 40 .1 (4. 0) ** No education/primary ... 38.8 (4. 5) Spring 1850 29.7 (2.6) 38.9 (4. 1) Summer 1810 30.5 (2 .4) ** 41 .1 (3.8) ** Fall 2 046 30.5 (3 .4) ** 40 .3 (3.9) ** 2001 (Reference) 345 34. 6 (1.3) 39.6 (3 .4) 2002 2161 33.1 (1.6) ** 41 .8...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... 1.5, 1.5–1.9, 2.0– 2.3, ‡ 2 .4) ; PM10 (

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... presence of ADP or in the absence of nucleotides (Fig 4A,B, lanes and 4) In the presence of ATP, the new major band with DDR did not appear, whereas a part of the new band with GDR remained (Fig 4C, ... details of its mechanism of action have not yet been reported [43 ] Recently, MeaB, a bacterial homolog of MMAA or CblA [44 ], has been suggested to function in the GTP-dependent assembly of holomethylmalonyl-CoA ... Acta 48 4, 236– 243 Wagner OW, Lee HA Jr, Frey PA & Abeles RH (1966) Studies on the mechanism of action of cobamide coenzymes Chemical properties of the enzyme-coenzyme complex J Biol Chem 241 ,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... H1 .4 is methylated at six lysine residues of the C-terminal domain In order to define all SET7/9-dependent methylation sites in the CTD of the H1 .4, the Cterminal fragments (1 14 to 144 , 145 to ... inhibited by addition of PJ- 34 H1 was added to the reaction either before or after the PARylation Methylation was started after addition of PJ- 34 by adding SET7/9 and 14C-SAM (C) As for (B), ... combination of all four mutations (K159R, K171R, K177R and K192R) did not completely prevent the methylation of full-length H1 .4 (Figure 4A) The additional mutation of K121 and K129 of the fragment 114...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... blotting analysis of b-ATPase, Tom40 and Tim 44 abundance performed on mitochondrial puried fractions of 143 B and rho0 143 B cells FEBS Journal 272 (2005) 50315055 ê 2005 FEBS Mitochondrial biogenesis ... the b-subunit of the Fo-F1-ATPase (b-ATPase), the adenine nucleotide translocator isoform (ANT2), COXVb or Tom40 and Tim 44 The relative mRNA abundance of b-ATPase, COXVb and Tim 44, determined ... abundance of b-ATPase and Tom40 is similar in both cell lines while Tim 44, an important effector of mitochondrial protein import that interacts with mtHsp70 (mitochondrial heat-shock protein 70) [41 ],...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:21

... of ANX-1 [12] However, it is not clear which isoform of PKC mediates the cleavage of ANX-1 PKCd is a member of the novel PKC subfamily and is known to play a critical role in the regulation of ... nuclear translocation of ANX-1, Western blot analysis was conducted in the absence or presence of inhibitors of ERK (PD98059), p38 (SB202190), or PI-3 kinase (LY2 940 02) Figure 4A shows that the PMA-induced ... representatives of the cells observed in three independent experiments PMA induces the nuclear translocation of the cleaved form of ANX-1 As PMA induced the cleavage of ANX-1 and accumulation of ANX-1...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:20

... a function of size and shape Journal of Chemical Physics 20 04, 121 :42 76 13 Vitos L, Ruban AV, Skriver HL, Kollar J: The surface energy of metals Surface Science 1998, 41 1:186-202 14 Abudukelimu ... Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2010, 1 14: 15 34- 1538 37 Narayanan R, El-Sayed MA: Shape-dependent catalytic activity of platinum nanoparticles in colloidal solution Nano Letters 20 04, 4: 1 343 38 ... temperature of the element i Hm is the size-dependent melting enthalpy of the element i The phase diagram of the Pt-Pd alloy is plotted in Figure We note that the lens shape of the phase diagram...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 03:20

... renal epithelial cells is regulated by Page 12 of 13 (page number not for citation purposes) Journal of Inflammation 2008, 5:7 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/5/1/7 ... activation of NF-κB as well as in the production of NO and PGE2 In inflammatory diseases, PGs and NO contribute to the pathophysiology of local and chronic inflammation [44 -47 ] The promoter region of ... or p65 components of NF-κB (data not shown) One of the consequences of inhibition of NF-κB is the inhibition of the nuclear translocation of p50 and p65 through the blockage of IκB release To...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22

... 0. 34 3.15 ± 0.60 8. 24 ± 0.13 8.00 ± 0.13 Day (Ctrl) 4. 32 ± 0.71 7.81 ± 0.10 4. 31 ± 0.73 8.05 ± 0.09 4. 13 ± 0 .42 7. 74 ± 0.07 4. 03 ± 0 .46 8.17 ± 0.13 10 4. 67 ± 0.37 7.86 ± 0.10 4. 47 ± 0.38 8.18 ± ... 0 .40 7.52 ± 0. 14 3 .49 ± 0.68 8.00 ± 0.13 Day (Ctrl) 10 10 10 3 .40 ± 0.33 7.50 ± 0.07 10 3.52 ± 0.53 7.89 ± 0.07 Day (Ctrl) 10 4 3. 74 ± 0.87 4. 22 ± 0.85 7 .40 ± 0.20 7.52 ± 0.11 4 3.33 ± 0. 34 3.15 ... consisting of 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7 .4) for h at 4 C After fixation, the specimens were dehydrated in 20% sucrose in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7 .4) for 24 h at 4 C, then...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:20

... HTLV-III replication Nature 1986, 321 :41 2 -41 7 http://www.retrovirology.com/content/3/1/6 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 von Gegerfelt AS, Felber BK: Replacement of posttranscriptional regulation ... 102 10 p27gag 17 1 64 459 total p27gag in pg/GFP value 10 14 17 21 24 days postinfection Figure RTEm26-CTE replaces rev/RRE of SIV RTEm26-CTE replaces rev/RRE of SIV A) Structure of the rev- and ... macaques [23] Cotransfection of 0.8 µg of the GFP expression vector pFRED25 [43 ] served as internal control Cotransfection of the secreted version of alkaline phosphatase SEAP [45 ] as internal control...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21