role of transport layer in osi model

Ngày tải lên: 13/11/2014, 10:36

... an important role in transporting passengers and cargo. Especially in transporting passengers in urban area, long distance, container, inter – area cargo, etc…. The first line of VietNam Railways ... Hanoi and arrive at Lao Cai train station in the early morning. Trains also leave in the evening from Lao Cai and arrive in the morning in Hanoi. Traveling within Sapa: Sapa is a small town ... History of VietNam trains: The first train in Indo-china running from Sai Gon to Cho Lon on 27 December 1881 In National Communication and Transpor system, VietNam Railway came into being later...

Ngày tải lên: 03/09/2012, 09:19

... ethanol-induced mucosal injury in the upper gastrointestinal tract leading to increase in the permeability of the gut mucosa to endotoxins [43, 44]. These factors are involved in ethanol-induced ... . Interestingly, HMGN3 has been found to be associated with resistance against anticancer drugs including vinblastine, topotecan, paclitaxel and doxorubincin in human hepatocellular carcinoma ... signaling. This finding corroborates the interaction observed between various intracellular signaling pathways and apoptosis induced by 1mM concentration of ethanol in HepG2 cells [19]. Int....

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2012, 15:28

Ngày tải lên: 08/10/2013, 15:56

... China Statistics Yearbook, China Financial Yearbook and People’s Bank of China Statistics Quarterly bulletin. B. Development of direct financing and indirect financing markets providing financing ... in exploring on-line banking business as well as in promoting non-bank financial institutions. Efforts should be made in upgrading financial operations and financial services, and in conducting ... developing countries. He suggests that as financial 7 F. Role of the government, central bank and international financial institution in institution building 1. Role of the government As an indispensable...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 07:15

... shown that interactions between KCs and endotoxin comprise the initiating event lead- ing to hepatotoxicity in liver injury, including endotox- emia and ischemia ⁄ reperfusion injury [14]. In our studies, ... signaling is independent of Toll-interleukin 1 receptor domain-containing adaptor protein. Drug Metab Dispos 36, 95–101. 10 Ghose R, Guo T & Haque N (2009) Regulation of gene expression of hepatic ... USA). Binding of all of the anti- bodies was detected using an ECL detection system (iNtRON Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea) in accordance with the manu- facturer’s instructions. The intensity of the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 18:20

... renewed interest in examining the indications for BCG vaccination in the United States included consideration of the wide range of vaccine efficacies deter- mined by clinical trials and estimated in ... should continue to be included in ongoing testing programs if their skin-test results are <5 mm induration. Those vaccinees who have positive tuberculin skin-test reactions (≥5 mm of induration) ... indicated, administering preventive therapy to those persons who have positive tuberculin skin-test results. The preferred method of skin testing is the Mantoux tuberculin skin test using 0.1 mL of 5...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 13:20

... would involve the following determinations: in terms of producing information about possible invest- ments and allocating capital, the financial (a) developing and analyzing measures of the ... REPORT 2013 1 GLOBAL FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2013 Rethinking the Role of the State in Finance Washington, D.C. GLOBAL FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2013 BENCHMARKING FINANCIAL SYSTEMS AROUND ... governments. (In) efficiency mea- sures for institutions include indicators such as overhead costs to total assets, net interest margin, lending-deposits spread, noninterest income to total income,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 10:20

... them to maintain higher net interest margins. Indeed, during most of the 1990s, the net interest margin of small banks held steady at over 4.5 percent, while the net interest margin of large banks ... begins by pointing out that banking industry observers expect the number of community banks to decline Table 10 AVERAGE RETAIL BANKING FEES BY SIZE OF INSTITUTION (2001, in dollars) Type of ... larger banks in making small business loans. Loan officers at small banks can take into account a wide variety of factors in reviewing applications for small business loans, including the character of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 11:20

... from mining operations can contain silt and rock particles and sur- factants. Depending on the type of ore deposit being mined, tailings can also contain heavy metals like copper, lead, zinc, ... dis- charge can contain a wide range of contaminants and originate from a myriad of sources. Some of the biggest generators of toxic industrial waste include mining, pulp mills, tanneries, sugar ... examples of persistent environmental damage caused by the discharge of toxic mine waste. In Papua New Guinea for ex- ample, companies discharge millions of tons of contaminated mine waste into...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 10:20

... or without hematoxylin staining. In hypoxia experiments, 3T3-L1 cells were maintained in a hypoxia chamber (Invivo 400; Ruskinn Inc., Cincinnati, OH, USA) constantly maintained at 1% O 2 . Culture medium ... cultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum. OP9 cells were grown in aMEM containing 20% fetal bovine serum. C2C12 cells were maintained in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Adipogenic ... serum and IDM (10 lgặmL )1 insulin, 1 lm dexamethasone, and 0.5 mm IDM). Cells were then maintained in DMEM con- taining 10% fetal bovine serum and 1 lgặmL )1 insulin. The medium was replaced...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 08:20

... calcium-independent phospholipase A 2 participates in ER stress-induced INS-1 insulinoma cell apoptosis by promoting cera- mide generation via hydrolysis of sphingomyelins by neutral sphingomyelinase. Biochemistry 46, ... leading to the accumulation of sphingomyelin [27]. Because one of the pathways for ceramide recycling is the sphingomyelin pathway, it is conceivable that in addition to the accumulation of Fig. ... protein contain- ing motifs consistent with a role in the intracellular transport of cholesterol to post-lysosomal destinations. Cells from NPC subjects show a decrease in acid sphingomyelinase activity,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 14:20

... Cer is incorporated, hydrolyzed to sphingosine and then recycled into intracellular Cer itself, and that accumu- lation of Cer contributes to the induction of apoptosis [20]. However, the signaling ... role in skin wound healing. After a skin injury, PPARb expression is rap- idly elevated in the epidermis at the wound edges; dele- tion of a single PPARb allele results in delayed wound healing ... cultured human keratinocytes [14]. In this study, we examined the interaction between CerK and PPARb, and its role in regulating keratino- cyte survival. We report that in a mouse keratinocyte cell line upregulation...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... detected at the dimer interface of the models or in the surroundings of the hinge loop residues. Likewise, the models of nonex- changing and exchanging HHP-RNase were prepared start- ing from 1Z7X. ... detected at the dimer interface of the models or in the surroundings of the mutated residues. The models of RNase A covalent dimers in the exchanging conformation were prepared using the 7RSA structure ... Protein–lipidic membrane complexes of RNase AA, RNase AA-G, RNase AA-GG, and HHP-RNase were prepared using models of these dimers. The models of RNase A covalent dimers in the nonexchanging conforma- tion...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 06:20

... substrate binding process. This provides strong evidence that N-glycans, in particular their terminal structures, are involved in regulating the GABA translocation of GAT1, but not in binding of GAT1 ... that N-linked oligosaccharide side-chains are important for the GABA transport activity. 1-Deoxymannojirimycin inhibits the GABA-uptake of GAT1 In order to gain further insight into the role of the terminal ... that of DDN, showing a value of only 5.5 h. In contrast, the stability of NNN containing only mannosidic N-glycans after treatment with dMM Fig. 4. In uence of dMM on plasma membrane trafficking...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... language behavior are introduced by including neurally motivated pro- cessing control as the focus of model definition and by including behaviorially defined con- straints, both normal and ... computational linguistics which in- cludes neurally-motivated constraints in the design of models of natural language processing. Furthermore, the knowledge representations in- cluded in such models ... understanding of brain function, contributes significantly to our increased under- standing of representations which have been de- fined within linguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:20