s100a8 a9 by cd68 macrophages in ra st

... (s.c.) into the right hind leg Irradiation was performed using a T-1000 Theratronic cobalt unit (Theratronic International, Inc.; Ottawa, Canada) irradiator with animals restrained in a custom ... clinical potential in the therapeutic strategy for treating malignant gliomas Conclusions GBM is the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults, but the effective therapeutic strategies remain ... alkylating agents by linking the alkylating pharmacophore to the DNA-affinity molecules (e.g., DNA intercalating agents, DNA minor groove binder) [7,8] In most cases, the DNA-directed alkylating...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... particle-induced osteolysis via the OPG/ RANKL/RANK-system Further studies of the interaction of osteoclasts, osteoblasts, neurotransmitters, and the OPG/RANKL/RANK system have to be undertaken to gain a ... the osteoblastic phenotype because of their rapid growth and their homogeneity in the cell circle [36-40], but the OPG/RANKL/RANK system in vivo interacts between both osteoblasts and osteoclasts ... secreted by osteoblastic lineage cells [13,14] On the one hand, RANKL binds to RANK, which is expressed on osteoclast progenitors, and leads to osteoclast activation On the other hand, OPG binds to RANKL...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... particle-induced osteolysis via the OPG/ RANKL/RANK-system Further studies of the interaction of osteoclasts, osteoblasts, neurotransmitters, and the OPG/RANKL/RANK system have to be undertaken to gain a ... the osteoblastic phenotype because of their rapid growth and their homogeneity in the cell circle [36-40], but the OPG/RANKL/RANK system in vivo interacts between both osteoblasts and osteoclasts ... secreted by osteoblastic lineage cells [13,14] On the one hand, RANKL binds to RANK, which is expressed on osteoclast progenitors, and leads to osteoclast activation On the other hand, OPG binds to RANKL...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... wide-range cytotoxic effects of BA in tumor cells, the combination of BA with conservative therapies (such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy) seemed like a promising therapeutic strategy to investigate ... improved vincristine-induced cytotoxic effects in vitro, in addition to reducing the number of metastases in vivo [7] Sublines of the colon cancer cell line SNUC5 that are resistant to chemotherapy ... [23] In addition, BA augmented doxorubicin- or cisplatin-induced apoptosis in several different tumor cell lines, while no apoptosis was induced by BA treatment in untransformed fibroblasts [31]...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:21

... is regulated by upstream kinases, including extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), JAKs, and non receptor tyrosine kinases, including Ret, Src, and the Bcl-Abl fusion protein [17] Therefore, ... glioma [21] Since STAT3 is activated by cytokine receptor-associated tyrosine kinases or growth factor receptor intrinsic tyrosine kinases, besides antagonizing the function of relevant kinases or ... role in the deregulated proliferation and uninhibited growth of brain tumors [36] STAT3 activation by bFGF-FGFR binding has been implicated in the regulation of JAK2 and Src kinase activities in...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:21

... fucoidan inhibited IFN-γ-induced iNOS/NO production via inhibition of JAK/STAT and p38 activation In contrast, in Raw264.7 macrophages, fucoidan increased IFN-γ-induced iNOS/NO production via increase ... that fucoidan inhibits IFN-γ-induced iNOS expression in C6 cells via inhibition of JAK/STAT and p38 activation In contrast, in Raw264.7, fucoidan increases IFN-γ-induced iNOS via increase of TNF-α ... and non-glial cells In a study with galactosylsphingosine in rat astroglial cells, AP-1 plays a positive role in maintaining high level of iNOS mRNA after galactosylsphingosine treatment (Giri...

Ngày tải lên: 13/11/2014, 06:42

... mixture-induced genotoxicity in our study In fact, Masumura et al [23] found that long term treatment of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoxaline in gdp delta transgenic mice caused the increase ... resulting in base-pair substitutions, deletions, insertions or frameshifts may lead to mutation Mutation induction has been implicated in several other debilitating disorders, suggesting the importance ... N-nitrosamines: chemistry, biochemistry, carcinogenicity, and relevance to humans J Toxicol Environ Health 1994, 41, 1-52 16 Hollstein M, Sidransky D, Vogelstein B, Harris CC p53 mutations in human...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 18:20

... kappa B; CDK, cyclin dependent protein kinase radical scavenging These data demonstrate that DHT appears to have powerful cytoprotective activity against H2O2-induced ES cell injury Acknowledgments ... protein kinase by H2O2 Role in cell survival following oxidant injury J Biol Chem 1996, 271, 4138-4142 30 Han HJ, Heo JS, Lee YJ Estradiol-17β stimulates proliferation of mouse embryonic stem ... peroxide in human epidermal keratinocytes and the restorative effect of interleukin-10 J Dermatol Sci 2002, 28, 159-170 35 Ip YT, Davis RJ Signal transduction by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-from...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 20:23

... [16] Increased activity of GST was reported in Drosophila melanogaster after insecticide exposure [27] Elevated GSTs were reported in Nilaparvata lugens, a pyrethroid insecticide resistant strain ... A, Matsumura F, Enan E High affinity binding of 3-verapamil to rat brain synaptic membrane is antagonized by pyrethroid insecticides J Environ Sci Health 1994, 29, 855-871 Kale M, Rathore N, ... associated cardiolipin loss and membrane depolarization in rat brain mitochondria Neurochem Int 2006, 49, 20-27 Singh SN, Vats P, Kumria MM, Ranganathan S, Shyam R, Arora MP, Jain CL, Sridharan K Effect...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 23:22

... morphine-exposed rats in comparison with the prenatal saline controls after the first injection of morphine (Figure 1A) Daily administration of morphine resulted in tolerance development in rats ... developed faster tolerance than the other two opioids in rats Effects of prenatal morphine, methadone and buprenorphine administration on morphine-induced supraspinal antinociception The offspring of ... buprenorphine administration on buprenorphine-induced supraspinal antinociception Results showed that postnatal acute injection with buprenorphine did not result in a different antinociceptive...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... against H5N1 Vaccine 2009, 27:2099-2107 13 Sui Z, Chen Q, Wu R, Zhang H, Zheng M, Wang H, Chen Z: Crossprotection against influenza virus infection by intranasal administration of M2-based vaccine ... body, including both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses Due to antigenic drift that is a continuous ongoing process in type A influenza virus, the immunity induced by a certain strain is ... demonstrated that specific CTLs, established by influenza exposure and mostly targeting the virus internal proteins, provide some level of cross-protection against not only antigenically distinct...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:20

... cytokines is shifted by a combination of an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine and a stronger decrease of an anti-inflammatory cytokine rather than by increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines Our observations ... production by inhibiting the activation of NF-k B, a pivotal transcription factor modulating inflammation Also the inhibitory effect of IL-10 on NF-kB could induce increases in cell proliferation by ... murine tolerance of 100% oxygen and diminishes hyperoxia-induced DNA fragmentation J Clin Invest 1998, 101:1970-1982 Rush MG, Hazinski TA: Current therapy of bronchopulmonary dysplasia Clin Perinatol...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... compared to our study in which treatment was rapidly started in those without a past contact with MTB In addition, in this study INH was used as chemotherapy, whereas other studies reported INH plus ... enrolled individuals provided written informed consent prior to screening procedures, as did the parents of the children included in the study TST TST was administered by the Mantoux procedure using ... remaining 15 subjects in whom a cuticonversion was not observed (data not shown) It is interesting to note that in the group of the individuals that reported an exposure to MTB in the past and started...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:20

... Time in SPM (h) Time in YPD (min) 29 genes (d) Time in SPM (h) Time in SPM (h) Time in YPD (min) Time in YPD (min) 910 20 40 -1 -4 (e) 117 genes (f) Time in YPD (min) Transfer Time (h) Time in ... are required to examine which of the two strategies is more prominent during cellular differentiation Materials and methods Yeast strains and plasmids All strains used for this study are of the ... time points of A The transformation was done in two steps: first, smoothing splines were used to add intermediate time points to B (by creating a continuous representation of B, and re-sampling...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 16:21

... Cdc2/Cyclin B1, Bcl-2 protein and up-regulated Bax in our study In summary, these results indicated that Osthole induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis possibly by down-regulating Akt signaling in human ... effect of Osthole has been reported in a few papers Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that Osthole possessed an anticancer effect by inhibiting human cancer cells growth and inducing apoptosis ... 48 h Proteins were extracted, then Bax, Bcl-2 and b-actin expressions were analyzed by Western blotting Figure Effect of Osthole on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathways by Western blotting analysis...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:21

... temperature Membranes were washed again, and proteins were detected with Supersignal® West Dura Chemiluminescent Substrate (Pierce, Rockford, IL) To quantify the intensity of protein of interest, densitometry ... protein band and compared to either the protein loading control such as β-actin or the same protein at the baseline Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests ... mixtures were transfected at a concentration of 10 nM into approximately × 105 dividing HeLa or CEM-SS cells by using μl of Lipofectamine RNAiMAX following manufacturer's instructions (Invitrogen)...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... [1] In addition, genistein is found to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells [2] Whereas anti-carcinogenic compounds like lunasin and lectins in soybean were shown to induce apoptosis in ... at 1:5000 in TBST; anti-actin at 1:10000 in TBST) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., CA, USA) at room temperature for hours followed by incubation of horseradish peroxidase-conjugated rabbit anti-mouse ... controlling the entry of cells into mitosis by maintaining the G2/M checkpoint [22] Other researchers had also found that over-expression of 14-3-3σ in breast cancer cell lines was able to inhibit...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 11:12

... and suramin inhibition experiments presented in our study indicating an auto- and/or paracrine growth factor dependency of Egr-1 promoter activation by ionizing radiation However, in contrast to ... speci®c inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3-kinase, IC50 ˆ nM) wortmannin allows us to investigate downstream signalling of the PtdIns3 pathway and dependent activation events Suramin ... polyclonal rabbit antisera directed speci®cally against the phosphorylated proteins indicated (phosphorylated amino-acid residues are given in brackets) Phosphorylation-state-independent rabbit polyclonal...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... containing the PTEN locus suggesting a reduced PTEN expression leading to a strongly deregulated cell growth Interestingly, we demonstrated that ADF cells are unaffected by high TZM concentrations, ... white birch tree extract on high grade astrocytoma cells, encouraging their use in clinical protocols Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Authors' contributions ... cells in 96 well plates The following day cells were stained for 10 minutes in medium containing JC-1 at the final concentration of 50 μg/ml After removal of JC-1, a new medium containing the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... Figure Induction of cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis by 3b protein expression Induction of cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis by 3b protein expression p3b/EGFP-N1 plasmid was transfected into ... Annexin V-PE and 7-AAD staining In each box, the upper left corner included damaged cells, the lower left corner included viable cells, which were negative for 7-AAD and Annexin V-PE binding, ... positive cells negative cells Figure Figure Histogram of cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis Histogram of cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis Histogram showing the percentages of cells at various...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20