... renewed interest in examining the indications for BCG vaccination in the
United States included consideration of the wide range of vaccine efficacies deter-
mined by clinical trials and estimated in ... preventing pulmonary TB in adoles-
cents and adults. These studies also were not useful in determining a) the efficacy of
BCG vaccine in HCWs or b) the effects on efficacy of the vaccine strain administered
6 ... and recommendations for the use of BCG vaccine in selected persons, and
implementation and surveillance of BCG vaccination.
BCG VACCINES
BCG vaccines are live vaccines derived from a strain of...
... majors in enhancing
English speaking competence. 49
2.1. Misunderstanding of meaning caused by wrong placement ofstress 49
2.2. Misunderstanding of meaning caused by changes in sentence stress. ... distinguish between four levels of stress: major
sentence stress, major word stress, minor word stressand unstressed.
Thus, in the sentence: “I walked home in the rainstorm”.
‗I‘, in , and ... meaning and none of them
denied the roleof producing accurate sentence stress. However, a problem,
their strong attitude, cognition and utilization sentence stressin enhancing
speaking competence...
... group of the a-aminoadipoyl- side-chain
of penicillin N (1), with arginines 74 and 75 apparently
playing a less important rolein side-chain binding. Taken
together, the results of this and previous ... oxidation.
Penicillin substrate binding to DAOCS
The results in this paper give support to the proposed
mode of penicillin binding by DAOCS [1,12] a key feature
of which is that arginines 160 and 162 bind to ... residues in
binding the carboxylate linked to the nucleus of penicillin N
(Arg160 and Arg162) and the carboxylate of the a-amino-
adipoyl side-chain (Arg266). The results for mutation of
Arg74 and...
... further examined with the relevant economic
theories which are introduced in the Chapter 2 of the thesis.
By applying economic theories, the roles and mechanisms
of international agreements in conservation ... original and very challenging in this
aspect.
The followings are some of the important previous
VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI
COLLEGE OF ECONOMIC
YASUKATA FUKAHORI
THE ROLEOF ... envisage to contributing to
conservation of the global environmental assets that are
diminishing rapidly at an increasing rate.
It is very timely and important in three main
reasons. First,...
... complex leads to the
initiation of complex signaling events leading to protein
tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the src-family
kinases Lyn and Fyn as well as the tyrosine kinase Syk
[30,32,52]. ... [86,91-94]. Levels of both dityrosine and
nitrotyrosine are elevated in brain regions specifically
affected in AD [91]. Protein nitration is also increased in
the hippocampus of AD patients compared ... the inducible nitric oxide synthase
(iNOS) [75-77]. Fibrillar Aβ peptides stimulate the induc-
tion of iNOS and NO production through an NADPH-
dependent oxidative deamination of L-arginine
[56,75,78,79]....
... imposing a continuous load of
calcium to the neuron. The turning point upon which
the cell looses the ability to buffer the incoming calcium
resulting in an abrupt, sustained and irreversible
increase ... by proteins resi-
ding in both the inner and outer mitochondrial
membrane, that is activated by mitochondrial Ca
2+
overloading and other factors including oxidative stress
[88,89]. In neurons ... for a roleof Trp proteins in the oxidative
stress- induced membrane conductances of porcine
aortic endothelial cells. Cardiovasc Res 42, 543–
549.
236 Wehage E, Eisfeld J, Heiner I, Jungling E,...
... PARP inhibitor, on oxidative stress- induced changes in
D. discoideum development. Interestingly, oxidativestress resulted in PARP
activation within 5 min that was inhibited by benzamide. Oxidative ... development.
HA-induced oxidativestress activates PARP within
5 min (Fig. 4A,B), and its role during oxidative stress
is further confirmed by the use of low concentrations
of benzamide. Preincubation of cells ... the response of this organism to oxidative stress
and the roleof PARP during development. We used hydroxylamine (HA)
to induce in situ generation of H
2
O
2
and monitored the effect of
benzamide,...
... implicating both oxidative
stressand inflammatory mechanisms in AD pathogenesis.
Effect of indomethacin plus vitamin E supplementation on sol-uble Aβ levelsFigure 3
Effect of indomethacin plus ... a subset of NSAIDs
(e.g. ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, indomethacin) reduced
brain inflammation and Aβ levels in addition to the dep-
osition of Aβ in brain [13,14]. Despite this evidence, and
the ... that a full dose of
indomethacin alone despite a significant reduction in
brain inflammation had only a marginal effect on brain
oxidative stressin the Tg2576 mice [16]. This finding sug-
gests...
... response of the organism to particle-induced oxida-
tive stress. The observed increase of reducing species in
urine would mirror an increased level in blood originat-
ing from a response to oxidative ... within-shift variation of 8OHdG (% of initial value) and
within-shift reduced species (% of initial value) for smokers and non smokers.
Sauvain et al. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology ... 8OHdG and reducing species. (a) Correlation between urinary levels of 8OHdG ( in μg/g creatinine) and
reduced species (in μW/g creatinine) for all collected samples. (b) Correlation between within-shift...
... synthase. The increased
activities of argininosuccinate synthetase and argininosuccinate lyase suggest the increased
and effective recycling of citrulline to arginine in anoxia, making nitric ... findings of NO involvement in pathophysiol-
ogy of hypobaric hypoxia in brain (42-43). In this
study the increased activity of NOS in anoxia may
represent predominantly the nNOS form. In inflam-
matory ... reperfusion damage in brain.
The increased activities of AS and AL indicate the
effective recycling of citrulline to arginine and suggest
a functional role to citrulline –NO cycle enzymes in
anoxia....