richness and the influence of turbidity and sedimentation

... Australian and overseas visitors “survival” of the GBR means the retention of its wide set of values the ecological and aesthetic sustainability of these unique © 2001 by CRC Press LLC Will the Great ... agriculture In the Burdekin catchment 60% of the Melaleuca wetlands are gone, and 50% of the rainforest, and this is considered typical of other catchments Approvals for clearing and agriculture ... such as the preservation of a green belt along the banks of rivers and creeks In the GBR hinterland these measures are the exception rather than the rule As a result of intense tropical rainfall,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... favoured the FF genotype of PGI, and the combined pollution acted against the MM genotype of PGI and against the MM and SS genotypes of AP ’ higher frequency of heterozygotes among the surpollution significant ... show a higher frequency of the allele M among the live animals than among the dead, is a consequence of the huge proportion of the genotype MM among the live animals; other M bearing genotypes ... the pollutant used was the nonionic detergent by itself, selection acted against the genotype FF and the allele F in general and favored the genotype MM The fact that the statistical results...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:20

... Finally, the comparison between the different behaviour of the species tested suggests that resistance to the action of aerosols is the result of the strength of the structures protecting the leaf, and ... illustrate the results of a number of experiments the aim of which was to measure the toxic- ity of the various components of polluted sea spray, both in isolation and in synergy MATERIALS AND METHODS ... collected both near the coast and 2-3 km inland Samples of bulk deposits were taken from pine trees (Pinus pinea L) from the section of the crown exposed to the sea and also from the opposite side...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:21

... describes for the first time in the literature a “switch on and off” mode of evolution of LCH The clinical course of the LCH varies, while its treatment, outcome and prognosis cannot be precisely ... single-system disease was found in 31% of the patients and 69% had multi-system disease [7] The data from that report supported the great uncertainty and lack of a therapeutic standard at least for front-line ... osseous and pulmonary lesions regressed with a rare “switch on and off” mode This uncommon case of remission of multi-system LCH indicates the unpredictable evolution of the disease, raising the...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 23:21

... resection of as much pericardium as possible The inspection of the epicardium by the surgeon showed a pericardial thickness of 10 mm and a whitecolored spot of the pericardium at the right ventricle There ... Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of pericardial diseases executive summary; The Task force on the diagnosis and management of pericardial diseases of the European society of cardiology ... response of PMPM to radiotherapy or chemotherapy A median survival time from the onset of symptoms is six months [8-10] Recently, newer chemotherapeutic regimens after complete excision of the tumor...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:21

... Heading2 Preface to the First Edition During the past decade our understanding of the histopathology of the cervix uteri has changed greatly Because of the lifestyles of the modern permissive ... carcinomas of the cervix express mostly CK 13, often combined with CK and 18, and glandular carcinomas of the cervix are more likely to express CK and 18 (Smedts et al 1992) p63, a homolog of the tumor ... indications and its advantages and disadvantages, which require careful consideration before the application of a method In general, there are questions about the interpretability of the specimen and the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 16:59

... directly at the oral cavity (or the body) from the front, the anatomical directions of right and left are reversed Hence, the right side of the mouth is actually to the left of the viewer, while the ... side of the mouth is to the right of the viewer D The manner in which the mandibular teeth contact the maxillary teeth is called occlusion The term for the process of biting or chewing of food ... location of the height of contour on the facial and lingual surfaces on the crowns of teeth The height of contour, which is also known as the crest of curvature is the greatest area of contour...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 17:30

... electrons near the surface of a solid sample Some of these (the Auger electrons) have energies characteristic of the elements and, in many cases, of the chemical bonding of the atoms from which they are ... element The frequency of the E M S is related to the interatomic distance between the absorbing and neighboring atoms The amplitude of the EXAFS is related to the number, type, and order of neighboring ... layers deep, depending on the material, the energy of the photoelectron concerned, and the angle (with respect to the surface) of the measurement The particular strengths of XPS are semiquantitative...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 23:20

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:21

... illustrating the great depth of field of the SEM: (a) optical micrograph of the very tip of the screw; (b) and (c) the same area in the SEM and a second image taken at an angle (the latter shows the depth ... from the surface of a magnetic sample The orientation of the magnetization is determined from the sign of the rotation and the geometry of the setup MOKE measurements can be made as a function of ... things, the current will be determined by the perfection or the chemistry of the spot where the beam strikes By scanning the beam in the SEM mode, an image of the perfection (or chemistry) of the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:21

... down the optic axis of the microscope O n the lefthand side of the diagram, the atomic planes are undistorted, as they would be in a perfect crystal On the righthand side of the diagram, the sample ... the fraction of electrons backscattered by the sample and the volume of X-ray generation (the Zfactor); a correction for the absorption of the generated X rays in the sample (the A factor); and ... magnify either the diffraction pattern from the sample produced at the back f c l plane of oa the objective lens; or they magnrfi the image produced at the image plane of the objective lens These...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:21

... background The amplitude of the FXWS wiggles depends on the number of neighbors, the strengh of their scatteringand the static and dynamic disorder in their position The frequency of the EXAFS ... boundaries and the influence of finite sizes on the tran~ition.~ Dynamics of phase transitions, ordering, disordering, and growth Measurement of the time evolution of the diffracted intensity and the ... relating the symmetry and the separation of diffracted beams to the symmetry and separation of the scatterers The location of a diffracted beam can be defined by specifylng the magnitudes and the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:21

... in the valence-band density of states, and thus the shape of the L W “peak” is derived from a self convolution of the valenceband density of states, and the width of the L W peak is twice the ... than the X-ray energy hv; the position of the peaks directly measures the BEs of the electrons in the orbitals and identifies the atom concerned; the intensities of the peaks depend on the number ... control of the measurement parameters, such as the primary beam energy and current, the energy resolution of the energy analyzer, the angle of incidence of the primary beam onto the sample and the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:21

... middle, and the Cr layer at the bottom; in T2, the positions of the Cr and FeNi layers are reversed, with Cr on top and FeNi at the bottom; meanwhile the Cu layer remains in the middle Because of ... peak, and correcting for the energy-dependence of the ionization cross sections as a h n a i o n of depth in the material; the absorption of the X rays in the material; the production of secondary ... absorption effects, and by the calibration procedures used to determine the energy dependence of the fraction of the X rays detected A detailed comparison of the analysis of the same set of PIXE data...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:21

... is the transmittance of the sample at frequency w, and It is the intensity of the transmitted light Similarly, if one is measuring the light reflected from the surface of the sample, then the ... laser beam; the second symbol is the polarization direction of the laser beam; the thiid symbol is the polarization direction ofthe scattered beam; and the fourth symbol is the direction ofthe scattered ... 1to be the intensity of the beam after it has interacted with the sample The goal of the basic infrared experiment is to determine the intensity ratio 1/10 as a function of the frequency of the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:21

... nuclei of the sample The energy of ions scattered at a known angle is used to indicate both the mass of the scattering nucleus and the depth of penetration of the ion into the sample before the ... angle of hydrogen recoil with respect to the incident beam; M1 El are the mass and energy, respectively, of the incident ion; and M2is the mass of the recoiling ion; E; is the energy of the recoiling ... Because of the high energy of the incident ions, the ion-target interaction is a series of binary events The de Broglie wavelength of the ion is on the order of 10-3A, so that difiaction and other...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:21

... dramatically as in some other spectroscopies and they are uniformly increasing with the m s of the elements as One of the major disadvantages of ISS is its low spatial resolution In most of the current systems, ... analyses Like the chemical composition of the primary beam, the chemical nature of the sample affects the ion yield of elements contained within it For example, the presence of a large amount of an electronegative ... (75As) These depth profiles were obtained under normal conditions (0-V offset) and under voltage offset conditions (50-V ofiet) The improvement in the detection limit of arsenicwith the use of a...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:21

... in Figure 7b The measurement identifies the redistribution of the Si to the interfaces, the diffusion of Al and Si into the TiN, and a strong difiiiion out of Ti from the TiN into the overlyingAl ... profile of the major elements in the thinf film structure o AI /TiN /Si, comparing the annealed and unannealed structures t o determine the extent of interdiffusion of the layers The depth profile ... from the metal die, a polyethylene cylinder is drilled to hold the powder such that the tips and sides of the electrodes touch only the polyethylene and not the steel parts ofthe die If the sample...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:21

... measurement of the Zn concentration and therefore can be used to check the consistency and quality of the analysis O n the other hand, GGZn produce will G7Zn,which is nonradioactive and therefore ... term before the parentheses is the nucleus of interest (the species to be profded) The first term in parentheses is the incident particle The remaining components are the products of the reaction ... (i.e., the number of y rays/ 100 decays); n is the number of atoms of the element of interest (unknown); Q is the isotopic abundance of the target; fis the neutron flux density; Q is the neutron...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:21