... and Collections? 112Objects 112Collections 113Using System Objects 114Accessing Objects 118Finding the Object’s Class 118Creating Objects 119Acting on Objects and Collections 120Creating ... public—meaning they were notdefined by the routine (within the scope of the routine). By being defined earlier in the module, they can be accessed in any routine that might need them. The scope ofyour ... 197Building the Initial Design 198Choosing the Tasks 198Setting the Limits 204Creating the Database 205Building the Tables 205Defining the Indexes 208Building the Application Prototype 209Using...
... Program-Development Cycle 9Creating the Source Code 9Understanding the Execution of a C# Program 11Compiling C# Source Code to Intermediate Language 13Completing the Development Cycle 14Creating Your ... to the directory containing the program, and then run the program from the command line.Note viii SamsTeachYourselfthe C# Languagein21 Days Using Iteration Statements 128Executing Code ... application. You might also see these applications referred to as WinForm xviii SamsTeachYourselfthe C# Languagein21 Days catch 724char 724checked 724class 724const 725continue 725decimal...
... produced. In those cases,you can have the compiler avoid checking the code. This is done with the unchecked key-word, as illustrated in Listing 2.8.LISTING 2.8 Unchecked.cs—Marking Code as Unchecked1: ... charactersbecause the slash “escapes” from the regular text and indicates that the fol-lowing character is special (or extended). NoteLISTING 2.7 chars_table.cs The Special Characters1: // chars_table.cs2: ... value of ctr (first 63) and places it into the character variable ch.Because ctr is an integer, you have to tell the computer to convert the integer to a char-acter, which the (char) statement...
... plus storing routines commonlyused with a circle. These routines could include getting the circle’s area, getting its cir-cumference, changing its center point, changing its radius, and much more. ... length of the line.Continuing with the listing, you see in Line 21 that a new object is created using the Lineclass. This new Line object is given the name myLine. Line 21 follows the same ... class. If Point will be used only within the context of a line, it can be defined within the Line class. This enables Point objects to beused inthe Line class. The code for the nested Point...
... point(1,0);375: mySquare.width.end = new point(10,0);LISTING WR1.1 continuedCH 4 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 6 C H 5 C H 4 C H 7 C H 5CH 6 C H 5 C H 6CH 6CH 5 C H 2CH 7 C H 5 C H 5 C H 5CH ... LISTING WR1.1 continuedCH 5 C H 5CH 5 C H 5 C H 5 C H 4 C H 5 C H 5CH 5 C H 5CH 6CH 2CH 2 C H 2 C H 3 C H 3CH 3 C H 6 Listing 7.3 adds the same length method you have seen in listings ... 1627ãline class in Lines 3499ãsquare class in Lines 106174ãcircle class in Lines 182237ãWR01App class in Lines 239390 The line, square, and circle classes are all similar. The point structure...
... 9.2, the catch statement prints amessage and the program flow then continues. Line 25, which contains a call to the WriteLine method, is still executed. Catching Exception Information In Listing ... You can include a catch state-ment that is more specific in fact, you can write a catch statement for a specific excep-tion. Listing 9.4 includes a catch statement that captures the exception ... ); Using Multiple catches for a Single try The catch statement in Listing 9.2 is rather general. It can catch any exception that mighthave occurred inthe code within the try statement code....
... is cast to a character value in Line 22. The charactervalue is then appended to the string Input.After the entry of characters is completed, Line 27 prints the full value of the Inputstring. ... locationwithin the current StringBuilder object.Replace Changes all copies of a given character with a new character.ToString Converts StringBuilder to String. The StringBuilder class can ... to the console. The first placeholder in each ofthese lines displays the floating-point value as a fixed-point number using the F specifier. The second placeholder prints the same variable in...
... are placed into the card structure within the deck’s card array. The location inthe array where CardValue and CardSuit are being placed is tracked usingcurrcard. The calculation in Line 89 ... listing increments the character to the next character value or decrements the character to the preceding value.Note that this is moving through the character values, so incrementing Z or decrementingA ... of the current card position and more. The Deck class includes an array of cards in Line 70. The individual card structures in this array are initialized inthe constructor of the deck (Lines 76–94)....
... autoscaling the form.AutoScroll The form has the automatic capability of scrolling.AutoScrollMargin The size of the margin for the autoscroll.AutoScrollMinSize The minimum size of the autoscroll.AutoScrollPosition ... A constructor has been included in Lines 10–13 of the listing. The con-structor again has one simple call, InitializeComponent. This call causes the code in Lines 17–43 to execute. This is the ... statements include the Drawing and Windows.Forms namespaceswithin the System namespace. The Drawing namespace is used to shorten the names of the Point class. The Windows.Forms namespace is included...
... creating standards for communicating across the Web. The complexity of Web services is inthe communication. The wsdl tool created the complex code for you. By creating standards for communicating ... OleDbCommand();You can then associate the command object with the connection object by setting the command’s Connection property:myCommand.Connection = myConnection;You now have a command object ... services.Examining the Concept of a ComponentBefore tackling the concept of a Web service, it is worth looking at the conceptof components. A component is a piece of software that has a well-defined inter-face,...
... circumstances, program execution starts at the firststatement in main() and terminates at the last statement in main(). The #include Directive (Line 2) The #include directive instructs theC ... for the Indy PC News magazine.Introduction your source code. Inthe second step, you compile the source code to create an object file. Inthe third step, you link the compiled code to create ... with C l A Brief History of theC Language l Why Use C? l Preparing to Programl The Program Development Cyclem Creating the Source Codem Compiling the Source Codem Linking to Create an Executable...
... disk file containing the machine language instructions that correspond to your source code statements. The machine language instructions created by the compiler are called object code, and the disk ... circumstances,program execution starts at the first statement in main() and terminates at the last statement in main(). The #include Directive (Line 2) The #include directive instructs theC ... to create a disk filecontaining your source code. Inthe second step, you compile the source code to create an object file. In the third step, you link the compiled code to create an executable...
... In these cases, a line continuation character is used to indicate that the following line is a continuation of the current statement.Closing Thoughts The Microsoft .NET Framework and C# continue ... a bit tedious. The get accessor uses a return statement, which simply instructs the accessor to return the value indicated. Inthe set accessor of the code in Listing 3.3, the class field firstName ... reduces the chances of version conflicts.www.it-ebooks.info ptg72HOUR 3: Understanding Classes and Objects the C# WayWatchOut! In fact, the compiler transforms the code shown in Listing...
... 707Using the Coordinate-Handling Classes 710Using the CPoint Class 710Using the CRect Class 712Using the CSize Class 717Using the Time-Handling Classes 718Using the COleDateTime Class ... the Document Functionality 205Showing the User 208Saving and Loading the Drawing 213 Deleting the Current Drawing 214 Saving and Restoring the Drawing 215 Interacting with the Menu 218 Adding ... Tracer 698APPENDIX FUSING MFC’S HELPER CLASSES 699Using the Collection Classes 699Using the Array Classes 700Using the List Classes 702Using the Map Classes 704Creating Custom Collection Classes...
... Working with C+ + Classes and Objects 665Working with Complex Data in C+ + 666Using Functions with Structures 667Using Classes 674Controlling Access to Data in a Class 675Setting the Access ... Destructors 684Function Overloading Revisited 686Review of the OOP Constructs in C+ + 687Using Classes as Data Members 688Accessing Classes in Classes 689Inheriting in C+ + 689Building a Base Class ... Getting Started with C 7A Brief History of theCLanguage 7Why Use C? 8Preparing to Program 9 The Program Development Cycle 10Creating the Source Code 10Compiling the Source Code 12Linking...