responses of macroalgal spores and microalgae to environmental chemoattractants and repellents

... the internal environment of metazoans has led to the creation and testing of hypotheses concerning the receptormediated nature of cellular and organismal responses to environmentally important ... reviewed studies of organismal and cellular responses to environmental chemical signals and concluded that mediation by chemoreceptors was the most parsimonious way of accounting for these responses ... and shown to bear close relationships to the inhibitory effects of mixtures upon electrophysiological and behavioral responses to individual amino acid and nucleotide odorants.60,61 Ache and coworkers...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:21

... feedback inhibition (i.e autoregulation) of PAL at a certain level of endogenous cinnamate [16] PAL in higher plants is coded by a family of genes, and the presence of PAL isoforms is a common observation ... complexes that include specific isoforms of PAL [22,23] Isolation and properties of PAL from bacteria, Streptomyces verticillatus [7], S maritimus [5] and Photorhabdus luminescens [6] have been ... 93, 43 and 41% amino acid identity to that from human [32], Pseudomonas putida [33] and Bacillus subtilis [34], respectively On the basis of the functional similarity of HAL and PAL, of the same...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... bringing about the release of FKBP38, an inhibitor of mTORC1 activity [17] Raptor appears to promote signalling downstream of mTORC1 by binding to short TOR signalling (TOS) motifs found in proteins ... Binding of raptor to the TOS motif in wild-type 4E-BP1 (FEMDI) and variants thereof (A) An overlay assay (see Experimental procedures) was used to assess the binding of raptor to the TOS motif ... between the C-terminus of GST and the TOS motif, to create ‘GST-Ala4-TOS’ As shown in Fig 3A, the addition of the TOS motif to GST did not allow raptor binding Thus, the five-residue TOS motif is incapable,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... activities were defined as the ratio of the firefly luciferase to b-galactosidase value of each sample to the mean ratio of the unmodified pGL3 Control vector The results of the luciferase reporter gene ... composition of the medium was adjusted to minimize growth and cell death during 14 days of incubation The cell number was determined by the total amount of 2¢-deoxyguanosine One half of the confluent ... enzymatically and subjected to LCMS ⁄ MS Thus, a detection limit of about 0.5 ngÆmL)1 CEdGA,B was achieved Identification of CEdGA,B and assessment of the glycation rate For unequivocal identification of...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... probes Pico- to femtomoles of thousands of different nucleic acid probes can be arranged at densities of 400 to 250,000 elements/cm With this miniaturization and through the use of fluorescence ... been shown to transactiPate a large variety of other genes and viral promotors For example, the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promotor can be activated through transcription factors such as ATF and CREB ... characterization of many hitherto unknown viral genes This has led not only to many clues on functionality and life cycle management of the virus, but also to the discovery of other viral promotors suitable...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 09:41

... of regulation of transcription so far MEDSoft (see Figure 4.1), an implementation of MED, is therefore developed to satisfy the demand of a major community who desires to own a helpful tool to ... the sequence and structure of DNA-binding domains, regulatory proteins are often grouped into class The goal function of the DNA-binding domain rules out the site of activator action and the contribution ... of the MED method to develop an efficient, flexible, reliable and user-friendly software, MEDSoft, to provide worldwide biology community a way of analyzing and studying the motifs data MEDSoft...

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2015, 09:45

... base solutions (AT1V and AT2V) The compositions of AT1V and AT2V are also shown in Table The pH value and OPR of AT1V are 5.5 and approximately 5, and those of AT2V are 5.5 and approximately The ... H3) of Bacillus cereus, and the standard strain ATCC10231 and clinical isolates (N6, N7, N8) of Candida albicans Experiment 2: The standard strain was used for each microorganism; the ATCC653 of ... Addition of microorganism, incubation and sampling A specific number of each test microorganism was added to each 10 mL of test solutions in sterile plastic tubes, and all tubes were allowed to stand...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 09:39

... study, we aim to determine the effects of the CO2/sample flow rate and exposure time in the SC-CO2 treatment on the inactivation of coliform and total bacteria in untreated water and to propose ... to each of five test tubes (φ18 mm × 180 mm), each of which contained 10 ml of lactose bile (LB) broth (Nihon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) and a small glass tube (φ8 mm × 30 mm), and ... which corresponded to hydrolyzed substrate of 0-40 nmoles and are the means with standard errors of the results of triplicate experiments RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Inactivation of microorganisms...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38

... Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol 8, No.4, 2010 The contribution ratio of PC1 and PC2 were 43.8% and 18.6%, respectively, and the accumulated contribution ratio for PC1 and PC2 ... and less than 1% for MK-11(H2) The contributions of MK-9(H2) and MK-11(H2) were neglected, because the contents of MK-9(H6) and MK-11(H2) were very small PC1 was considered to be mainly Q-8 and ... liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection, The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology, 42, 457-469 Hiraishi A., Iwasaki M., Kawagishi T., Yoshida N., Narihiro T and Kato K (2003)...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... variety of sensory cues such as off-colours, offodours, off- flavours, softening of vegetables and fruits, and slime However, even before it becomes obvious, microbes have begun the process of breaking ... transported to the research laboratory of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto for further analysis Isolation and count of microorganisms Bacteria were isolated by transferring an aliquot of 0.1 ml of ... Listeria monocytogenes and Candida krusei respectively The result of GC-MS analysis of diethyl ether extract obtained from healthy and spoilt mango revealed the presence of 11 and 16 compounds...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 20:20

... activity of human eRF1 in vitro [20,30], of yeast eRF1 in vivo [3], and of Es coli RF2 both in vivo and in vitro [31,32] For instance, GAQ mutants of both RF1 and RF2 are four to five orders of magnitude ... site [32] Together, the M and C domains of human eRF1, in the absence of the N domain, are able to bind to the mammalian ribosome and induce GTPase activity of eRF3 in the presence of GTP [33] ... structure of the M domain of the human eRF1 [3] is superimposed on the same set of atoms in the representative solution structure and is shown in red (B) The topology of the M domain of human eRF1 and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... Embryos are oriented anterior to the left and dorsal to the top (E–J) Detection of Dm-eIF4B isoforms by immunohistochemistry of syncytial blastoderm (E), stage 11 embryo (F) and stage 14 embryo (G) ... product was cloned into pGEM-T (Promega) to create pGEMT-4BL, and into the BamHI site of the vectors pGEX-2T and pGEX-6P2 (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech) to create pGEX2T-4BL and pGEX6P2-4BL, respectively ... The similarity and identity between amino acids 90–346 of Dm-eIF4B and Sch pombe Sce3p are 44% and 36%, respectively, and 34% and 24% between amino acids 157–419 of Dm-eIF4B-L and both eIF4B1...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... development of an adapted microflora tolerant to Cd Cadmium has also been shown to be inhibitory to denitrification in a silt loam soil at 10 mg kgy1 (Bollag and Barabasz, 1979), and in clay and sandy ... 0.87% C different soils: River sand, Gley, Gray lowland, Andosol and Humic Andosol (pH 5.7–8.5) different soils—River sand, Gley, Gray lowland, Andosol and Humic Andosol (pH 5.7–8.5)q2% sludge ... and Baker, 1980; Doelman and Haanstra, 1984) Babich and Stotzky (1977) also reported decreased toxicity of Cd to several fungi in soil with an increasing content of montmorillonite Presence of...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:21

... binding and modulation of heme sensitivity at lm, even in the absence of Cys409 Identification of the autophosphorylation sites of HRI overexpressed in E coli To further clarify the details of autophosphorylation, ... Autophosphorylation of an HRI J Igarashi et al Results and Discussion A Phosphatase B Heme Dephosphorylation of HRI with k phosphatase and autophosphorylation in the presence of ATP Effects of ... multiple autophosphorylation steps, it is important to identify other phosphorylation sites in HRI and to establish the contribution of the autophosphorylation process to heme sensing and catalysis...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... the action of cytochrome c oxidase This formation of disulfide bonds drives substrate import of some intermembrane space proteins from the cytosol through the translocator of the outer mitochondrial ... showing that the soft spot of an antibody is its CH1 domain [10] Antibodies are composed of a basic unit of two heavy and two light chains, each of which has repeating units of ‘constant’ or ‘variable’ ... envelope protein of HIV is gp160, which is cleaved into gp120 and gp41 subunits Gp160 has 10 disulfide bonds and folds very slowly in the ER, but needs to so in order to keep the amount of productively...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 22:21

... balance and harmony of the yin and yang, we observed health and life I could probably talk more examples and experiences, for I would like you to understand and appreciate the functions of beneficial ... microorganisms and enzymes, on energy chi, balance and harmony, of opposites, yin and yang Living soil is the basis of soil fertility Soil, living soil is the alpha and omega, the beginning and end And ... natural growth hormones and trace elements, and good source of nitrogen and potassium? Check out the kinds of materials you can ferment and use to induce growth, flowering and fruiting Fish Amino...

Ngày tải lên: 12/06/2014, 11:18

... presence of microorganisms makes the oscillatory mode of instability impossible (corresponding values of ω are imaginary) Conclusions The possibility of oscillatory mode of instability in a nanofluid ... non-oscillatory (solid line) and oscillatory (dotted line) cases indicates that in order for the oscillatory instability to occur, Rn generally must be negative, which corresponds to a bottom-heavy ... shows boundaries of non-oscillatory and oscillatory instabilities This figure is similar to Figure 1a, but since now the case of the rigid-free boundaries is considered, the values of the critical...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 06:20

... because of its lower and containable pollutant outputs comparing to thermal processes Efficacy in biomining environments demands tolerance to high levels of toxic heavy metals and the ability to incorporate ... thoughts of some of the scientists who are engaged in development of new tools and ideas used to reveal genetic variation, often from very different perspectives These books should prove useful to ... Mitochondria of Heterolobosea are oval, elongated or cup-shaped and possess flattened, often discoidal cristae Few species are anaerobic and their mitochondria lack cristae The mitochondrion of...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 08:20

... application of biological preparations may in the future partially replace the use of agrochemicals and thus contribute to environmental improvement and enhancement of the quality of soil, water and ... duty to express w s i n c e r e thanks to the staff of the Department of Microbial Ecology and Department of Experimental Mycology of the Institute of Microbiology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, ... enzymes of a range of isolates of _T harzianum and viride using gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focussing, chromatofocussing and fast protein liquid chromatography (Ridout et al., 1986 and unpublished)...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... the standard of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural development, in the slaughtering process each cattle, pig and poultry need 300 to 500 liter of water, 100 liter of water and 30 liter of water, ... includes 180 - 200 tons of pork (contributing to around 70% of all meat), 62 tons of poultry meat, and 40 tons of beef (Vnexpress, 2005) Almost the meat is processed in private and small slaughterhouses ... part of the normal flora of the human hand (Ayc- ic-ek et al., 2004) Enterotoxigenic strains of S aureus exist and there is potential risk of food-borne staphylococcal intoxication S aureus intoxications...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:22