sar image classification by support vector machine

... this, the correct classification rate (CCR) is defined as No: correct predictions À No: Â classifications No: predictions p þ s À No: multiple classifications ¼ pþqþrþs CCR ¼ ß 2007 by Taylor & Francis ... classifier Therefore, it is necessary to account for the misclassifications that can occur and this can be accomplished by adding a third dimension to the ROC curve When the misclassifications are taken ... threshold set by ROC curve Infrasound signal Pre-processor Infrasound class neural network Optimum threshold set by ROC curve Pre-processor Infrasound class neural network Optimum threshold set by ROC...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... triangle formed by the voltage vectors , is in region as shown, the following If the command vector two equations should be satisfied for space -vector PWM: (1) (2) are the respective vector time ... Space voltage vectors of a three-level inverter (a) Space -vector diagram showing different sectors and regions (b) Space -vector diagram showing switching states (c) Sector A space vectors indicating ... K Bose, and L E B da Silva, “A stator flux oriented vector- controlled induction motor drive with space vector PWM and flux vector synthesis by neural networks,” IEEE Trans Ind Applicat., vol 37,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 08:16

... reduced by almost 50% by round-tonearest scheme [18] From (9), the terms W f and X f are weights data and input data, respectively, including the reduced-precision error They are described by W ... weights and input data are denoted byW f X f = (W + εW )(X + εX ) Equations (16) and (18) are obtained by applying the first-order Taylor’s series approximation as given by [7, 8] f (x + h) − f (x) = ... frequency by 42.7% compared to the performance of the commercial IP, LEON The FP addition based on the 2-path algorithm [18, 22] increases the area by 111%, but improves the maximum clock frequency by...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... layer nodes compute the network output for the particular input vector The forward pass produces an output vector for a given input vector based on the current state of the network weights Since ... Permutation function maps the string M of value V onto a string located at Vth position of the P vector Note that vector P includes 2N unrepeated elements reveals that the Permutation is a bijective function, ... Doping function: This function includes an N'-element vector, D, whose elements are in [0, (N+ N'- 1)] interval N' is a selective number The vector D should contain no repeated elements as well...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 16:20

... test time, partly because of the parse tree component, and partly because of the use of Support Vector Machines (Boser et al., 1992), which have linear complexity in testing time with respect ... feature types overall.) Their system also uses a parser, as before, and then a polynomial Support Vector Machine (SVM) (Boser et al., 1992) is used in two further stages: to classify each node ... text This could be encoded in many ways: most obviously by using a chunker, but also by designing a different network architecture, e.g by encoding contiguity constraints To show the latter is...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... with by applying the filter at every pixel position in an image pyramid, in which the images are scaled by factors of 1.2   A B Figure 2: Images with all the above threshold detections indicated by ... translated, and scaled by small amounts Practically any image can serve as a non-face example because the space of non-face images is much larger than the space of face images However, collecting ... collecting the images before training is started, the images are collected during training, in the following manner, adapted from [Sung and Poggio, 1994]: Create an initial set of non-face images by generating...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 09:58

... tested on images that were After painstakingly trying to arrange these images compactly by hand, we decided to use a more systematic approach These images were laid out automatically by the PBIL ... collecting the images before training is started, the images are collected during training in the following “bootstrap” manner, adapted from [Sung, 1996]: Create an initial set of non-face images by generating ... template-based; they encode facial images directly in terms of pixel intensities These images can be characterized by probabilistic models of the set of face images [Colmenarez and Huang, 1997,...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 09:58

... governed by the size of the subwindows of the training characters Training character matrices had 30 rows by 40 columns, and the subwindow had the size 10 rows by 10 columns So each image had ... to process the images The resizing process partially employed an existing program written by R Crane [16] using the C programming language, which was modified by us, and all the images were resized ... a 17.9% increase in classification rate, whereas letter a decreased by 11.9% No changes to the classification rate of letter x In total letters of the AA obtained higher classification rates...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 10:10

... result in a successful system Further, it is necessary to have multiple, meaningful features in the input vector to guarantee useful learning by the NN [6] The initial decisions as to which features ... its structural complexity must be regulated by a progressive approach that is verified by various error rates [15] suggests automating this process by constructing a penalty term in the cost function ... Interpolation of the sampled coordinates produces the offline, or static, image of the word (Right) system (e.g., [3], [8]) It is necessary to include all captured signatures in the database • Inclusion...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 10:11

... invariants change as images scale or rotate, because images are not continuous function or polluted by noise; (2) The fluctuation decreases when the spatial resolution of images threshold; (3) ... relationship between the resolution of images and computation is necessary This paper has presented an analysis of fluctuation of Hu’s moment invariants on image scaling and rotation Our findings ... result in a successful system Further, it is necessary to have multiple, meaningful features in the input vector to guarantee useful learning by the NN The initial decisions as to which features...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 10:11

... symmetric inertia matrix, h q, q is the vector of Coriolis and centrifugal     forces, K is the stiffness matrix, Q is the input weighting matrix, u is the n -vector of joint (actuator) torques ... operational space is given by:  l   l  p = T1   + T1E1T2    y1 (l1 )  y2 (l2 ) (5) where l and l are the lengths of shoulder and elbow links respectively The p vector denotes the x and ... space, with and without the incremental change calculated by the neural network Similarly, figure depicts the auxiliary variable exy, given by (14), and figure shows the tip of the manipulator in...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 10:16

... is necessary [37] By definition R´ nyi entropy normalized by the signal e energy is given by ENREα = ⎭⎭ log 1−α (17) The R´ nyi entropy normalized by the distribution volume is e given by ENREα ... reason data vectors are divided into clusters such that similar vectors belong to the same cluster The resulting data partitioning is expected to improve data understanding by the ANN by avoiding ... trained by an entire image containing different distribution characteristics for data corresponding to different structures in the image It may attempt to represent different structures by finding...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... files were provided by D Ellis, and recorded by E Scheirer and M Slaney [16] This database [17] has already been used in a number of different works [16, 18–20] Speech was recorded by digitally sampling ... feature vector and thus, and its dimension will depend on the number of features used in each experiment On the other hand, the number of the neurons in the output layer (C) is determined by the ... These N hidden neurons enable the network to learn complex tasks by extracting progressively more meaningful features from the input vectors But, what is the optimum numbers of hidden neurons N?...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... † ii The vector v1 , , vΥ is the sum of the vectors u and w, where u is an eigenvector of κ IΥ − αAΥ corresponding to the eigenvalue −1 and w is either the zero vector or an eigenvector of ... † u 4.17 w, where u is either the zero vector or an eigenvector of κ IΥ − αAΥ corresponding to the eigenvalue −1 and w is either a zero vector or an eigenvector of κ IΥ − αAΥ corresponding to ... implies a b / By Lemma 3.1 iii , we have that u is 2-periodic By 5.1 , it is clear that v is spatial 2-periodic Suppose Υ ≥ Since j, Υ 1, by Lemma 3.1 ii , we have u is Υ-periodic By 5.1 again,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... (1), , r f (N − 1)] are concatenated into one vector x = [s f , r f ] The resulting vector x is twice the length of any of the two filtered signals Vector x is applied to the NN as the training ... applied to the input of the NN The length of this vector is N By using the difference input form structure, the input layer of the NN is reduced by a factor of two when compared to the parallel ... the received signal The difference and the single input forms use input vectors with lengths equal to half of the input vector length for the parallel input form, hence resulting in a large reduction...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... acceleration vector is corif the desired trajectories to be tracked are in relative to , as the form of (38), the NN only requires vectors as its output vector Simulations are its input vectors, ... definitions Definition [21]: Consider the nonlinear system, where is a state vector, is the input vector and is the output vector The solution is , uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) if for all and ... defined by Property 1: with , being known constants defined by using the Christoffel symProperty 2: bols, satisfies that is skew symmetric; • and • , with components Property 3: There exists a vector...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 18:20

... doanh nghiệp trước phát hành tựa game • Phạm vi tìm hiểu: Artificial Neural Network- based Decision Support System, Evolutionary Algorithms, thị trường game online VN • Ý nghĩa thực tiễn • • • Hỗ ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_algorithm • ANN, EA : Aforge.Net documents • Dr Saceed Shiry, Intelligent Decision-Making Support Systems Thank you! ...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2015, 22:46

... classification capabilities of neural networks Classification of traffic information collected from freeways is one of the examples of two class pattern classification The objective in this classification ... while wavelet-neural cascade technique for normal level prices Bayesian expert model with support vector machines (SVM) for spike forecasting has also been adopted One of the most researched strand ... represented by a set of inputoutput examples The network parameters are adjusted under the combined influence of the training vector and error signal This adjustment is carried out in a step -by- step...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 18:49

... Data for off-line training can be obtained either by simulation or by experiment If the motor parameters are available, then (2.23) can be used by randomly generating the inputs pattern of { ω ... The assistance given by the technical staff of the Control Division is gratefully acknowledged I also like to thank my wife Maheeka, my parents and my sister for their love, support and encouragement ... prototyped in real-time by using the xPC target ® in MATLAB® The software programming is carried in the host-target computer setup The hardware interfacing work is carried out by establishing communication...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 14:16

... transposition, T −1 H Hermitian and inversion respectively All vectors are defined as column vectors with row vectors represented by transposition 2.2.1 Synchronous System For reasons of simplicity, ... the problem of a nearby user overpowering the base station receiver and swamping out the distant weak users Power control is provided by the base station in its coverage area by constantly monitoring ... convenient to introduce a matrix -vector system model to describe the output of the matched filter detector Throughout this thesis, vectors and matrices are denoted by bold face letters The symbols...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2015, 22:57