role of energy in economic growth pdf

... and Patrinos (2004)), which are frequently interpreted as indicating diminishing marginal returns to schooling. There are some reasons for caution in interpreting the precise magnitude of estimates. ... This work, following the innovative analyses of human capital by Jacob Mincer (1970, 1974), considers how investing in differing amounts of schooling affects individual earnings. Over the past ... Plot of Growth and Years of Schooling without Test-score Controls Notes: Added-variable plot of a regression of the average annual rate of growth (in percent) of real GDP per capita in 1960- 2000...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 11:20

... Rules for Assigning Initiative about the effectiveness of Socratic tutoring in the BEE domain or Socratic tutoring in general. 3.2 Initiative Annotation Method The two definitions of initiative we ... an- notated using changes in initiative as a starting point; these changes were taken as marking either a segment endpoint or the beginning of a nested segment. tion following a question takes initiative. ... between initia- tive and learning gain. Since Socratic and didactic dialogues also differ in interactivity, we tested the relationship between learning gain and the inter- activity measures of average...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... NICs. Finally, upgrading financial and tax institutions was an important element in explaining intercountry differences in rates of economic growth at all levels of economic development in contemporary ... investment in infrastructure and industry explained: 50% of the variance among countries in patterns of industrialization; 28% in intercountry differences in the extent of expansion of market institutions; ... All of these ushered in a decade of drastic economic decline in developing countries. During the nineteen eighties developing countries': average rates of economic growth either declined...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 05:21

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:21

... form of the building of new types of scholls like polytechnic schools and professional schools. Royal Institute of Technology, Karolinska Medical Institute, Institute of For- est, Institute of ... learning by doing, learningf by using, and learning by interaction feed- back into the process of innovation (Lundvall 1992). When bottleneck prob- lems are met and registered in production, or in ... engaged in routine activities. Thus, each national system of innovation is rooted in a na- tional system of production. By underlining the importance of existing eco- nomic structure innovations...

Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2014, 16:33

... higher rating indicating a greater degree of economic freedom. The minimum value in the sample is 2.3 in Nicaragua in 1985, the maximum value 9.08 in Honk Kong in1 995 and a mean of 6.06. Moreover, ... political decision making, including checks and balances against presidents, prime ministers, or dictators, as well as methods of aggregating the different opinions of individuals in the society “(Acemoglu, ... determinants of growth. The former is measured in births per woman ranging from 0.93 in Hong Kong in 2005 and 8.25 in Rwanda in 1980 with an average of 3.76. The population density is measured in...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 16:20

... Processing. Dept. of Computer Science TR-70, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N.J. Reinhart, T;mya [1976] The Syntactic Domain of Anaphora. unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Foreign ... and LinBuistics, M.I.T. Rieger, Charles J. [1974] Conceptual Memory: A Theory and Compufer Program for Processing Ihe Meaning Content of Natural Language Utterances. Stanford Artificial Intelligence ... [1979] To,'ards a Computational Thmr 7 of Definite Anaphora Comprehension in £nglish Discour~. unpublished Ph.D. disseration, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, M.I.T. Webber,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... few restrictions on it. An interpretation of E as an index of embodied quality in different types and vintages of labor, fixed once and for all and independent of levels of K, would be very restrictive ... FUNCTIONS AND IN GROWTH ANALYSIS For a long time, a major puzzle in the growth literature was that the total measured growth in inputs did not add up to measured growth in output. Consider this puzzle in ... it best. There ã is, of course, a great deal of evidence that differences in schooling are a major determinant of differences in wages and income, even holding many other things constant.8 Also,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 21:20

... accuracy rate of 90.4% in identifying the syntactic role of an- tecedents. The method described in this paper can be used in resolving syntactic role of antecedents in relative clauses of other ... frequently in the role of subject, and codes of position (from 100 to 109), codes of place (from 700 to 709) and codes of building (from 940 to 949) appear most often in the role of object. ... T. Kim. 1997. Semantic Role Determination in Korean Relative Clauses Using Idiomatic Patterns. In Proceedings of 17th International Conference on Computer Processing of Oriental Languages,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 07:20

... results in trimming something off something else; in the case of example (9) above trimming the bush results in trimming the dry branches off the bush. And this is what the semantic type in (16) ... (example (7)). In this case wischen does not entail the existence of a locatum argu- ment. For instance, the act of wiping a board does not necessarily result in wiping some- thing off it. (7) *Peter ... Impingement Predicates In order to capture the semantic properties of the arguments of the most representative verb of the impingement predicates class in German, the verb schlagen (hit) in...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20

... coupling enzymes (i.e. in the absence of contaminating ammonium). The number of independent experiments is shown in parentheses. Units of K m and K 0.5 are lM; V max , Uặ(mg protein) )1 . Hexokinase ATP ... the original intracellular concentration. Determination of glycolytic ux in liver and tumor cells Cells (15 mg proteinặmL )1 ) were incubated in 3 mL Krebs– Ringer medium with orbital stirring (150 ... the US NIH guidelines for care and use of experimental animals. Determination of steady-state concentrations of metabolites Cells (15 mg proteinặmL )1 ) were incubated in Krebs-Ringer medium with...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 11:20

... PAb240 from hybridoma cell lines detected the presence of the epitope comprising amino acids 212–217 of the p53 protein and represents the amount of p53 protein loaded in each lane [30]. Phosphorylation ... proteins mutated at specific phos- phorylation targets. Recombinant murine p53 proteins were expressed in insect cells (using the baculoviral expression vector system) and in a mam- malian in vitro ... from hybridoma cell lines detected the presence of the epitopes comprising amino acids 371–382 and amino acids 370–378 of the p53 protein, respectively [31]. Peroxidase chemilumi- nescence blotting was performed...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 16:20

... shows a linear increase in rod length for growth times of 25 - 120 min. Further extensions of the growth time do not lead to a significant increase in average rod length owing to consumption of the ... and tip termination. The introduction of KCl (10 mM) re- sults in a significant increase in rod length (860 ± 250 nm) compared with growth in the absence of KCl (370 ± 130 nm). Increasing the con- centration ... paths intersect, Fig. 2c, resulting in the termination of some nanorods as growth time increases. This process is supported by the observed increase in (002) diffraction intensity at longer growth...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 13:24

... glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and its inhi- bition resulted in enhanced insulin secretion. Myotrophin, a protein that has a role in exocytosis, was identified as one of the targets of miR-375. Inhibition ... cancer treatment. Using data from miRNA profiling and knowl- edge of familial history of a certain diseases will help in developing miRNA-based personalized therapy. Detailed understanding of the characteristic ... outgrowths during hypertrophy through the regulation of sprouty 2, an intracellular inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein-kinase signaling. Another miRNA that is consistently up regulated in...

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