... emphasisis on learning language by proactively interactingwith an external environment. Reinforcement Learningfor Language Pro-cessing Reinforcementlearning has been previ-ously applied to the ... Problem FormulationOur task is to learn a mapping between documentsand the sequence of actions they express. Figure 2shows how one example sentence is mapped to three actions. Mapping Text toActions ... facilitates automatic play.As is commonly done in reinforcement learn-ing, we use a softmax temperature parameter to smooth the policy distribution (Sutton and Barto,1998), set to 0.1 in our...
... best-performing resolver for each test set and scoring pro-gram combination. Interestingly, with respect to the162used to represent a training or test instance, and theclustering algorithm used to ... need to make tough or potentiallysuboptimal design decisions.1 For instance, if we1We still need to determine thecoreference systems to beemployed in our framework, however. Fortunately, ... fa-vorably to two state-of-the-art coreference systemsadopting the standard machine learning approach,outperforming them by as much as 4–7% on thethree data sets for one of the performance metrics.2...
... dialogue history. In such cases, itis important to optimise surface realisation in a uni-fied fashion with content selection. We suggest to use Hierarchical ReinforcementLearning (HRL) to achieve ... contractions of se-quences of low-level instructions (‘head to the nextroom’). Content selection also involves choosing alevel of detail for the instruction corresponding to the user’s information ... to the system consists of semantic variables compara-ble to the annotated values, the output corresponds to strings of words. We use HRL to optimise deci-sions of content selection (‘what to...
... for being able to explain the concepts to each other.Accountability for Contributing to Their TeamThe next step is ensuring that members contribute time and effort to group work.In order to ... transformsclassrooms into a place of excitement that is rewarding for them and the instructor.With TBL:1. Instructors seldom have to worry about students not being in class or failing to prepare ... addition to these long-standing challenges, these educators, in response to public expectation,recognize the need for practitioners to have good people skills. This means learning how to communicate...
... Web and find information. For Scott McGlumphy, a so-so student before the shift to connected laptops, Web access turnedhim into a student with a keen interest in anthropology and top grades. "No ... training to their employees.The Internet is enabling us to address these educational challenges, bringing learningto studentsinstead of bringing students to learning. It is allowing for the ... Internet is a promising tool. Working together, we can realize the full potential of this tool for learning. With the will and the means, we have the power to expand the learning horizons of stu-dents...
... JAIR,16.R. Sutton and A. Barto. 1998. Reinforcement Learn-ing. The MIT Pre ss.M. Walker. 2000. An application of reinforcement learningto dialogue strategy selection in a spokendialogue system for ... Walker. 1999. Reinforcement learningfor spoken dialogue sys-tems. I n Proc. NIPS ’99.S. Singh, D. Litman, M. Kearns, and M. Walker. 2002.Optimizing dialogue managment with reinforcement learning: ... computer tutorial interactions. In Proc.Cognitive Science.I. Chades, M. Cros, F. Garcia, and R. Sabbadin. 2005.Mdp toolbox v2.0 for matlab.K. Forbes-Riley a nd D. Litman. 2005. Using bigra msto...
... of this capacity factor indicator: Capacity factor Capacity factor indicator Capacity factor and indicator— in terms particular to this situation Changed through learning? 3 ... documentation) Before learning During learning Immediately after learning After learning (follow-up 1) After learning (follow-up 2) Status of measure before (with predictions, ... other indicators of output)? o How is it envisioned that participants will use the learning after each activity? (indicators of contribution tolearning outcomes) Step 8. Monitor learning outcomes;...
... Repeat.Teacher: to come to my house for lunch?Students: Repeat.Teacher: Would you like to come to my house for lunch?Students: Repeat.14dayNote: The students should now be ready for a pair work ... chaining)Example: Would you like to come to my house for lunch? (Tiếng Anh 7, Unit 6, pg 66)The teacher would start by saying:Teacher: for lunch? Students: Repeat.Teacher: to my house for lunch?Students: ... exactly the same information. If the task is correctly set, the students must pool their information and are thus forced to communicate through English. The information gap is therefore an important...
... appreciate. For the accomplishment of this study, I wish to show my sincere thanks to my supervisor Mr. Nguyễn Bàng, who has given me kind guidance and correction.I would like to acknowledge my debt to ... ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSFirst of all, I would like to express my deep gratitude to all my teachers at College of Foreign Languages, Vietnam National University-Hanoi for their valuable lectures. And their ... Postgraduate Department, College of Foreign Languages, VNU-Hanoi for their enthusiastic support.I am sincerely grateful to Mr. Đinh Tấn Bảo and my colleagues of Foreign Languages Department, Quang...
... easy to speak to him. To speak to him _______________________________________12. After he had bought the ticket he went to the cinema. Before he ______________________13. They want to go ... knocked on the door2.Sally didn t go’ to a football match before3.Harry tried to repair the car, but he didn’t know what he was doing4.What did you wear to Helen’s party5.Were you eating spaghtti ... to remember what happenedVII.REWRITE, USING THE WORDS GIVEN IN BRACKET1.The teacher allowed me to stay at home to finish the assignment( The teacher let) The teacher let me stay at home to...
... lifeof three to five years before they become obsolete. Incontrast, structured cabling historically has a useful life of10 to 15 years. Therefore, the structured cabling you installtoday must ... logical choice was to install category 5 in anticipation of applicationsrequiring 100Base-TX.Building for How to Choose the Right Cabling InfrastructureBandwidthBuilding for BandwidthPage ... and develop solutions for future productgenerations. Using IEEE standards as a guide, it is possible to see the direction for both active equipment and cablingrequirements for the next few generations.IEEE...