review of the literature example for a research paper

... erythematosus Lancet 1990, 335:1541-4 Takayama T, Teramura M, Sakai H, Tamaki S, Okabayashi T, Kawashima T, Yamamoto... Institute for Drug Exploration Author details 1 Department of Cardiothoracic ... endocarditis of the mitral valve may vary in size and typically have a wart-like morphology. They can be found near the edge of the leaflets along the line of closure; both on the atrial and ventricular ... patient 2 (A, B), 3 (C,D), and 4 (E,F). (A) Photomicrograph of patient 2. Haematoxylin and Eosin (HE) stain of the atrial surface of the excised mitral valve anterior leaflet. Orginal magnification

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... studies available that sys- tematically evaluate the evidence for the quality of the measurement properties of all PF scales that are vali- dated for patients with RA. Furthermore, until recently there ... Erik Taal 1 and Mart AFJ van de Laar 1,2 Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to systematically review the content validity and measurement properties of all physical function (PF) scales ... information on internal consistency was found, factor analysis was applied before calculating Cronb ach’s a. The AIMS was theonlyquestionnairetoreceiveanegativerating, because a < 0.70 was

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:20

... issue of what should be the Gold Standard for segmental palpation signs. Further work in the area of establishing a true Gold Standard for the identification of zygapophy- seal joint pain may be ... test and Valsalva's maneuver. The kappa values for these tests ranged from 0.60 to 0.88. Validity Wainner, et al [32] provide data on the SE, SP PLR and NLR of a variety of historical factors ... out that, in the instances of poor agreement, the raw data indicated that the examiners had agreed on 13 of 14 decisions. But the calculations of k were vulnerable because 12 of the 13 agreements

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 14:20

... However, an examination of the efficacy of these treatments is beyond the scope of this review; readers are referred to these review papers [18, 19] for treatment efficacy Although few studies have assessed ... NSSI risk associated with Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation family adaptability [36] Scale-II [36]; Family Cohesion and Elevated risk for NSSI associated with greater Adaptability Scale-Chinese ... both for the youth and parent synonymous with a suicide attempt, or is an indicator of a psychological disorder [99] The availability of accurate information about NSSI has been identified as a

Ngày tải lên: 14/01/2020, 19:40

... systematic review of the literature Ali Annaim1*, Mia Lassiter1, Anthony J Viera2 and Maria Ferris1 Abstract Background: Although some research has examined the use of games for the education of pediatric ... Additionally, the Cochrane database of systematic reviews was accessed, and an review focused on interactive health communication applications acted as a source for additional articles that the ... internal validity, potential for biases, accuracy and appropriateness of the analysis and applicability used in each study The overall quality of the study was determined through an application of the

Ngày tải lên: 27/02/2020, 13:27

... chemoradiotherapy for the primary tumor All of the patients showed a complete response of the regional lymph nodes and nasopharyngeal mass after radiation therapy and chemotherapy The interval from the diagnosis ... tumors in the two groups included radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy The median dose of radiation to treat the nasopharyngeal carcinomas was 70 Gray (range: 68 to 76 Gy) and 70 Gy (range: 66 ... chemoembolization and chemotherapy, these treatments are palliative and the patients’ overall survival rates are still not satisfactory [6-8] The role of partial hepatectomy for hepatic metastasis from

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2020, 14:54

... Colleges: A Review of the Literature and Implications for Practice Kassandra G Moore University of Nevada, Las Vegas Abstract Preparing students for careers is a primary responsibility of college administrators ... important student service activities Kassandra Moore is a Career Coach at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) and a graduate of the Masters of Education in Higher Education program at UNLV ... vocational/job training, participating in recreational courses, or enhancing their skills and/or basic knowledge in a particular area of study With the goal of understanding career advising and career

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2022, 14:05

... undergone a profound transformation Instead of embracing the paradigm shift in both large and scale that technology innovation has brought (King et al., 2017), in this essay, the inevitable associated ... performing multiple media tasks simultaneously (Lee et al., 2012, p 95) - has detrimental effects on undergraduates to moderate their chances and abilities to retain information and abate the rates ... especially under the circumstances of the Covid-19 pandemic, the high cost of Internet access and additional payment for online courses and activities outside the traditional class poses a threat

Ngày tải lên: 27/03/2024, 10:42

... Health and Quality of Life Outcomes BioMed Central Open Access Review Quality of life in bipolar disorder: A review of the literature Erin E Michalak*, Lakshmi N Yatham and Raymond W Lam Address: ... Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Email: Erin E Michalak* - emichala@interchange.ubc.ca; Lakshmi N Yatham - yatham@interchange.ubc.ca; Raymond W Lam ... therapy (CBT) in patients with BD Although baseline SF-36 data was available for 42 patients (see Table 2), pre and post intervention data was only available for a proportion of participants

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 15:20

... content of the paper SJ, KAS, STW contributed to the conception and design, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, statistical analysis, drafting of the manuscript, critical revision ... that the small number of participants (39) and the fact that many participants had technical difficulty viewing the animations and videos may have impacted the results In a similar study, Forester ... data elements were recorded for each article If the reviewing investigator had any questions about a data element, the article was reviewed by a panel of investigators consisting of the lead author

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... on the patient-rated and clinician-rated alli- ance scale or the patient-rated satisfaction scale betwee n modalities. There was a significant difference on the therapist version of the satisfaction ... that the telepsychiatry project led to the avoidance of hospitaliza- tion for some patients as well as reduced stigma for patients who visited an acute care facility rather than a mental health ... The studies reviewed had a range of bandwidths from narrow (for example, 33 kbps) to broad (for example, 384 kbps). As a rule of thumb, the higher the bandwidth, the bet- ter the quality of a

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:21

... in the common iliac area, 62% in the external iliac, 4% in the internal iliac, and 17% in the parametrial areas [35], whereas Lev- enback found 9% of the sentinel nodes in the paraaortic area, ... nodes, and posteriorly to the pre-sacral and then para-aortic nodes. Although majority of the nodes are located in internal iliac and external iliac areas, nodes have been found in also presacral, ... cancers, and is in the fourth most common female genital cancer. Of the cases, 90% are squamous cell carcinomas, while the rest are melanoma, adenocarcinoma, basal cell carci- noma and sarcoma [7].

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 07:21

... Gupta T, Banavali S, Arora B, Sharma D, Kurkure PA, Ramadwar M, Viswanathan S, Rangarajan V, Qureshi S, Deshpande DD, Shrivastava SK, Dinshaw KA: Nasopha- ryngeal Carcinoma in Children: Comparison ... University of Heidelberg. MM is responsible for the medical aspects of treatment planning and application, idea for this paper, literature research and proof reading. All authors read and approved the ... Pediatric Population. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2006, 5:591-596. 24. Penagaricano JA, Papanikolaou N, Yan Y, Ratanatharathorn V: Appli- cation of intensity-modulated radiation therapy for pediatric

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... ng/ml, the Kryptor Test has an intra-assay CV of less than or equal to 7% and an interassay CV of less than or equal to 10%, and at concentrations greater than 0.3 ng/ml the intra-assay CV is ... procalcitonin after cardiac surgery: a systematic review of the literature Christoph Sponholz, Yasser Sakr, Konrad Reinhart and Frank Brunkhorst Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, ... 59% after cardiac and thoracic surgery, and in 95% of patients after surgery of the intestine. Cardiac surgery per se and the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) lead to a more pronounced activation

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 03:20

... systematic review of the literature Matthew E Falagas* 1,2 , Efstathia A Zarkadoulia 1 , Paraskevi A Pliatsika 1 and George Panos 3 Address: 1 Alfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences (AIBS), Athens, ... population, details of the medical treatment (monotherapy, Highly Active Anti- Retroviral Therapy – HAART), data relevant to SES, the measure of adherence, the overall adherence and findings regarding ... treatment. In such a fashion, SES could affect the patient's quality of life, the social life of the patients and their families, the patient-physician relationship, and cre- ate a need for

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 06:20

... are warranted to validate clinical criteria against pathological diagnosis. The role of bacteriological data in improving the accuracy of a clinical diagnosis of VAP Many studies have evaluated ... value of cytological characteristics of the available bronchoalveolar specimens in diagnosing VAP. These characteristics include the number of inflammatory cells and Gram stains. The rapid availability ... standard, the accuracy of these methods in diagnosing VAP is controversial. The aim of this qualitative review was, therefore, to compare various criteria for diagnosing VAP in the ICU with a

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 10:20

... putative postural reflex function(s) A theoretical example may be a thoracolumbar pain caused by a swayback posture It is postulated that the swayback posture may be the result of a forward head ... information regarding eye alignment and stabilization [44] This is an important part of the visual postural control pathway, as this pathway may compensate for visual deprivation such as in darkness ... "gravity," and "postural." Searches of the MANTIS database and the Index to Chiropractic Literature using the same key word were also performed Nearly all of the articles relating to our review

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:22

... As a general rule, the less severe the crash, the greater the likelihood that the crash does not appear in the usual official crash databases – with many databases being restricted to casualty ... database were also searched for relevant references. In addition, the SWOV library database was searched for relevant European publications. All abstracts were read and selected for relevance ... Australia’s major transport database. As well as the holdings of the ARRB Transport Research Library collection, it also includes the holdings of a number of other Australia libraries with transport-related...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 18:20

... a specific survey initiated to gather state of the art information on reproductive and mental health issues from a variety of researchers and interested parties. Valuable data from consultant ... that the definition of maternal death should include any death of a woman while she is pregnant or within one calendar year of termi- nation of the pregnancy, and that these should be classified ... countries of the close relationship between the mental health of mothers and the physical and mental develop- ment of their children are of vital importance to both child health and maternal and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 02:20