scanning electron microscopy of bone

... euD elbissop eb dluoc sllec lanitsetni fo noitcurtsed eht rof snoiterces gnisaeler ni dia ot ailgnag yrosnes dna noitartenep lacinahcem rof senips deifidom ylhgih ,sseldrageR snoiterces ot noitcaer ... noitartlifni lacof cilihponisoe dna raelcunonom ,amede ,enitsetni fo asocumbus eht ta noitcaer yrotammalfni nA )E&D2 giF( sllec lailehtipe lasocum gninil eht neewteb rennam lacof ni detceted erew ... lacof a ni noitatsefni fo esahp laitini etuca eht ni 004 ×;E ,002× ;D ,04× ;C niats E&H ;D~B ,niats enimrac mula dica citeca ;A sllec cilihponisoe dna raelcunonom fo noitagergga rennam lacoF...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 18:21

... conditions and in the absence of crystal contacts In this study, we have carried out single-particle image reconstruction of the ECD dimer with and without bound ANP using electron microscopy (EM) This ... where the ECD was incubated with a 1.1-fold molar excess of ANP for h before grid preparation Visual inspection of electron micrographs of negatively stained ANP–ECD showed no apparent differences ... that of the wild-type [12] The fluorescence emission spectrum of the W74R mutant was similar to that of the wild-type, with a peak at around 350 nm, but with a slightly reduced intensity because of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... Apertureless or scattering near field scanning optical microscopy (ANSOM or s-NSOM) has been demonstrated to achieve optical resolution of the order of 10 nm [1,2] This ability of high resolution optical ... tip-sample interaction, which is of the order of tens of nanometers [9] Several methods have been proposed to suppress the background, for instance, regulation of tip sample distance [10], high ... angles of 26° and 45°, respectively (oriented between the normal direction of nanoslit and the incident plane) The optical images show consistent results of different patterns on the two sides of...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:54

... Apertureless or scattering near field scanning optical microscopy (ANSOM or s-NSOM) has been demonstrated to achieve optical resolution of the order of 10 nm [1,2] This ability of high resolution optical ... tip-sample interaction, which is of the order of tens of nanometers [9] Several methods have been proposed to suppress the background, for instance, regulation of tip sample distance [10], high ... angles of 26° and 45°, respectively (oriented between the normal direction of nanoslit and the incident plane) The optical images show consistent results of different patterns on the two sides of...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:58

... concepts of the scanning microscopy and discuss the desire for good spatial resolution 1.1.1 Mesoscopic magnetic sensors Scanning magnetic microscopy permits studies of a wide range of magnetic ... detection of a magnetic dipole Sketch of scanning microscopy Cartoon of a vortex in a layered superconductor Images of vortices in near-optimally doped YBCO ... cuprates and YBa2 Cu3 O6+x SQUID microscopy of vortices in YBa2 Cu3 O6+x and fits Scanning Hall probe images of hc/2e vortices Hall probe images of a vortex while cooling The...

Ngày tải lên: 28/05/2014, 14:46

... than those of BLG, but at the DC bias of +3 V, the ΔC values of SLG are larger than those of BLG Figure 2e, f Page of 0 Figure AFM image of graphene (a) Tapping-mode height image of the graphene ... afterwards instead of the dC/dV amplitude The line profiles of ΔC obtained on SLG and BLG are shown in Figure 2c, d, respectively It can be seen that at the DC bias of V, the ΔC values of SLG are slightly ... Figure The dC/dV amplitude images of graphene on SiO2 The dC/dV amplitude images of graphene on SiO2 obtained at DC biases of V (a) and +3 V (b) The line profiles of the marked lines (from right...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 09:26

... FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2011 Preface This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy ... in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS) under the supervision of Associate Professor Zeng Kaiyang To the best of my knowledge, all of the results presented ... is ZnO, one of the potential future materials for advanced electronic applications Scanning probe microscopy techniques, Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM) and Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 08:41

... development of Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM), one of the functional modes of Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) technique, the studies of the piezoelectric and ferroelectric behaviors of biomaterials ... properties of clamshell, Journal of Structural Biology, 180 (2012), 73-83 T Li and K Zeng, Piezoelectric properties and surface potential of Green Abalone shell studied by Scanning Probe Microscopy ... OF CONTENTS DECLARATION i LIST OF PUBLICATIONS ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv TABLE OF CONTENTS v SUMMARY ix LIST OF TABLES xi LIST OF...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:23

... on top of carbon atoms of the second layer, whereas the carbon atoms in black are located above the center of the six-fold carbon rings of the second layer [4] Fig 1.1 Crystal structure of HOPG ... arrangement of carbon atoms being strongly covalently bonded to one another The neighboring layers are shifted and result in ABAB stacking sequence 1.1.2 Electronic Structure of Graphite STM studies of ... aromatic moieties caused by intermolecular overlapping of p-orbitals in -conjugated systems The strength of the interaction rises as the number of -electrons increases It is usually slightly stronger...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:37

... automatic cutoff circuit is used to cut off the potential to avoid over-etching The cutoff time of the etching has a significant effect on the radius of curvature of the tip: the faster the cutoff time, ... The direction of the electron flow depends on the sign of the applied bias on the sample For a positive bias, electrons flow from occupied states of the tip to unoccupied states of the sample ... Principle of the Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a powerful technique for viewing surfaces at the atomic level It probes the density of states of a material...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:37

... detection of sound, generation of high voltages, electronic frequency generation, microbalance, and ultra fine focusing of optical assemblies It is also the basis of operation of the scanning ... STM images of HOPG were captured again after scanning for a certain period of time when whole work station became stable Fig 3.6 Calibration parameters of scanner A The new value of spacing between ... to be cleaved prior to the scanning Cleaving was accomplished by the adhering of a tape to the surface and then having it peeled off, which produced a fresh surface of atoms having a regular lattice...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:37

... PHYSISORPTION OF BINARY FATTY ACIDS ON HOPG formed by binary mixture of CH3(CH2)19COOH and CH3(CH2)22COOH with weight ratio of 2:1 is shown in Fig 4.6 Fig 4.6 STM image of a monolayer formed of heneicosanoic ... molecular structures of the SAMs The high resolution STM images of the monolayers at different locations of the same piece of sample are shown in Fig 4.7 60 PHYSISORPTION OF BINARY FATTY ACIDS ... orientation of the first few with the growth of SAMs Therefore the driving force of the SAMs formation is not hundred percent of adsorbate/substrate interaction or crystallization of adsorbate,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:37

... resolution at the boundary of the two sections was not as good as the centers of section A and B, possibly due to better mobility of the molecules at the boundary 76 FORMATION OF SAMs CONRTOLLED BY ... as the brightest part, some of which had a central depression inside The dodecyl groups appeared in pale yellow colour and not very clear, because of lower density of electrons comparing to the ... the DDPER centers had an average relative height of 0.2 nm (Fig 5.3) Fig 5.3 The height profile of the DDPER Self-Assembled Monolayers 78 FORMATION OF SAMs CONRTOLLED BY STERIC EFFECTS In conclusion,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:37

... STM image of two types of SAMs arrangement and their boundary Bottom: The surface plot of the STM image (current profile) The height of each pinnacle is proportional to the magnitude of current ... in chirality [9, 12, 17, 21-25] The development of the scanning probe techniques especially scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) made it possible to locally probe ... Symmetry Transformation of SAMs The shape of the unit cell of the HHB varied as shown in Fig 6.6 while the orientation of the HHB did not change with it The plane group of the unit cell 103 ADSORPTION-INDUCED...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:37

... Proposed process of formation of the 2D crystals The theory of growth of perfect crystals has been well developed For the growth of a three dimensional crystal, it mainly occurs at steps of monomolecular ... further in this chapter As a unique tool in the study of the physisorbed organic monolayers, the use of scanning tunneling microscopy and the scanning results had been discussed in detail in reviews ... equilibrium constant of reaction (7-3) 7.4.2 The surface structure of HOPG and [N] [N] is the density of the kinks on the step of the graphite crystal surface which is the nature of the graphite crystal...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:37

... SEM Scanning electron microscopy STM Scanning tunneling microscopy TEM Transmission electron microscopy UHV Ultra-high vacuum VSM Vibrating sample magnetometer VT-STM Variable temperature scanning ... significant number of surface sensitive techniques [5], such as scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), low energy electron diffraction ... [73-76], and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [44] The crystal structure of Bi is very similar to Sb, but there are only a few reports on experimental studies of the surface morphology of Bi on...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 12:09

... highest attainable resolution of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was only nm The resolution of current state -of- art TEM has improved to 0.19 nm (the size of an average atom) when carbon ... contrast, and Lorentz microscopy and off-axis electron holography [15] Figure 1.8 shows the electron phase obtained from 4-nm diameter single crystalline Co nanowires using off-axis electron holography ... transmission electron microscope (TEM) 2.1.1 Principles of transmission electron microscopy The TEM is a very powerful and versatile instrument that is capable of determining the structure of materials...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:30

... image of this white film Large quantities of nanowires, with diameters of 80-100 nm and lengths of 10-100 µm could be produced by simple thermal evaporation of 96 Chapter Mechanistic Study of Zinc ... HRTEM image of walls of these capsules 67 Chapter Growth of boron nitride nanostructural materials When the size of the FeB particles are large than 200 nm due to aggregation, the mobility of the ... heated in the presence of a partial pressure of 3-4×10-6 torr of NH3 background Around ~1000 ˚C in high vacuum, a rapid and significant degree of sintering and agglomeration of the FeB nanoparticles...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:30

... family of planes The {111} family of planes consist of four planes: (111), ( 11 ), (1 1 ) and (11 ) and their opposites The switch of directions between these planes results in the bending of the ... Chapter Growth of silicon carbide nanocones 5.4 Growth and phase determination of SiC-SiO2 nanocones Figure 5.1 High Resolution SEM image of dense, uniform SiC nanocones At the end of the deposition, ... SiC [25] (a) Figure 5.3 (a) TEM image of the tip of the cone The size of the tip is around 20 nm, one straight rod with diameter 10 nm is at the center of the cone; (b) High resolution TEM image...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 08:30